【正文】 notes, papers and feedback. 觀(guān)察結(jié)果、數(shù)據(jù)和計(jì)算應(yīng)在工作時(shí)予以記錄 ,並能的按照特定任務(wù)分類(lèi)識(shí)別 . Observations, data and calculations shall be recorded at the time they are made and shall be identifiable to the specific task. 當(dāng)記錄中出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí) ,每一錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)劃改 ,不可擦塗 掉 ,以免字跡模糊或消失 ,並將正確值填寫(xiě)在其旁邊 .對(duì)記錄的所有改動(dòng)應(yīng)有改動(dòng)人的簽名或簽名縮寫(xiě) .對(duì)電子存儲(chǔ)的記錄也應(yīng)採(cǎi)取同等措施 ,以避免原始數(shù)據(jù)的丟失或改動(dòng) . When mistakes occur in records, each mistake s hall be crossed out, not erased, made illegible or deleted, and The correct value entered alongside. All such alterations to records s hall be signed or initialled by the person making the correction. In the case of records stored electronically, equivalent measures shall be taken to avoid loss or change of original data. 內(nèi)部審核 Internal audits 實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)根據(jù)預(yù)定的日程表和程序 ,定期地對(duì)其活動(dòng)進(jìn)行內(nèi) 部審核 ,以驗(yàn)證其運(yùn)作持續(xù)符合質(zhì)量體系和本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求 .內(nèi)部審核計(jì)劃應(yīng)涉及質(zhì)量體系的全部要素 ,包括檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)活動(dòng) .質(zhì)量主管負(fù)責(zé)按照日程表的要求和管理層的需要策劃和組織內(nèi)部審核 .審核應(yīng)由經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)和具備資格的人員來(lái)執(zhí)行 ,只要資源允許 ,審核人員應(yīng)獨(dú)立于被審核的活動(dòng) . The laboratory shall periodically, and in accordance with a predetermined schedule and procedure, conduct internal audits of its activities to verify that its operations continue to ply with the requirements of the management system and this International Standard. The internal audit programme shall address all elements of the management system, including the testing and/or calibration activities. It is the responsibility of the quality manager to plan and anize audits as required by the schedule and requested by management. Such audits shall be carried out by trained and qualified personnel who are, wherever resources permit, independent of the activity to be audited. 注 : 內(nèi)部審核的周期通常爲(wèi)一年 . NOTE The cycle for internal auditing should normally be pleted in one year. 總則 General 決定實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)。 e) 確定批準(zhǔn)恢復(fù)工作的職責(zé) . the responsibility for authorizing the resumption of work is defined. 注 : 對(duì)質(zhì)量體系或檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)活動(dòng)的不符合工作或問(wèn)題的鑒別 ,可能在質(zhì)量體系和技術(shù)運(yùn)作的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行 ,例如客戶(hù)抱怨、質(zhì)量控制、儀器校準(zhǔn)、消耗材料的核查、對(duì)員工的考察或監(jiān)督、檢測(cè)報(bào)告和校準(zhǔn)證書(shū)的核查 、管理評(píng)審和內(nèi)部或外部審核 . NOTE Identification of nonconforming work or problems with the management system or with testing and/or calibration activities can occur at various places within the management system and technical operations. Examples are customer plaints, quality control, instrument calibration, checking of consumable materials, staff observations or supervision, test report and calibration certificate checking, management reviews and internal or external audits. 當(dāng)評(píng)價(jià)表明不符合工作可能再度發(fā)生 ,或?qū)?shí)驗(yàn)室的運(yùn)作對(duì)其政策和程序的 符合性産生懷疑時(shí) , 應(yīng)立即執(zhí)行 中規(guī)定的糾正措施程序 . Where the evaluation indicates that the nonconforming work could recur or that there is doubt about the pliance of the laboratory39。 d) 必要時(shí) ,通知客戶(hù)並取消工作 。 c) 立即進(jìn)行糾正 ,同時(shí)對(duì)不符合工作的可接受性作出決定 。 b) 對(duì)不符合工作的嚴(yán)重性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià) 。 b) 客戶(hù)爲(wèi)驗(yàn)證目的所需的檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)物品的準(zhǔn)備、包裝和發(fā)送 . preparation, packaging, and dispatch of test and/or calibration items needed by the customer for verification purposes. 注 2:客戶(hù)非常重視與實(shí)驗(yàn)室保持技術(shù)方面的良好溝通並獲得建議和指導(dǎo) ,以及根據(jù)結(jié)果得出的意 見(jiàn)和解釋 .實(shí)驗(yàn)室在整個(gè)過(guò)程中 ,宜與客戶(hù)尤其是大宗業(yè)務(wù)的客戶(hù)保持聯(lián)繫 .實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)將檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)過(guò)程中的任何延誤和主要偏離通知客戶(hù) . NOTE 2 Customers value the maintenance of good munication, advice and guidance in technical matters, and opinions and interpretations based on results. Communication with the customer, especially in large assignments, should be maintained throughout the work. The laboratory should inform the customer of any delays or major deviations in the performance of the tests and/or calibrations. 實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)向客戶(hù)處征求反饋意見(jiàn) ,無(wú)論是正面的還是負(fù)面的 .應(yīng)使 用和分析這些意見(jiàn)並應(yīng)用於改進(jìn)管理 體系、檢測(cè)和校準(zhǔn)活動(dòng)及對(duì)客戶(hù)的服務(wù) . The laboratory shall seek feedback, both positive and negative, from its customers. The feedback shall be used and analysed to improve the management system, testing and calibration activities and customer service. 注 : 反饋意見(jiàn)的類(lèi)型例如 : 客戶(hù)滿(mǎn)意度調(diào) 查、與客戶(hù)一起評(píng)價(jià)檢測(cè)或校準(zhǔn)報(bào)告 . NOTE Examples of the types of feedback include customer satisfaction surveys and review of test or calibration reports with customers. 抱怨 Complaints 實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)有政策和程序處理來(lái)自客戶(hù)或其他方面的抱怨 . 應(yīng)保存所有抱怨的記錄 ,以及實(shí)驗(yàn)室針對(duì)抱怨所開(kāi)展的調(diào)查和糾正措施的記錄 (見(jiàn) ). The laboratory shall have a policy and procedure for the resolution of plaints received from customers or other parties. Records shall be maintained of all plaints and of the investigations and corrective actions taken by the laboratory (see also ). 不 符合檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)工作的控制 Control of nonconforming testing and/or calibration work 當(dāng)檢測(cè)和 (或 )校準(zhǔn)工作的任何方面 ,或該工作的結(jié)果不符合其程序或客戶(hù)同意的要求時(shí) ,實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)實(shí)施既定的政策和程序 .該政策和程序應(yīng)保證 : The laboratory shall have a policy and procedures that shall be implemented when any aspect of its testing and/or calibration work, or the results of this work, do not conform to its own procedures or the agreed requirements of the customer. The policy and procedures shall ensure that: a) 確定對(duì)不符合工作進(jìn)行管理的責(zé)任和權(quán)力 ,規(guī)定當(dāng)不符合工作被確定時(shí)所採(cǎi)取的措施 (包括必要時(shí)暫停工作 ,扣發(fā)檢測(cè)報(bào)告和校準(zhǔn)證書(shū) )。 providing the customer or the customer39。s requirements remain unchanged. For new, plex or advanced testing and/or calibration tasks, a more prehensive record should be maintained. 評(píng)審的內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括被實(shí)驗(yàn)室分包出去的所有工作 . The review shall also cover any work that is subcontracted by the laboratory. 對(duì)合同的任何偏離均應(yīng)通知客戶(hù) . The customer shall be informed of any deviation from the contract. 工作開(kāi)始後如果需要修改合同 ,應(yīng)重復(fù)進(jìn)行同樣的合同評(píng)審過(guò)程 ,並將所有修改內(nèi)容通知所有受到影響的人員 . If a contract needs to be amended after work has menced, the same contract review process shall be repeated and any amendments shall be municated to all affected personnel. 檢測(cè)和校準(zhǔn)的分包 Subcontracting of tests and calibrations 當(dāng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室由於未預(yù)料的原因 (如工作量 、需要更多專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)或暫不具備能力 )或持續(xù)性的原因 (如通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期分包、代理或特殊協(xié)議 )需將工作分包時(shí) ,應(yīng)分包給合格的分包方 ,例如能夠遵照本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求進(jìn)行工作的分包方 . When a laboratory subcontracts work, whether because of unforeseen reasons (. workload, need for further expertise or temporary incapacity) or on a continuing basis (. through permanent subcontracting, agency or franchising arrangements), this work shall be placed with a petent subcontractor. A petent subcontractor is one that, for example, plies with this International Standard for the work in qu