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如:The children can hardly wait to hear the ne。如:His pictures were hung in the museum.70、hard, hardly 別緊張 hard努力地。 6hanged, hung hang, hanged, hanged吊死。 glimpse“一瞥”,是短暫而急促地看,含有意地匆匆地看一眼,現(xiàn)多用作名詞。 Stare強調(diào)由于好奇、害怕或無意地睜大眼睛盯著看看。如:Formerly he worked in a factory, but now he is a teacher.6gaze, stare, glance, glimpse 都與“看”有關(guān)。 it’s too big. Her blue coat suits her fair skin. 6formally, formerly formally正式地。他們的區(qū)別在于,前者指的是尺寸大小的適合;而后者表示的是樣式、風(fēng)格、程度的適合。如:I made chocolate cake specially for you.(我特地為你做了巧克力蛋糕。如:The visitors admired his paintings, but particularly the portrait of his daughter.(來訪者贊賞他所有的繪畫,特別是他女兒的畫像。如:I love Italy, especially in summer.(我喜歡意大利,尤其在夏天。) 6especially, particularly, specially 均可表“特別地”。 shorting 缺點,可指人或事物的本質(zhì)上不足之處(常用復(fù)數(shù))。如:There is a fault in this machine.(這臺機(jī)器有一處毛病。 mistake指判斷或理解方面,或指因考慮不周而造成的錯誤,搭配是make a mistake。) 6error, mistake, fault, shorting 均表“缺點”,“錯誤”。) withstand經(jīng)受,承受,指頂住外來的壓力和攻勢。) tolerate容忍,容許,指自我克制的態(tài)度,對于令人反感的事沒有任何抗議。) stand忍受,與bear同義,但較口語化。) 耐心、耐力endure忍耐,書面語,指長時間經(jīng)受痛苦而不屈服。bear忍受,容忍,指忍受使人悲痛、煩惱或痛苦的事情。如:This morning exercise has bee my everyday every day每天(作狀語)。 Emergency意為“緊急情況”,“突然事件”。如:electrical engineering(電機(jī)工程);an electrical transcription(廣播唱片) 錄音、翻譯 electronic 電子的,電子操作的。如:He is economical of money and time. 5 electric, electrical, electronic 三詞都與電有關(guān)electric著重于發(fā)電的,電動的或?qū)щ姷摹#?5economic, economical 學(xué)說、教義、教條economic經(jīng)濟(jì)(學(xué))的。 efficient“效率高的”,“有能力的”,用以指人或物,著重有效地利用時間、精力并取得預(yù)期效果。effective常用以指物,強調(diào)能產(chǎn)生某種預(yù)期的效果。 Do you doubt that he is a genius 你懷疑他是個天才嗎 I suspect that he is a genius. 我猜想他是個天才。翻譯成“猜想…是真的”比較恰當(dāng)。而suspect意為懷疑或認(rèn)為某件事是真的。如:A kind of toothbrush has been invented to relieve toothache.5doubt/suspect doubt意為懷疑某事是不可能或不真實的,肯定句中常跟whether或if引出的賓語從句,否定句和疑問句常跟that引出的賓語從句。如:John was independent of his parents when he was still a child. 5discover, invent discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。 5dependent, independent dependent依賴的,依靠的(on, upon)。 I39。 The rain will ruin the crops.這雨會把莊稼毀掉的。 ruin多用于借喻之中,有時泛指一般性的破壞,指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。s hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazi39。如: The big fire destroyed the whole house. 這場大火把整座房子都燒毀了。 destroy意為“破壞;摧毀;消滅;毀滅”,通常指程度非常嚴(yán)重的“毀壞”,一般情況下不可以修復(fù)再用。 damage還可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。 What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries. 他們的言行損害了這兩個國家之間的關(guān)系。如: The car was not damaged badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt. 汽車在事故中損壞不嚴(yán)重,但卻有五個人受了重傷。它可用于表示損壞或破壞具體的物品,一般暗示損壞后價值或效益會降低,這種損壞是部分性的,通常指損壞的程度不那么嚴(yán)重,還可以修復(fù)再用。 destroy。如:He has the bad habit of biting his nails.(他有咬手指的壞習(xí)慣。 custom為正式用詞,多指社團(tuán)或人們的習(xí)慣行為方式。如:current English (當(dāng)代英語) present為常用詞,指現(xiàn)在正在通用的,在時間上比current的范圍更窄。5 current, present 均可表“現(xiàn)在”,“目前”。如:The medicine will cure of your disease.(這藥能治好你的病。如:The plane crashed shortly after the takeoff.(飛機(jī)起飛不久就墜毀了。如:I can crack it, but I can’t break it. (我能把它弄裂,但不能把它弄破。vi.) 付錢,后面可以跟雙賓語,也可以當(dāng)不及物動詞使用,形成pay for ??梢孕纬蓅pend…on sth./in doing sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。主語通常是一件事,也可以跟雙賓語。主語通常是事或物,可跟雙賓語。如:Continual smoking is bad for health. continuous不斷延伸的,連續(xù)不斷的,強調(diào)中間無間斷。如:His action is always consistent with his words.constant不斷的,表示持續(xù)和慣常的重現(xiàn),往往沒有變化。如:It was considerate of you not to trouble us.(你真體貼人,不打擾我們。如:He met a considerable amount of trouble.(他遇到了許多麻煩。如:Twelve months constitute a year.(一年有十二個月。如:The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Island.(聯(lián)合王國是由大不列顛及北愛爾蘭組 成。如:Twelve men pose a jury.(十二人組成陪審團(tuán)。 It was a small town then, pared to/with what it is now. 和現(xiàn)在比起來,那時它還是個小鎮(zhèn)。 pared with…和pared to…都可用作狀語,意義基本相同,可互換。如: Living here can’t pare with living in Shanghai.在這兒生活不能和在上海(生活)相比。 pare既可以單獨用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。 pare…to…意為“把……比作……”,著重注意兩者間的相似點。 pared with/to pare…with意為“把……與……相比”,側(cè)重指兩者間的區(qū)別。如:You’d better give all the old clothing away.4pare…with。如:When she won the gold medal, there was childlike smile on her face. 4cloth, clothing cloth布。)4childish, childlike childish幼稚的。) occasion主要指“時機(jī)”,“場合”,也含有“機(jī)會”的意思。) opportunity主要指能夠去做某事,尤其是達(dá)到自己目的,實現(xiàn)某種愿望的好機(jī)會。 The ball went over the fence and one of the players asked a boy to fetch it. The city’s underground carries more people than the buses. You had better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. Waiter, bring me a bottle of beer please. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late4chance, opportunity, occasion chance多指偶然的機(jī)會,意外的機(jī)會,帶有僥幸的意味。 carry (vt.) 攜帶:表示用人力或交通工具把某物或某人,從一地帶到另一地。如:Can you lend me your bike3bring/take/fetch/carry bring (vt.)帶來:表示從別處把某人或某物拿到說話者處。 3borrow, lend borrow借入。如: He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。 be known to “為……所了解/知道”,其后接表示人的詞語。如: Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美麗的山水而聞名。 We’re sure you’ll be wellknown as an artist.我們相信你會成為一位著名的畫家。 3be known as; be known for; be known to; be known in be known as 意為“作為……而著名”,其后的名詞表示一個人的身份、職業(yè)等。 用在否定句中,三者可以互換。如: I’ll do everything except/but cook. 除了做飯,我什么事情都干。 All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong. 除了吳東看過那部影片外,他們也都看過了。用于肯定句中時,except/but意為“除……外(不再有)”;besides意為“除……外(還有)”。如:Come and sit beside me. besides除……之外。如:He has won the race.(他贏得了賽跑的勝利。(推測性理由) 3beat, win beat表在比賽和戰(zhàn)斗中打敗對手,后接對手作賓語。 for引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句末,其前用逗號,它所敘述的理由是間接的,即推測性理由,或是對前面敘述的事實或看法的補充說明。 Since everyone is here,let39。 as與since引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句首,不過as表示十分明顯的原因,只說明一般的因果關(guān)系,可譯為“因為、由于”;而since則表示稍加分析、對方已知的原因,一般可譯為“既然”。because引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句末,表示直接的原因或理由,表示產(chǎn)生那種結(jié)果的必然的因果關(guān)系,在回答why的提問時,必須用because作答。 3because/since/as/for 這四個詞都是表示原因或理由的連接詞,但是as,because,since是從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,for是并列連詞,所引導(dǎo)的不是原因狀語從句,而是表示理由的對等句子,是對前面所講內(nèi)容補充和說明。award意為“授予(獎品,獎金等)”,后面可跟雙賓語;reward意為“報酬”,“酬謝”,只能跟人或以人的行為作賓語。如:I await your further instructions.wait“等”、“等候”,是不及物動詞,后常接介詞for。 waken多用作及物動詞,常指“吵醒”,“驚醒”。 awake既可及物,也可不及物,多用于比喻。 Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time. 這些藥每天服三次,每次服三粒。例如: