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成人學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料(詞匯、短詞、閱讀、作文)(參考版)

2025-01-14 03:50本頁面
  

【正文】 如: I mad。如: The visitors admired his paintings, but particularly the portrait of his daughter.(來訪者贊賞他所有的繪畫,特別是他女兒的畫像。如: I love Italy, especially in summer.(我喜歡意大利,尤其在夏天。) 6 especially, particularly, specially 均可表 “ 特別地 ” 。 shorting 缺點(diǎn),可指人或事物的本質(zhì)上不足之處(常用復(fù)數(shù))。如: There is a fault in this machine.(這臺(tái)機(jī)器有一處毛病。 mistake指判斷或理解方面,或指因考慮不周而造成的錯(cuò)誤,搭配是 make a mistake。) 6 error, mistake, fault, shorting 均表 “ 缺點(diǎn) ” , “ 錯(cuò)誤 ” 。) withstand經(jīng)受,承受,指頂住外來的壓力和攻勢(shì)。) tolerate容忍,容許,指自我克制的態(tài)度,對(duì)于令人反感的事沒有任何抗議。) stand忍受,與 bear同義,但較口語化。) endure忍耐,書面語,指長時(shí)間經(jīng)受痛苦而不屈服。 bear忍受,容忍,指忍受使人悲痛、煩惱或痛苦的事情。如: This morning exercise has bee my everyday routine. every day每天(作狀語)。 Emergency意為 “ 緊急情況 ” , “ 突然事件 ” 。如: electrical engineering(電機(jī)工程); an electrical transcription(廣播唱片) electronic 電子的,電子操作的。如: He is economical of money and time. 5 electric, electrical, electronic 三詞都與電有關(guān) electric著重于發(fā)電的,電動(dòng)的或?qū)щ姷?。? 5 economic, economical economic 經(jīng)濟(jì)(學(xué))的。 efficient“ 效率高的 ” , “ 有能力的 ” ,用以指人或物,著重有效地利用時(shí)間、精力并取得預(yù)期效果。 effective 常用以指物,強(qiáng)調(diào)能產(chǎn)生某種預(yù)期的效果。 Do you doubt that he is a genius? 你懷疑他是個(gè)天才嗎 ? I suspect that he is a genius. 我猜想他是個(gè)天才。翻譯 成“猜想 ? 是真的”比較恰當(dāng)。而 suspect 意為懷疑或認(rèn)為某件事是真的。如: A kind of toothbrush has been invented to relieve toothache. 5 doubt/suspect doubt 意為懷疑某事是不可能或不真實(shí)的,肯定句中常跟 whether 或 if 引出的賓語從句,否定句和疑問句常跟 that 引出的賓語從句。如: John was independent of his parents when he was still a child. 5 discover, invent discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。 5 dependent, independent dependent依賴的,依靠的( on, upon)。 I39。 The rain will ruin the crops.這雨會(huì)把莊稼毀掉的。 ruin 多用于借喻之中,有時(shí)泛指一般性的破壞,指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。s dream by the power of people. 納粹想摧毀人民的希望,最終是納粹的夢(mèng)想被人民的力量所摧毀。 The Nazi wanted to destroy people39。另外,它既可表示毀壞具體的物品,也可表示毀壞抽象的東西。 216。 damage還可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。 Smoking has damaged his health badly. 吸煙嚴(yán)重地?fù)p害了他的健康。 Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.長期生病使她的心臟受到輕度損傷。也可用于表示損壞抽象的東西 ,有時(shí)該詞也用于借喻。 damage 意為“損壞、破壞”。 destroy。如: He has the bad habit of biting his nails.(他有咬手指的壞習(xí)慣。 custom為正式用詞,多指社團(tuán)或人們的習(xí)慣行為方式。如: current English (當(dāng)代英語 ) present 為常用詞,指現(xiàn)在正在通用的,在時(shí)間上比 current 的范圍更窄。 5 current, present 均可表 “ 現(xiàn)在 ” , “ 目前 ” 。如: The medicine will cure of your disease.(這藥能治好你的病。如: The plane crashed shortly after the takeoff.(飛機(jī)起飛不久就墜毀了。如: I can crack it, but I can’t break it. (我能把它弄裂,但不能把它弄破。vi.) 付錢,后面可以跟雙賓語,也可以當(dāng)不及物動(dòng)詞使用,形成pay for ??梢孕纬?spend?on sth./in doing sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。主語通常是一件事,也可以跟 雙賓語。主語通常是事或物,可跟雙賓語。如: Continual smoking is bad for health. continuous不斷延伸的,連續(xù)不斷的,強(qiáng)調(diào)中間無間斷。如: His action is always consistent with his words. constant不斷的,表示持續(xù)和慣常的重現(xiàn),往往沒有變化。如: It was considerate of you not to trouble us.(你真體貼人,不打擾我們。如: He met a considerable amount of trouble.(他遇到了許多麻煩。如:Twelve months constitute a year.(一年有十二個(gè)月。如: The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Island.(聯(lián)合王 國是由大不列顛及北愛爾蘭組 成。如:Twelve men pose a jury.(十二人組成陪審團(tuán)。 It was a small town then, pared to/ with what it is now. 和現(xiàn)在比起來,那時(shí)它還是個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。 pared with?和 pared to?都可用作狀語,意義基本相同,可互換。 If you pare the two words, you can tell the difference between them. 如果你比較這兩個(gè)單詞,你就會(huì)辨別出它們之間的不同。用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),以 pare with?形式出現(xiàn),表示“與??相比”。 216。 pare? to?意為“把??比作??”,著重注意兩者間的相似點(diǎn)。 如: Compare this car with that one, and you will find the differences between them. 把這輛汽車與那輛汽車相比較 ,你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間的區(qū)別。 pared with/ to 216。如: You’d better give all the old clothing away. 4 pare? with。如: When she won the gold medal, there was childlike smile on her face. 4 cloth, clothing cloth布。) 4 childish, childlike childish幼稚的。) occasion 主要指 “ 時(shí)機(jī) ” , “ 場(chǎng)合 ” ,也含有 “ 機(jī)會(huì) ” 的意思。) opportunity 主要指能夠去做某事,尤其是達(dá)到自 己目的,實(shí)現(xiàn)某種愿望的好機(jī)會(huì)。 The ball went over the fence and one of the players asked a boy to fetch it. The city’s underground carries more people than the buses. You had better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. Waiter, bring me a bottle of beer please. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接 原因,后接 of sth./doing sth reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由,后接 for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 4 chance, opportunity, occasion chance多指偶然的機(jī)會(huì),意外的機(jī)會(huì),帶有僥幸的意味。 carry (vt.) 攜帶:表示用人力或交通工具把某物或某人,從一地帶到另一地。如: Can you lend me your bike? 3 bring/take/fetch/carry bring (vt.)帶來:表示從別處把某人或某物拿到說話者處。 3 borrow, lend borrow借入。如: He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。 be known to “為??所了解/知道”,其后接表示人的詞語。 Mr Geldof is wellknown for anizing two big pop concerts on the same day. 蓋爾多夫先生因在同一天組織兩場(chǎng)大型的流行音樂會(huì)而出名。 be known for 意為“因??而著名”,其后所接內(nèi)容表示某人或物的特點(diǎn)、特長等。 We’ re sure you’ ll be wellknown as an artist.我們 相信你會(huì)成為一位著名的畫家。 be known as 意為“作為??而著名”,其后的名詞表示一個(gè)人的身份、職業(yè)等。如: There aren’t any other pe ople to do the work except/ but/ besides you. 除了你,沒人能做這工作。 216。如: I’ ll do everything except/ but cook. 除了做飯,我什么事情都干。 216。請(qǐng)比較: All of them have seen the film except/ but Wu Dong. 除了吳東外,他們都看過了那部影片。 三者都可以用作介詞。如: Come and sit beside me. besides除 ?? 之外。如: He has won the race.(他贏得了賽跑的勝利。(推測(cè)性理由) 3 beat, win beat表在比賽和戰(zhàn)斗中打敗對(duì)手,后接對(duì)手作賓語。 for引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句末,其前用逗號(hào),它所敘述的理由是間接的,即推測(cè)性理由,或是對(duì)前面敘述的事實(shí)或看法的補(bǔ)充說明。s start.既然大家都到了,咱們就開始吧。如: As he was not feeling well, I decided to go there alone.由于他身體欠佳,我決定獨(dú)自去那里。 216。 because 引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句末,表示直接的原因或理由,表示產(chǎn)生那種結(jié)果的必然的因果關(guān)系,在回答 why的提問時(shí),必須用 because作答。 這四個(gè)詞都是表示原因或理由的連接詞,但是 as, because, since是從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句, for是并列連詞,所引導(dǎo)的不是原因狀語從句,而是表示理由的對(duì)等句子,是對(duì)前面所講內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充和說明。 award, prize, reward 作名詞時(shí), award 常指獎(jiǎng)金,獎(jiǎng)品; prize 多指在競(jìng)賽、競(jìng)爭中獲勝所贏得的獎(jiǎng); reward則指為某項(xiàng)勞動(dòng)或行為所付的酬金。如: I will wait for you at the school gate. 3 award, prize, reward award, reward 作動(dòng)詞。 3 await, wait await是及物動(dòng)詞。 wake常指 “ 睡醒 ” ,多為不及物動(dòng)詞。 awake, wake, waken 都可作動(dòng)詞。一次只一個(gè)人說。它常與表示數(shù)量的詞語連用,表示頻率。 216。 at one time= during a period of time in the past 意為“過去有一段時(shí)期”,“曾經(jīng)”。通常其后不帶“ of...”短語。例如: Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in 1989﹖ 1989年舊金山發(fā)
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