【正文】 因此，要解決中小企業(yè)融資難的問(wèn)題，我們必須了解中小企業(yè)。國(guó)內(nèi)銀行普遍缺乏對(duì)中小企業(yè)適用的金融產(chǎn)品，信用評(píng)價(jià)體系和保障體系。 （二）銀行體系的原因 進(jìn)出口銀行在促進(jìn)雙方在外資銀行的貿(mào)易起到了關(guān)鍵的作用，按照商業(yè)原則進(jìn)行管理經(jīng)營(yíng)，如管理不善和受失敗的可能性。其中利潤(rùn)是安全的根本目的是基本前提。機(jī)電設(shè)備進(jìn)口項(xiàng)目，例如，中小企業(yè)由于缺乏足夠的技術(shù)支持，一旦進(jìn)口設(shè)備沒(méi)有正常工作，或不能滿足工藝要求的最終用戶的情況，拒絕支付終端用戶面臨的問(wèn)題，導(dǎo)致貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。為此，雙方的進(jìn)出口企業(yè)的信用狀況，管理能力，進(jìn)出口貨物，價(jià)格，質(zhì)量，交貨期限，市場(chǎng)條件和匯率的變動(dòng)，以及企業(yè)生產(chǎn)率等許多因素都會(huì)影響貿(mào)易是否成功完成。如新聞紙，紙漿，化纖，鋼鐵，食糖，精制油，一旦國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，這些商品下降的價(jià)格，付款不能被回收，它們構(gòu)成了銀行資金的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。銀行短期融資往往是長(zhǎng)期占領(lǐng)的事實(shí)，嚴(yán)重影響了銀行資產(chǎn)的流動(dòng)性和安全。一些虧損企業(yè)管理混亂，信用較差，往往是由于缺乏資金和融資，貸款。相對(duì)于大型企業(yè)，中小企業(yè)貿(mào)易融資面臨更多的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，并因此面臨更多的困難。 中小企業(yè)的主要原因是貿(mào)易融資困難 國(guó)際貿(mào)易融資是依靠國(guó)際結(jié)算中的相關(guān)鏈接提供的相關(guān)中介，進(jìn)口商和出口商的結(jié)算方式的選擇將決定貿(mào)易融資的種類(lèi)和業(yè)務(wù)流程，通過(guò)沉降地區(qū)的融資，以加速企業(yè)的流動(dòng)資金，以解決企業(yè)應(yīng)收款項(xiàng)和外部金融的困難。與此同時(shí)，面對(duì)今年信貸緊縮新的形勢(shì)下，各種商業(yè)發(fā)展目標(biāo)瞄準(zhǔn)中小企業(yè)信貸市場(chǎng)。雖然中國(guó)的中小企業(yè)的操作模式和營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)比大型企業(yè)靈活，但融資困難比大企業(yè)高得多。由于消除非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家從事外貿(mào)的限制，越來(lái)越多的中小企業(yè)獲得外貿(mào)經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)。 中小企業(yè)是指注冊(cè)資金500萬(wàn)元以內(nèi)、總資產(chǎn)2000萬(wàn)元以下、年銷(xiāo)售額4000萬(wàn)元以下的企業(yè)。白立忱指出中國(guó)的中小企業(yè)約占99%的總?cè)藬?shù)的企業(yè)，產(chǎn)值占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的58%，出口量為68%，支付48%的稅，提供75%的城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。s trade finance products, understanding the characteristics of various products。s trade financing systemBanks to speed up the pace of reform, and actively adjust the credit structure, vigorously develop diversified financial services , especially in trade finance for SMEs should be conducted to financial services , and promote the development of SMEs. As soon as possible to formulate relevant laws and regulations, strengthening selfregulation as well as the construction of credit system for private security agencies to create a good living environment and guide private investment into the area of trade finance for SMEs. To create a policyoriented financial system for SMEs, and should gradually improve relevant systems, with a view to SME trade finance solution to the problem. The legislative branch should be integrated with the international trade in the actual work and future development trends, based on national conditions and also with international standards as soon as possible to establish a sound legal system for trade financing. Banks and SMEs should carefully examine the existing laws and regulations, analysis of international practices and China39。 the same time, small and medium enterprises in order to obtain bank support to a large extent determined by the enterprise itself, so enterprises will have to practice hard, Strength, and strive to create a good business performance. increase the capital supply side and the mutual munication between the lendersAt present, China mainly e from the banks lending to SMEs, therefore, allow banks to learn more about their business situation and future development prospects and timely payment of interest repayment, to maintain a good credit history. SMEs should also be understood that the bank39。s trade finance at risk. So, ignore the country and political risks, there are still potential risk loans. SME trade finance measures on the experience of developed countries in international trade financing. The developed countries in international trade financing, start early, rapid development, there are many success stories we can learn from: (1)To support national exportsDeveloped countries generally adhere to their export financing for the purchase of machinery and equipment and other modities. (2) The loan approval separationExport credit and guarantees for critical review of the project, and strive to ensure the repayment of loans. USA review the loan request transaction and decide to review the status of foreign importers and the creditworthiness of the property. (3)financing the diversification of funds.Mainly the state budget funds, multiparty to raise other funds. Western countries, the source of export financing relies mainly on the state budget, in addition, there are private funds and local funding. Such as Italy39。s financial policies and financial systems are based on stateowned enterprises, especially large stateowned enterprises as the main target of design implementation, the bank39。s import and export large number, but the overall poor efficiency. Some lossmaking enterprise management confusion, poor credit, often due to lack of funds and the use of financing, loans, letters of credit financing means packing cash in bank funds. Shortterm bank financing is often longterm occupation in fact, seriously affect the liquidity of banking assets, and security.，At the same time the existence of trade speculation course of business operations , for example, in a certain period, a difference larger domestic and foreign goods, domestic traders peting imports of such goods. Such as newsprint, pulp, chemical fiber, steel, sugar, refined oil, but once the domestic market prices of these modities decline, payment can not be recycled, they pose a risk to the bank funds. International import and export trade, from negotiation, contract to fulfillment is a kind of mercial credit. To this end, the two sides of the credit status of import and export enterprises, management capabilities, import and export of goods, price, quality, delivery period, market conditions and exchange rate movements as well as the productivity of enterprises and many other factors will affect the trade, whether it pleted successfully. During this period, any one part of a problem, are likely to lead to business failure, resulting in trade disputes and claims, a trade risk. To mechanical and electrical equipment imports the project, for example, SMEs due to lack of adequate technical support, once the imported equipment not working correctly, or can not meet the technical requirements of the enduser situation, refused to pay endusers will be faced with the problem, leading to the risk of lending. From the bank39。s small and medium enterprises and marketing initiatives and flexible than the large enterprises, the difficulty of financing have to much higher than on large enterprises. As the banks continue to develop new financing products,and work intensity increased, trade finance ine in total ine in the bank gradually increase the proportion. At the same time, the face of the credit crunch this year, the new situation, for va