【正文】 。讀書費(fèi)時(shí)過多易惰，文采藻飾太盛則矯，全憑條文斷事乃學(xué)究固態(tài)。其怡情也，最見于獨(dú)處幽居之時(shí)；其傅彩也，最見于高談闊論之中；其長(zhǎng)才也，最見于處世判事之際。 for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study。 to use them too much for ornament is affectation。 for ornament, is in discourse。 ? Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon the water, a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not plete sleep, or if sleep, that it was sleep with dreams. ? 漁舟三五，橫泊眼前，檣影斜映水上，仿若睡去，微有顫動(dòng)，似又未曾熟睡，恍若驚夢(mèng)。” Appreciate the following versions and map out what a petent translator should aim at. ? But Diana’s champions were overwhelmingly women. Like many of them, she had a heartless husband, inlaws from hell, and fickle boyfriends. ? 而擁戴黛安娜的絕大多數(shù)是婦女。 ? “ It’s an order from President Bush.” “I don’t care if it is from bush, tree, or grass.” ? “這是布什總統(tǒng)的命令。 thirdly, an art, which distinguishes good from undistinguished writing and is the creative, the intuitive, sometimes the inspired, level of the translation。 he is always pursuing facts and words. He works on four levels: translation is first a science, which entails the knowledge and verification of the facts and the language that describes them—here, what is wrong, mistakes of truth, can be identified。 ? 在英譯漢時(shí)，許多譯者認(rèn)為有五類漢語成語要慎用：一是 反映中華民族特殊習(xí)俗的 ，如義結(jié)金蘭、生辰八字、臥薪嘗膽等；二是 帶有漢字特征的 ，如一字長(zhǎng)蛇、有眼不識(shí)金鑲玉、目不識(shí)丁等；三是 含有中國(guó)地名的 ，如江東父老、逐鹿中原、樂不思蜀、廬山真面目等；四是 含有中國(guó)人名的 ，如東施效顰、廉頗老矣等；五是 涉及中國(guó)古老傳說或故事的 ，如三顧茅廬、暗渡陳倉等。 ? Curiously enough, he prophesied with oracular accuracy to the amazement of all. ? A：說也奇怪，他 像諸葛亮一樣 ，料事如神，大家都驚訝不已。 ? Like a son of Bachus, he can drink up two bottles of whisky at a breath. ? A：活像一位 天生的劉伶 ，他能夠一口氣喝光兩瓶威士忌。 ? Domestication emphasizes the naturalness and smoothness of the translation. ? Those strict proprieties of the old days are now regarded as a Procrustean bed. ? A：往日種種嚴(yán)格的禮節(jié)，如今已被視為 無理取鬧的玩意兒 。他靠一知半解的臨時(shí)抱佛腳居然考及格了，還受到了表揚(yáng)。如果馬奇諾防線恰如人民所說的那樣管用（ 它被聲稱的一切），那么法國(guó)會(huì)像從前一樣安全（ 法國(guó)的安全就像從前一樣大）；如果馬奇諾防線沒有什么用處，那么法國(guó)在任何情況下也是不安全的。 ? The reoccupation of the Rhineland did not affect France from the defensive point of view. If the Maginot line were all it claimed to be, then her security was as great as before。 ? 3， 忌過度異化 /歸化 ? 譯文帶有外國(guó)味，恐怕是難免。 ? 4） Big things look very small when they are far away. ? A. 當(dāng)大的東西離我們遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候，它們看起來就小了。 ? 3） He is so arrogant that no one will keep pany with him. ? A. 他是如此狂妄自大，以致誰也不愿與他相交。他的不雅的體型和他的姿勢(shì)呆板則是他的短處。 ? B. 它是一個(gè)老式的小港，但很重要。 ? 2，忌學(xué)生腔 ? 學(xué)生腔有種種表現(xiàn)：用詞生硬、呆板、重復(fù)、不自然，或是喜歡拋文，但又不恰當(dāng)，或把簡(jiǎn)單句子弄得很繞口，有時(shí)又喜歡套用固定程式，“因?yàn)?…… 所以”，“雖然 …… 但是”，“當(dāng) …… 的時(shí)候”這些，把好端端的文字譯得枯干蒼白，僵硬死板，淡而無味。 ? 2） Vast lawns extend like sheets of vivid green, with here and there clumps of gigantic trees, heaping up with rich piles of foliage. ? A. 草地寬闊，好像地上鋪了鮮艷的綠絨似的氈毯 ，巨樹數(shù)株，聚成一簇，綠葉濃密，一眼望去，草地上東一簇，西一簇，這類的大樹可不少。 ? 1) Their speeches were dressed up with as much care as though they were parliamentary harangues fashioned to the columns of the daily press. ? A. 他們的演說都經(jīng)過精心打扮，好像它們是日?qǐng)?bào)專欄上刊登的社會(huì)宏論似的。要做到這一點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該注意翻譯文字上的三忌： 啰嗦；學(xué)生腔；洋腔洋調(diào) 。原文平直無文，譯文也很難做到活潑生動(dòng)。若是翻譯小說、散文，流暢應(yīng)含有文字雅致優(yōu)美的意思；若是翻譯詩歌，最好還要講究抑揚(yáng)頓挫、押韻合轍；翻譯社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)文章，則要求明白曉暢。 ? 2) We have no spring here. ? 我們這里沒有春天 /彈簧 /泉水。 ? Do you have a family? ? 你有孩子了嗎？ ? The translator should read the whole piece of writing carefully, try to grasp the ideological content the author wants to express and make clear not only the literal meanings but also the implications between the lines. ? 1) Please tell me if you can help us. ? 如果你能幫忙，請(qǐng)說一聲。 ? Calculation never makes a hero. ? 舉棋不定永遠(yuǎn)成不了英雄。 ? I have no opinion of him. ? 我覺得他不怎么樣。 ? Her mother died of difficult labor. ? 她母親死于難產(chǎn)。 ? She sighed for her mother. ? 她很懷念母親。