【正文】
今年招生數(shù)是去年招生數(shù)的 4倍; 今年招生數(shù)已增加到去年招生數(shù)的 4倍。 今年招生數(shù)是去年招生數(shù)的 4倍; 今年招生數(shù)已增加到去年招生數(shù)的 4倍。 漢語表達(dá)增加或減少時(shí),也可使用百分比表示,但均表示凈增加或凈減少的概念。英語不管基數(shù),其倍數(shù)都包括基數(shù)。英語的倍數(shù)可表增加,也可表示減少。 The door clicked shut 汽車 “ 嗖 ” 的一聲從身邊過去了。例如: 砰 !槍響了 一聲 。 一包香煙 — a packet of cigarettes 一連士兵 — a pany of soldiers 三堆雞蛋 —three heaps of eggs 四排房子 — four blocks of houses 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 95 3. 漢語動(dòng)量詞可譯為英語的形容詞、動(dòng)詞或感嘆詞等。 1. 不 必譯出,直接將數(shù)詞或不定冠詞置于數(shù)名詞之前 。 the Four Virtues are gold heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment.) ? 五個(gè)統(tǒng)籌 ? 譯文: the “five balances” (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world) 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 90 四害 four pests (rats, bedbugs, flies and mosquitoes) 四舊 four olds (old ideology, culture, customs and habits) 三反運(yùn)動(dòng) movement against three evils (corruption, waste and bureaucracy) 三個(gè)面向 three directions to face (the direction of the world, future, and modernization) 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 91 直接 三 通 三 好學(xué)生 三 角債 三 陪服務(wù) tripleA Students (ie. Good in academic achievement, moral qualities and physical state) three direct links between Taiwan and the mainland:direct crossStrait trade, air and shipping, and postal services chain debts or debt chains escort services 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 92 一級(jí) /初級(jí)處理 一次性收入 二級(jí)市場(chǎng) 一次性付清 一次用相機(jī) single/primary treatment pay in full lumpsum payment parallel market singleuse camera 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 93 一次消費(fèi) 一次成像照片 一次性杯子 一次性筷子 一次性塑料袋 一次用包裝 onetimeconsumption; a Polaroid picture; disposable plastic bags nonreturnable container; sanitary cup; disposable chopsticks; 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 94 量詞的英譯 英語 中沒有量詞,數(shù)詞或不定冠詞可直接置于數(shù)名詞之前表示數(shù)量。 比較簡(jiǎn)短的詞匯也可以 省譯數(shù)字 ,補(bǔ)出其實(shí)際內(nèi)容。 ? Shop assistants in some staterun shops are frosty in manner, repelling customers from a distance. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 88 數(shù)詞與政治術(shù)語連用 漢語中一些政治詞匯常與數(shù)字連用, 英譯時(shí),一般可以 直譯 。 ? But they were too late for a rescue. ? 此地?zé)o銀 三百兩 。 You must seize this opportunity. It is a chance of lifetime. 三回五次,他留 了 下來,在 村 里吃了一日酒 , 已有七八分醉了。 Wish you still greater progress. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 86 別三心二意了 , 就這樣辦吧 。 You should not have said anything about the matter. 他三句話不離本行 。 ? Once bitten, twice shy. ? 一日之計(jì)在于晨。發(fā)展是動(dòng)力,平等是前提,互利是目的。 ? The past five centuries witnessed great development in Chinese drama. ? 普及工作若是停留在一個(gè)水平上,那么教育者和被教育者豈不都是 半斤八兩 ? ? If popularization remains at the same level for ever, will not the educators and those being educated be six of one and half a dozen of the other? ? 那時(shí)她正值二八妙齡。 Xue Pan had hastened to register himself as a pupil. His schoolgoing was, needless to say, a pretence“one day fishing and two days to dry the ” as they sayand had nothing to do with the advancement of learning . 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 82 ? 她買了 24本 雜志。有的數(shù)字雖然可以直譯,但是與譯入語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣不協(xié)調(diào),甚至引起歧義。 a ninestoried tower rises from a heap of earth。 Our men, a million strong, have crossed the river great. 合抱之木,生于毫末, 九層 之臺(tái),起于累土; 千里 之行始于足下。 Though many beauties were in the palace, More than three thousand of them. All his favors were centered on her. 黛玉笑道: “ 你說你會(huì) ‘ 過目不忘 ’ ,難道我就不能 ‘ 一目十行 ’ 了! ” 譯文 :“ You boast that you can ?memorize a passage with one reading!? Why can?t I learn ten lines at a glance!” 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 80 鐘山風(fēng)雨起蒼黃, 百萬 雄師過大江。 ? An ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom. ? 一寸光陰一寸金。 ? Generals laid down their lives in hundred battles。 例如: 一個(gè)和尚挑水吃,兩個(gè)和尚抬水吃,三個(gè)和尚沒水吃 譯文 1: One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 譯文 2: Everyone?s business is nobody?s business. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 77 數(shù)字的翻譯方法: 1) 保留數(shù)字直譯 2) 變動(dòng)數(shù)字改譯 3)舍棄數(shù)字意譯 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 78 ? ? 你好像一夜之間長高了十英寸。 a narrow escape from death no risk at all in for a penny, in for a pound a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit Once bit , twice shy. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 76 形象性原則 漢英語言中數(shù)字與其他詞組合成短語時(shí),一般都具有一定的形象意義,這種形象內(nèi)涵豐富,具有較強(qiáng)的民族特性,有的源于典故,有的源于宗教,有的與人們的日常生活有著密切的聯(lián)系,數(shù)字的模糊意義有助于短語的形象更為生動(dòng),更為鮮明。 In the Soviet Union, those who once extolled Stalin to the skies have now in one swoop consigned him to purgatory. Here in China some people are following their example. It is the opinion of the Central Committee that Stalin?s mistakes amounted to only 30 percent of the whole and his achievements to 70 percent, and that all things considered Stalin was noheless a great Marxist. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 75 通俗性原則: 在漢英語言中,都有大量含有模糊數(shù)字的習(xí)語短語,包括成語、俗語、諺語和歇后語等,英譯時(shí)對(duì)其數(shù)字的處理,或取或舍,應(yīng)以習(xí)慣為準(zhǔn)則,不應(yīng)強(qiáng)求數(shù)字的字面對(duì)等。我們國內(nèi)也有人跟著轉(zhuǎn)。雪 》 ) 英語: a thousand and one ways 千方百計(jì) the eleventh hour 最后時(shí)刻,危急的時(shí)刻 a thousand away 千里之遙 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 73 翻譯模糊數(shù)字時(shí)常需考慮以下三個(gè)原則: 民族性原則 通俗性原則 形象性原則 民族性原則: 不同的民族有不同的文化背景和語言表達(dá)習(xí)慣,數(shù)字的模糊用法一般具有鮮明的民族性。(白居易 《 長恨歌 》 北國風(fēng)光, 千里 冰封, 萬里 雪飄。(李白 《 望廬山瀑布 》 ) 爾來 四萬八千歲 ,不見秦塞通人煙。 模糊語義的數(shù)字都不是 表示具體數(shù)目的實(shí)數(shù) ,而是表示模糊語義的虛數(shù),泛指 其數(shù)量之多,程度之大,范圍之廣,時(shí)間之長,距離之遙等, 在特定的語境中,模糊數(shù)字的語義外延擴(kuò)大延伸,給人以更大的思索和想象空間,同時(shí)也給譯者更大的發(fā)揮和再創(chuàng)造余地。 evade or deny all responsibility 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 70 數(shù)詞英譯的難點(diǎn)在于以下幾方面: 模糊數(shù)詞。 be all split up casting all caution to the winds。 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 69 一推六二五 九九歸一 四分五裂 不管三七二十一 forty winks cloud nine Third House 非常幸福 對(duì)立法機(jī)關(guān)施加壓力的集團(tuán) 小睡(特指午睡) when all is said and done 。 數(shù)詞的虛義