【正文】 其本質(zhì)是，采用信息技術(shù)對傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)（包括軍、民機(jī)械工業(yè)）進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造。數(shù)控技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為制造業(yè)自動(dòng)化的核心技術(shù)和基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)。 　　以上這些優(yōu)越性是前人想象不到的，是一個(gè)極為重大的突破。 由以上五條派生的好處。 可實(shí)現(xiàn)多工序的集中，減少零件 在機(jī)床間的頻繁搬運(yùn)。數(shù)控機(jī)床只要更換一個(gè)程序，就可實(shí)現(xiàn)另一工件加工的自動(dòng)化，從而使單件和小批生產(chǎn)得以自動(dòng)化，故被稱為實(shí)現(xiàn)了柔性自動(dòng)化。 可以實(shí)現(xiàn)加工的自動(dòng)化，而且是柔性自動(dòng)化，從而效率可比傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床提高3～7倍。 可以加工出傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床加工不出來的曲線、曲面等復(fù)雜的零件。（3）引入故障診斷專家系統(tǒng) ?。?）智能化數(shù)字伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置 　 可以通過自動(dòng)識別負(fù)載，而自動(dòng)調(diào)整參數(shù)，使驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)獲得最佳的運(yùn)行。 （1）應(yīng)用自適應(yīng)控制技術(shù) 　　數(shù)控系統(tǒng)能檢測過程中一些重要信息，并自動(dòng)調(diào)整系統(tǒng)的有關(guān)參數(shù)，達(dá)到改進(jìn)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的目的。 　向高速化和高精度化發(fā)展 　　這是適應(yīng)機(jī)床向高速和高精度方向發(fā)展的需要。PC機(jī)所具有的友好的人機(jī)界面，將普及到所有的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。 數(shù)控未來發(fā)展的趨勢 　繼續(xù)向開放式、基于PC的第六代方向發(fā)展 　　基于PC所具有的開放性、低成本、高可靠性、軟硬件資源豐富等特點(diǎn)，更多的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)廠家會走上這條道路。 　　總之，計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控階段也經(jīng)歷了三代。 　　到了1990年，PC機(jī)的性能已發(fā)展到很高的階段，可以滿足作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)核心部件的要求。早期的微處理器速度和功能雖還不夠高，但可以通過多處理器結(jié)構(gòu)來解決。這是因?yàn)樾⌒陀?jì)算機(jī)功能太強(qiáng)，控制一臺機(jī)床能力有富裕（故當(dāng)時(shí)曾用于控制多臺機(jī)床，稱之為群控），不如采用微處理器經(jīng)濟(jì)合理。到1971年，美國INTEL公司在世界上第一次將計(jì)算機(jī)的兩個(gè)最核心的部件運(yùn)算器和控制器，采用大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)集成在一塊芯片上，稱之為微處理器（MICROPROCESSOR），又可稱為中央處理單元（簡稱CPU）。 計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控（CNC）階段（1970年～現(xiàn)在） 　　到1970年，通用小型計(jì)算機(jī)業(yè)已出現(xiàn)并成批生產(chǎn)。人們不得不采用數(shù)字邏輯電路搭成一臺機(jī)床專用計(jì)算機(jī)作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，被稱為硬件連接數(shù)控（HARDWIRED NC），簡稱為數(shù)控（NC）。近半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)階段和六代的發(fā)展。　　6年后，即在1952年，計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到了機(jī)床上，在美國誕生了第一臺數(shù)控機(jī)床。 The smallest motion unit is .數(shù)控機(jī)床改造1 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展簡史及趨勢 1946年誕生了世界上第一臺電子計(jì)算機(jī)，這表明人類創(chuàng)造了可增強(qiáng)和部分代替腦力勞動(dòng)的工具。 Maximum speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 3000/1000/600 mm/Min。 Retained the original main axle system and the cooling system。 The engine bed smallest migration unit is .3rd, transforms the X53 milling machine with SIEMENS 802S In 2000, the pany invests 120,000 Yuan, with German Simens the 802S numerical control system, stepbysteps the actuation system is the X53 milling machine carries on X, Y, the Z three axle numerical control transformation to pany39。 The manual speed is 400mm/Min。 The transformation two axes have used the roller lead screw and with the ambulacrum transmission system on the machinery. Entire transformation work including machine design, electrical design, engine bed overhaul and entire machine installment and debugging. After the lathe transforms, processing effective stroke X/The Z axis respectively is 。. The engine bed three coordinates linkage may plete each kind of plex curve or the curved surface processing.2nd, transforms the C6140 lathe with GSK980T and the exchange servo drive system sds In 2000, with Guangzhou numerical control plant production GSK980T numerical control system, the DA98 exchange servo unit and 4 locations automatic tool rests to an electrical machinery branch factory C6140 lathe X, the Z two axes carries on the numerical control transformation。 Manual speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 3000/1000/500 mm/Min。 The transformation three axle has used the roller lead screw and the gear drive organization on the machinery. The entire transformation work including the machine design, the electrical design, the PLC procedure establishment and the debugging, the engine bed overhaul, finally is the entire machine installment and the debugging. After the milling machine transforms, processing effective stroke X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 。s model。 Maintenance maintenance request。 When start moment of force and movement the moment of force approaches, may reduce the electrical machinery to start the moment of force. Therefore may satisfiedly pare the high accuracy ponents processing request. safe protection The effect must take the security as a premise. Transforms in the engine bed must take the corresponding measure according to the actual situation, cuts noticeable. The ball bearing guide screw vice is the precision part, when the work must take strict precautions against the dust is specially the scrap and the hard sand grains enters the roller conveyer. On longitudinal guide screw also coca overall sheet iron safety mask. The big carriage with skids two end surfaces which the guide rail contacts to have to seal, prevented absolutely the flinty granulated foreign matter enters the sliding surface damage guide rail.Sixth, After the engine bed electrical system transformation, to operates, the programmers inevitably brings the new request. Therefore ahead of time carries on new system knowledge training to the operator and the programmers to be extremely important, after otherwise will affect the transformation the engine bed rapid investment production. The training content should include the new operation kneading board disposition, the function, the instruction meaning generally。 Is advantageous for the operation and the service. When engine bed numerical control transformation should meet the above requirements as far as possible. Cannot think the numerical control installment and the ordinary engine bed connects in has met the numerical control engine bed requirements together, but also should carry on the corresponding transformation to the major ponent to enable it to achieve the certain design request, can obtain the anticipated transformation goal. skids guide rail Said to the numerical control lathe that, the guide rail besides should have the conventional lathe guidance precision and the technology capability, but also must have good bears the friction, the attrition characteristic, and the reduction but sends the dead area because of the friction drag. At the same time must have the enough rigidity, by reduces the guide rail to distort to processes the precision the influence, must have the reasonable guide rail protection and the lubrication. gear The mon engine bed gear mainly concentrates in the headstock and the gear box. In order to guarantee the transmission precision, on the numerical control engine bed uses the gear precision class is all higher than the ordinary engine bed. Must be able to achieve the ceaseless transmission in the structure, thus transforms time, the engine bed main gear must satisfy the numerical control engine bed the request, by guarantees the engine bed processing precision. skids the guide screw and the ball bearing guide screw The guide screw transmission relates directly to the transmission chain precision. The guide screw selects mainly is decided request