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基于matlab的信號波形與頻譜分析(參考版)

2025-01-21 15:02本頁面
  

【正文】 功能工具包用來擴充MATLAB的符號計算,可視化建模仿真,控制工具包,信號處理工具包,通信工具包等都屬于此類。 MATLAB 產(chǎn)品族可以用來進行: 數(shù)值分析 數(shù)值和符號計算 工程與科學繪圖控制系統(tǒng)的設計與方針數(shù)字圖像處理 數(shù)字信號處理 通訊系統(tǒng)設計與仿真 財務與金融工程。目前MATLAB產(chǎn)品的工具箱有四十多個,分別涵蓋了數(shù)據(jù)獲取、科學計算、控制系統(tǒng)設計與分析、數(shù)字信號處理、數(shù)字圖像處理、金融財務分析以及生物遺傳工程等專業(yè)領域。一般來說,用戶可以在極短的時間內(nèi)掌握MATLAB解決簡單的問題,由于MATLAB的這些特點,它現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為科研工作和工作仿真的高級助手。這些工具箱應用的算法是開放的可擴展的,用戶不僅可以查看其中的算法,還可以針對一些算法進行修改,甚至允許開發(fā)自己的算法擴充工具箱的功能。這樣就可以擴展MATLAB功能,使MATLAB能夠同其他高級編程語言例如 C/C++ 語言進行混合應用,取長補短,以提高程序的運行效率,豐富程序開發(fā)的手段。它的基礎是矩陣計算,但是由于他的開放性,并且mathwork也吸收了想maple等軟件的優(yōu)點,使MATLAB成為一個強大的數(shù)學軟件。MATLAB 是 MATLAB 產(chǎn)品家族的基礎,它提供了基本的數(shù)學算法,例如矩陣運算、數(shù)值分析算法,它集成了 2D 和 3D 圖形功能,以完成相應數(shù)值可視化的工作,并且提供了一種交互式的高級編程語言—— M 語言,利用 M 語言可以通過編寫腳本或者函數(shù)文件實現(xiàn)用戶自己的算法。s own algorithm. ATLAB unit is the basic data matrix, and the mathematical expression of the directive, monly used in the form of projects are very similar, they use MATLAB to solving problems than with C, FORTRAN languages such as End of the same things much more simple. It is based on the matrix, but because of his openness, and would like to mathwork also absorbed the advantages of software such as maple, MATLAB bee a powerful mathematical software MATLAB Compiler Compiler is a tool that can be provided by those who use MATLAB programming language M language document prepared by the function of Health piled a library, an executable file COM ponent, and so on. This will extend MATLAB functions to be with other senior MATLAB programming languages such as C / C + + languages mixed applications, strong points to improve the operating efficiency of procedures, procedures for the development of the means rich. Using M language has also developed a corresponding number of MATLAB professional tool box culvert for users to directly use. Toolbox application of these algorithms is open to expansion, the user can not only see the algorithm can also be modified for some algorithm, or even allow developers to expand their algorithm toolbox functions. MATLAB toolbox current products have more than 40, respectively, covers the data acquisition, scientific puting, control system design and analysis, digital signal processing, digital image processing, finance and financial analysis of genetic engineering and other professional fields. Industrialization is a programming language. MATLAB product family can be used for: numerical values and symbols of engineering and scientific puting graphics control system design and principles of digital image processing digital signal processing munications system design and simulation of the Finance and Financial Engineering MATLAB, including the currently popular with hundreds of functions within the main pack 30 and several tool kits (Toolbox). Kits can be divided into functional tool kits and tool kits disciplines. Functional tool kits used to expand the symbolic putation MATLAB , Visual modeling and simulation, word processing and realtime control functions. Disciplinary tool kit is relatively strong professional tool kits and tool kits control, signal processing tool kit, munications tool kits and so are such.MATLAB名稱源自 Matrix Laboratory ,它是一種科學計算軟件,專門以矩陣的形式處理數(shù)據(jù)。我也學到了許多從來沒有接觸過的知識,我知道課本上的知識只是學習海洋中的一滴水而已,我深深的感受到在遼寧科技大學信息技術學院的學習是我在人生道路上寫下了光輝的一頁,它將永遠激勵我勤奮學習,努力工作,我將以更優(yōu)異的成績回報我的母校。周老師平日里工作繁多,但在我做畢業(yè)設計的每個階段,從選題到查閱資料,論文提綱的確定,中期論文的修改,后期論文格式調(diào)整等各個環(huán)節(jié)中都給予了我悉心的指導。在這里首先,衷心的感謝周紅艷老師對我的指導和幫助。作為一個本科生的畢業(yè)設計,由于經(jīng)驗的匱乏,難免有許多考慮不周全的地方。,有幾十種工具箱可用于各類科研需要,這可縮短科研周期。、圖像、聲音、動畫等表述計算結果。通過本次設計我對MATLAB在信號處理中優(yōu)點的認識有以下幾點:,把繁瑣的計算交給計算機去完成?;谝陨显颍疚幕贛ATLAB中的圖形用戶界面設計,即GUI編程技術對數(shù)字信號處理中的離散信號的分析與應用中的頻譜相關問題進行了一定的探討與分析。它以其使用方便,輸入簡捷,運算高效,內(nèi)容豐富,并且可由用戶自行擴展等特點而深受廣大使用者的青睞。試驗結果還表明,通過改變蝸殼型線可以有效地降低該風機的旋轉噪聲從頻譜圖中可以看出在相同運行條件下,不同型線蝸殼的旋轉噪聲峰值相差約7dB,且諧頻峰值也明顯不同。由旋轉噪聲頻率計算公式f=nZ/60可知,該風機旋轉噪聲的主頻率應為590Hz。運行上述程序,得到的葉輪直徑為500mm的919風機在設計工況點附近運行時的噪聲頻譜如圖1和圖2所示:圖1中的頻率坐標是線性坐標,而圖2為對數(shù)坐標,圖中的縱坐標是未經(jīng)標定的分貝值。plot(f,10*log10(pxxi),.r.)。holdon。[pxx,f]=pwelch(yy1,2048,32000,hannning(512),0)。yy1=filter(b,a,y1)。 %用帶通濾波器對噪聲信號進行數(shù)字濾波[b,a]=butter(8,[60,15200]/16000,.band2pass.)。y1=c1(:,2)。c1=fscanf(fid1.%, g.,[2inf])。c=c.y=(c,2:)。文本文件,并將數(shù)據(jù)讀入向量y和y1fid=fopen(.9 19 yuan 10k .)。采樣頻率為32000Hz,采樣點數(shù)為10000點,采集的數(shù)據(jù)文件以普通的文本格式保存,試驗中使用的數(shù)據(jù)采集卡型號是PCI9118HG,在MATLAB的M文件編輯器中編寫以下程序,對采集到的通風機噪聲信號進行頻譜分析。Wn是期望的截止頻率,ftype用于指定濾波器的類型,截止頻率必須以歸一化頻率形式給出,即指定的數(shù)值是實際頻率與信號采樣頻率一半的比值例如:[b,a]=butter(8,[60,15200]/16000,band2pass.)指定的帶通濾波器階數(shù)為8,帶通頻率為60~15200Hz,采樣頻率為32000Hz。y是濾波后的信號序列。Pwelch函數(shù)是PSD分析是最常用到的函數(shù),該函數(shù)的調(diào)用格式有多種,最常用的調(diào)用格式是:[Pxx,f]=pwelch(x,nfft,Fs,window,noverlap) ()式中 x————待分析的信號序列Nfft———要計算的傅立葉變換點數(shù),一般把該參數(shù)指定為2的冪,以使執(zhí)行速度更快Fs————
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