【正文】 antiboxing Bills proposed in parliament have failed to reach the statute books. Most schools, both state and public, however, have dropped boxing from their physical education curriculum. Yet it should be noted that amateur boxing is exceptionally well regulated: not more than four rounds are fought, headguards are worn, and the referee is allowed to stop a fight to prevent serious injury. However, headguards, whilst absorbing energy from punches, present an even larger target to be hit and thus the number of blows striking home may well increase. Indeed, studies have shown that nonboxing sportsmen outperform even amateur fighters in neurological tests and, notwithstanding the safety precautions, three amateur fighters have suffered serious brain injury in British rings since 1988. For centuries boxing has been the epitome of overt masculinity, a demonstration of manliness and its embodying characteristics of courage, toleration of pain, and selfdiscipline. Women were merely ornaments displaying the round cards. This continues, but women have successfully demanded equal rights in the ring. In Britain, girls from the age of 10 are now allowed to spar in amateur boxing gyms, and recently professionalism, too, has been recognized for women — significantly later than its acceptance in the US where fights for women have appeared on the undercard of world championship events. The moral dilemma of boxing is that it provides an honest opportunity to escape poverty, but it also means for some a legal beating and for all the threat of permanent damage. Hitting below the belt is outlawed to protect the genitals, but surely the brain deserves even more protection, by reducing the concussive power of the boxing glove, developing safer headgear, excluding the head as a target — or by banning the sport altogether. The issue is not how hazardous boxing is but whether the hazards are acceptable. The term autism refers to a cluster of conditions appearing early in childhood. All involve severe impairments in social interaction, munication, imaginative abilities, and rigid, repetitive behaviors. To be。s condition between rounds and may remend that the contest be stopped. Doctors also examine each boxer at the conclusion of fights and paramedic teams must be on hand at all boxing bills. The medical profession in several countries has increasingly adopted an antiboxing stance, citing irreversible brain damage as its major objection to the sport. This is a key point for, in absolute terms of deaths and serious injuries, other sports such as horseracing, mountaineering, rugby, and even cricket appear more dangerous, but in none of them is deliberate and repeated striking of an opponent part of the rules of the game. In contrast a boxer has a licence for physical assault. The evidence is clear that repeated pummelling to the head can cause cumulative damage to the brain: here time is no great healer. Occasionally, acute brain injury can occur during a fight. The greatest danger es towards the end when a tired man with a loose neck has his head flipped back rapidly by a punch. This can tear a vein outside or inside the brain, which then leaks blood, causing pressure on the brain and eventually leading to a a. Only if the clot is removed rapidly can the fighter survive. Fighters now train harder。s Rules of 1743 eradicated some of the barbarism by outlawing the hitting of a man when he was down, and the seizing of hair or the body below the waist, but they still permitted butting. Yet it was not the brutality of the prizering which brought its demise, but the corruption with which it became associated. The revival of the sport as boxing in late Victorian Britain saw several changes designed to render it more civilized. Although some of the old practices continued for a while — even the famous Queensbury Rules initially allowed endurance contests — by the turn of the century the general picture was one of boxing in gloves, limitedtime rounds, points decisions after a fixed number of rounds had elapsed, and weight divisions, though the latter have accentuated problems of dehydration as fighters struggle to ‘make the weight’. For much of the twentieth century the history of boxing has been one of crumbling resistance to changes intended to protect further the brains and bodies of participants. Between 1984 and 1993 eight boxers had died soon after fights in the UK。s hands, protected only by having been soaked in brine. With their bination of boxing and wrestling moves, early contests were literally ‘no holds barred’。 he then had half a minute39。 boxing is a human bloodsport in which the intention is to hurt one39。在工程實施中，做到分工清晰、責任明確、監(jiān)督有力、執(zhí)行嚴格、獎罰分明。 E 建立健全安全生產(chǎn)責任制度 建立健全安全生產(chǎn)責任制度，并在工程進展中不斷完善安全生產(chǎn)責任制。 完成本單位“百日安全無事故”及“安全年”目標，按有關(guān)規(guī)定給予獎勵。 C 安全生產(chǎn)抵押金制度 企業(yè)內(nèi)部安全管理實施安全風險抵押金辦法，安全目標實現(xiàn)金額返回。 B 安全生產(chǎn)協(xié)議制度 在進場施工前，與建設(shè)方簽訂施工安全協(xié)議 書。 4）對工程安全事故的調(diào)查處理，必須做到查明事故發(fā)生原因，查明事故責任單位及主要責任者，提出防止類似事故再次發(fā)生的措施。 2）工程重大事故發(fā)生后，項目部立即用電話或電傳報告所屬監(jiān)理單位駐現(xiàn)場有關(guān)人員、（業(yè)主）建設(shè)單位； 3）工程安全事故發(fā)生后，事故發(fā)生單位在三天內(nèi)向建設(shè)單位提出書面報告，并按規(guī)定逐級上報。 4）溝槽、人（手）孔開工前，需事先與有關(guān)部門聯(lián)系，共同對徑路范圍內(nèi)的地下構(gòu)筑物等設(shè)備的管、線狀況，采用交底、地下管線控測儀或人工探挖手段查明情況，做好詳細記錄，并在現(xiàn)場作出明顯的標志，防止施工損壞。 2）設(shè)置專職維修人員，負責機械設(shè)備及車輛的維修工作，做到每日一小查，每周一大查。在進行以上作業(yè)時，除按規(guī)定穿戴好勞保用品外 ，還須在作業(yè)現(xiàn)場設(shè)好安全防護人員。 11）嚴格執(zhí)行《中華人民共和國消防條例》及本單位的規(guī)定，配備足夠的消防器材和防火警示標牌，全面貫徹“預防為主，防消結(jié)合”的方針。 9）施工用電必須按臨時用電操作規(guī)范執(zhí)行，工棚嚴禁使用明火、煤氣、電爐等，杜絕火災事故源頭。 7）施工人員和其他允許進入施工現(xiàn)場的所有人員進入施工作業(yè)區(qū)必須配帶安全帽。重點做好作業(yè)準備，作業(yè)防，行人、車輛的疏導，確保施工的安全。執(zhí)行出工點名制，在下達當天生產(chǎn)任務(wù)同時，必須布置安全措施有安全注意司項。 3）對有可能影響交通安全的施工項目必須做到： 未簽訂施工安全協(xié)議書，不行施工； 安全責任人不到位不得施工； 監(jiān)理人員不到位不得施工； 配合單位人員不到位的不得施工； 沒有制定安全措施和防范措施不得施工。 2）必須在施工許可證后，方可進場施工。工棚嚴禁使用明火、煤氣、電爐等。凡生產(chǎn)、生活臨時用電，須根據(jù)批準的申請用電計謀接通供電。 5）建立通信保障體系，施工現(xiàn)場配置對講機。定時定人做好工棚消毒工作。對工地來往人員必須進行健康狀況及由來去向登記。增強防護職責。 2）加強使用當?shù)貏趧?wù)工的安全教育，簽訂安全協(xié)議，并派專人負責管理和指導。 3） 開展安全預想活動，并納入項目考核指標。 1） 完成本單位“百日安全無事故”及“安全年”目標，按有關(guān)規(guī)定給予獎勵。 2）企業(yè)內(nèi)部安全管理實施安全風險抵押金辦法，安全目標實現(xiàn)全