【正文】 s notion about electricity? A) 。s natural science. D) Russell39。s where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation. 1. The purpose of the controlled experiment is . A) to explain why things happen B) to explain how things happen C) to forms the basis of scientific investigation D) to prove accepted theories 2. For two thousand years, scientific thought was most influenced by . A) selfevident principles. B) Thales39。 it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell.” Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from selfevident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a selfevident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that39。 their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first speculated (設(shè)想 ) on the electrification of amber (琥珀 ). Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces really are. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says, “is not a thing, like St. Paul39。 might be lost: it crumbles more slowly than paper does. It also permits the publication of monographs and dissertations (學位論文 ), which have small audiences, for less cost than printing. Complete files of historically important magazines that are now practically impossible to obtain are currently at the service of a small library. In many reference rooms, files of the New York Times and other frequently consulted newspapers and periodicals sit in microfilm boxes next to a viewing projector. The machine bears instructions, but if you need help getting the thing to work, ask a librarian. Once you have the film on the machine, you crank (啟動 ) till you e to the very page you are looking for. Some projection machines will print out a photocopy of any page. 1. Which of the followingis not the advantage of microfilm mentained in the passage? A) It costs less than printing. B) It decays more slowly than paper. C) It is more convenient than books. D) It takes up less space than books 2. The purpose of citing New York Times as an example is . A) to increase its popularity. B) to advise readers to make use of it. C) to provide an example of frequently consulted newspaper. D) to ask the user to photocopy it 3. If you have difficulty in running the projector, what should you do? A) consult other publication instead. B) put the film on the machine. C) read the instructions. D) turn to a librarian. 4. The word fateful in the first paragraph means . A) critical B) dead C) fatal D) urgent 5. The passage deals mainly with ______ . A) modern facilities in the library B) microfilm in the library C) sources of information D) printing materials preserved on microfilm Passage 10 In science the meaning of the word explain suffers with civilization39。 t it be great to see the front page of a newspaper for December 8, 1941, the day the . Congress declared war? Or to quote from an editorial published on that fateful day? Microfilm is small photographic film that contains the images of printed pages in reduced form. A whole week39。s spiritual horizons 4. The passage suggests that, pared with sequoias, other trees have ________ . A) been in existence longer B) adapted moer readily to their environrnents C) been affected more by animals D) had a closer relationship with people 5. What is the passage mainly about.? A) Trees grow to great heights. B) Trees have been important to people throughout history. C) Trees make humans seem superior. D) Trees that grow in California are very old.. Passage 9 Most libraries now take advantage of microfilm to store newspapers and other materials that would otherwise take up acres of valuable shelf space. If you aren39。s spiritual horizons. Trees expressed the grandeur, and mystery of life, as they moved through the cycle of seasons, from life to death. and back to life again. Trees were the largest living things around humans and they knew that some trees had been standing on the same spot in their parents’ and grandparents39。s . A) nationality B) medical training C) field of research D) profession 4. According to the passage, we can conclude that Galen . A) taught and practiced medicine in Greece B) shocked the medical men of his time with his research C) made some incorrect statements about the human body D) refused to let Roman religious beliefs interfere with his research 5 The passage is mainly concerned with _______ . A) three important contributors to the science of anatomy B) the circulation of blood in the huntan body C) the differences between animal and human anatomy D) restriction on anatomical research in medical historv Passage 8 The oldest living things on Earth are trees. Some of California39。s theory of blood circulation. Although Harvey39。s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked 5. The best title for this passage would be . A) Don39。s advice to the reader? A) Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should no