【正文】 s 65,000 car theft cases a year. Since 1986, when the effort began, the state39。C was to _______. A) study the deposition of nitrogen B) show that cutting down trees produces better crops C) consider the effect of heat on the soil D) study the way in which rain causes erosion in the tropics. 30. The change mentioned in the last sentence is called ―irreversible‖ because, under the conditions mentioned, _________. A) plants cannot reproduce effectively B) there is nothing that man can do to stop it C) plants find difficulty in growing 7 E) desert conditions are created Passage Three Opportunities for rewarding work bee fewer for both men and woman as they grow older. After age 40, job hunting bees even more difficult. Many workers would rather stay at jobs than face the possible rejections. Our youthoriented, throwaway culture sees little value in older people. In writer Lilian Hellman‘ words, they have ―the wisdom that es with age that we cannot make use of ‖. Unemployment and economic need for work is higher among older women, especially minorities, than among younger white women. A national council reports these findings: Though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women hold a job longer with less absenteeism(缺勤 )， performs as well or better, are more reliable, and more willing to learn than men or younger women. Yet many older women earn poor pay and face a future of poverty in their retirement years. When ― sexism meets ageism, poverty is no longer on the doorstep it moves in ‖, according to Tish somers, director of a special study on older women for the National Organization for women. Yet a 1981 report on the White House Conference on aging shows that as a group, older Americans are the ― wealthiest, best fed, best housed, healthiest, most selfreliant older population in our history.‖ This statement is a small fort to those living below the poverty line, but it does explode some of the old traditional beliefs and fears. Opportunities for moving in and up in a large pany may shrink but many older people begin successful small businesses, volunteer in satisfying activities, and stay active for many years. They have few role models because in previous generations the life span was much shorter and expectations of life were fewer. They are ploughing new ground. Employers are beginning to recognize that the mature person can bring a great deal of stability and responsibility to a position. One doesn‘t lose ability and experience on the eve of one‘s 65th or 70th birthday evening more than one grows up instantly at age 21. 31. After the age 40, _______ . A) many workers tend to stick to their present jobs B) most workers are tired of their present jobs C) people still wish to hunt for more suitable jobs D) people find their jobs more rewording than before 32. From Hellman‘s remark, we can see that ______. 8 A) full use has been made of the wisdom of older people B) the wisdom of older people is of great value to American society C) older people are no less intelligent than young people D) the wisdom of older people is not valued by American society 33. Tish Somers argues that ______. A) more people have e to believe in sexism and ageism B) old women usually perform better in their jobs C) the major cause of the poverty of older women is sexism D) older women find it hard to escape poverty 34. According to paragraph 3 , it can be seen that older Americans ______ . A) have more job opportunities than young people B) have new opportunities to remain active in society C) live below the poverty line D) no longer believe in the promise of a happy life upon a retirement 35. It can be concluded from the passage that the writer_____ . A) calls attention to the living conditions of older Americans B) attempts to justify the youthoriented ,throwaway culture of the USA C) believes that the value of older people is gaining increasing recognition D) argues people should not retire at the age of 65 or 70 Passage Four More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside puter memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap（收獲） substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment. It is easy for puter crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the puter is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing remendation from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it‘s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic auditing(檢查 ) or other security procedures. The puter criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of unmonly bad luck. 9 For example, a certain keypunch operator plained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to punch were for deceitful transactions（交易） .In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off the pany that was being robbed. An undercover drug agent stumbled on still another case. An employee was selling the pany‘s products on the side and using the puter to get it shipped to the buyers. While negotiation for some drug, the drug agent was offered a good deal on a stereo! Unlike other embezzlers(盜用者，貪污者 )， who must leave the country ,mit suicide, or go to jail, puter criminals sometimes get away with it, demanding not only that they not be prosecuted(起訴 )but that they be given good remendations and perhaps other benefits, such as severance pay. All too often, their demands have been met. Why?