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畢業(yè)論文-火電廠鍋爐燃燒過程控制系統(tǒng)仿真研究(參考版)

2025-06-08 04:40本頁面
  

【正文】 VocklerGbR,Leipzig,. 38 為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文參考資料,請您刪除以下內(nèi)容, O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝!!! Shanghai’s Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the city’s history. Zhou Wenting travels this storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and Suzhou River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financial district. Shanghai’s other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has been somewhat overshadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, who arrived in the city after it was opened as a mercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the creek, they named it Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via the creek before rail links were established. But after a century of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods and labor, the creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along the banks. In the 1990s it became a key task of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic Waibaidu Bridge downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the city’s history, including the imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and the improvement in people’s living conditions. Where the Bund began Inbetween the shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a cluster of streets that give me the illusion that I am no longer in modern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old and crisscross each other. Any old residential house may turn out to be a former office of the British, constructed in the 1880s. Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the confluence of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin. Countless tour buses stop at the site every day and visitors from around the world get off to see this place, the starting point of the concessions in the city. It all started in 1872, when the former British Consulate General was constructed and the Bund began its transformation into an the financial street of the East. Now the site of the former consulate is called “No 1 Waitanyuan”, which translates to “the Bund Origin”, to honor its beginnings. The entire plex of this historical site prises of five buildings, the former British Consulate General, the official residence of the consul, the former Union Church, the church apartments and the former Shanghai Rowing Club. The size of the courtyard is equivalent to that of four standard soccer fields. The building of the former consulate is a twostorey masonry building on an Hshaped plan in typical English renaissance style. The building is designed with a fivearch verandah on the ground floor with a raised terrace facing the garden, while the facade features an entry portico beneath a colonnaded loggia. It has been turned into a caf233。 最后再一次感 謝所有在畢業(yè)設(shè)計中曾經(jīng)幫助過我的良師益友和同學(xué),以及在設(shè)計中被我引用或參考的論著的作者。在論文即將完成之際,我的心情無法平靜,從開始進(jìn)入課題到論文的順利完成,有多少可敬的師長、同學(xué)、朋友給了我無言的幫助,在這里請接受我誠摯謝意! 非常感謝盧老師給我設(shè)計上的指導(dǎo),我才能這么順利的完成畢業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計。授人以魚不如授人以漁,置身其間,耳濡目染,潛移默化,使我不僅接受了全新的思想觀念,樹立了宏偉 的學(xué)術(shù)目標(biāo),領(lǐng)會了基本的思考方式,從論文題目的選定到論文寫作的指導(dǎo) ,經(jīng)由您悉心的點撥 ,再經(jīng)思考后的領(lǐng)悟 ,常常讓我有 “ 山重水復(fù)疑無路 ,柳暗花明又一村 ” 。我不是您最出色的學(xué)生,而您卻是我最尊敬的老師。四年的求學(xué)生涯在師長、親友的大力支持下,走得辛苦卻也收獲滿囊,在論文即將付梓之際,思緒萬千,心情久久不能平靜。 以上說明,對于鍋爐燃燒過程控制系統(tǒng)所進(jìn)行的參數(shù)設(shè)置、整定是符合系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性要求的。Tp, Ts 和超調(diào)量均無明顯變化。仿真中加入了擾動的情況進(jìn)行對比,擾動為 幅值 177。 在應(yīng)用過程中 , MATLAB 的優(yōu)越性 十分突出, 鑒于其開放、擴充能力強 , 隨著其版本的升級 , 它的功能將越來越強 ,其 應(yīng)用 也必 將越來越廣 。 35 結(jié) 論 論文從控制系統(tǒng) 基礎(chǔ)理論入手,簡要的了解 MATLAB 在控制系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)后,著重分析了火電廠 鍋爐燃燒過程控制系統(tǒng) 各個環(huán)節(jié),其次對各個控制環(huán)節(jié)建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過 MATLAB 軟件對建立的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行化簡,分析,得出不同參數(shù)對系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和動態(tài)性能的影響,最終確定系統(tǒng)各個環(huán)節(jié)的最佳參數(shù),用于指導(dǎo)實際工作中參數(shù)的選擇,對控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真確實有很大的實際意義。但是在實際的工作環(huán)境中往往會出現(xiàn)各種各樣的擾動信號,為了 模擬真正的工業(yè)控制環(huán)境,在特定的環(huán)節(jié),我們添加了幅值為1 至 +1 的噪聲干擾信號,圖 為仿真框圖,圖 為相應(yīng)的響應(yīng)曲線圖。 29 圖 爐膛負(fù)壓前饋控制系統(tǒng)參數(shù)整定仿真框圖 圖 未加前饋控制系統(tǒng)的單位階躍響應(yīng)曲線 30 圖 加入前饋控制系統(tǒng)的單位階躍響應(yīng)曲線 兩圖對比可知,加入的前饋控制起到了很好的作用。 Gf(s)G3(s)為干擾源至系統(tǒng)輸出的干擾通道傳遞函數(shù); Gd(s)為前饋調(diào)節(jié)器函數(shù); G2(s)G3(s)為干擾源至系統(tǒng)輸出的控制通道傳遞函數(shù); G1(s)為給定環(huán)節(jié)傳遞函數(shù)。 27 圖 空氣流量控制系統(tǒng)仿真框圖 圖 空氣流量控制系統(tǒng)單位階躍響應(yīng)曲線 28 爐膛負(fù)壓控制系統(tǒng) 由系統(tǒng)概述可知,利用動態(tài)前饋與反饋控制能使負(fù)壓控制系統(tǒng)達(dá)到比較好的效果,反饋控制在燃料控制系統(tǒng)和空氣流量控制系統(tǒng)中已經(jīng)詳細(xì)的論述與應(yīng)用過了,在此就前饋控制做一下討論。 在 Kp=, Ki= 的基礎(chǔ)上,對 PI 參數(shù)進(jìn)一步整定,空氣流量控制系統(tǒng)單位階躍輸入的 仿真框圖如圖 所示。先讓 Ki=0,調(diào)整 Kp 使系統(tǒng)等幅振蕩,即系統(tǒng)臨界穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。此時系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)器最簡單,工程上系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)速度和穩(wěn)定程度一般。當(dāng) Ki=0, Kp=1 時 (此時相當(dāng)于無調(diào)節(jié)器,因此系統(tǒng)最簡單 ),仿真結(jié)果如圖所示,圖 為系統(tǒng)仿真框圖,圖 為階躍輸出。 22 圖 PI模塊結(jié)構(gòu) 圖 燃料流量控制系統(tǒng) 的仿真框圖 23 圖 燃料流量控制系統(tǒng)單位階躍響應(yīng)曲線 蒸汽壓力控制系統(tǒng) 在燃料流量控制系統(tǒng)整定的基礎(chǔ)上,采用試誤法整定壓力控制系統(tǒng)參數(shù)。 在 Kp=, Ki= 的基礎(chǔ)上,對 PI 參數(shù)進(jìn)一步整定,燃料流量控制系統(tǒng)的仿真框圖如 所示, 其中 PI 模塊的結(jié)構(gòu)如圖 所示。先讓 Ki=0,調(diào)整 Kp 使系統(tǒng)等幅振蕩,即系統(tǒng)臨界穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。由程序運行結(jié)果可知幅值穩(wěn)定裕量為 ,相位穩(wěn)定裕量為,對應(yīng)增益為 。 margin(G_LeAir_NegPres)。inputdelay39。由程序運行結(jié)果可知其幅值穩(wěn)定裕量為 ,相位穩(wěn)定裕量為80deg,對應(yīng)增益為 。 margin(G_Air)。inputdelay39。由程序運行結(jié)果可知其幅值穩(wěn)定裕量為 ,相位穩(wěn)定裕量為 ,對應(yīng)增益為 。 margin(G_Fuel)。inputdelay39。 F CF TP CP T鍋 爐爐 膛 負(fù) 壓送 風(fēng) 量引 風(fēng) 量爐 膛 負(fù) 壓 給定圖 爐膛負(fù)壓控制系統(tǒng)流程圖 送 風(fēng) 量 對 負(fù)壓 影 響前 饋 補 償 調(diào) 節(jié) 器爐 膛 調(diào) 節(jié) 閥引 風(fēng) 量 調(diào) 節(jié) 器檢 測 與 變 送 系 統(tǒng)++爐 膛 負(fù)壓 給 定爐 膛 負(fù) 壓送 風(fēng) 量圖 爐膛負(fù)壓控制系統(tǒng)框圖 16 第三章 火電廠鍋爐燃燒過程控制系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型 本文通過查找資料,得到中儲式燃煤鍋爐的系統(tǒng)辨識函數(shù),并以此為數(shù)學(xué)模型搭建仿真平臺。 ( 4) 只能用于可測的干擾 對不可測干擾,由于無法構(gòu)造前饋控制器而不能使用。當(dāng)擾動發(fā)生后,前饋控制器及時動作,對抑制被控制量由于擾動引起的動靜態(tài)偏差比較有效。因此,前饋控制即使對單一干擾也難以完全補償。因此,固定的前饋控制只對相應(yīng)的干擾源起作用,而對其他干擾沒有影響。另外,系統(tǒng)的控制精度取 決于構(gòu)成控制系統(tǒng)的每一部分的精度,所以對系統(tǒng)各環(huán)節(jié)精度要求較高。 前饋控制系統(tǒng)主要特點如下: ( 1) 屬于開環(huán)控制 只要系統(tǒng)中各環(huán)節(jié)是穩(wěn)定的
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