【正文】 中西文化互相融合，取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短 線與環(huán)的結(jié)合： 線以環(huán)的形式伸展 環(huán)以線的形式旋轉(zhuǎn) The integration of the line and the circle: The line extends in the form of a circle. The circle rotates in the form of a line. Create an even more splendid world civilization! 創(chuàng)造更加燦爛輝煌的 世界文明！ Thank you! Email: 。 Conclusion 結(jié)論 Western mode of thinking is paratively linear. Chinese mode of thinking is relatively circular. 西方思維模式 相對(duì)以線性 /分析型 為特征 中國(guó)思維模式 相對(duì)以環(huán)性 /綜合型 為特征 Afterthought 追加的話 Difference: a matter of degree 差異只是程度之差 Exceptions and counterevidence 不乏例外和反證 Purpose: not to judge, but to promote understanding 比較的目的并非判定孰優(yōu)孰劣，而是促進(jìn)理解。 中國(guó)思維模式是內(nèi)向的，關(guān)注對(duì)主觀世界（人性）進(jìn)行道德探索，重視人倫與社會(huì)實(shí)踐。 on earth we will be twin branches on a tree. We will love and be loyal to each other forever. 病來(lái)如山倒，病去如抽絲。 calamities reveal true friendship. In calamities one sees true friendship. 在天愿作比翼鳥(niǎo)，在地愿為連理枝。 flowers do not last forever. Nobody can always be happy. 疾風(fēng)知?jiǎng)挪?，患難見(jiàn)真情。 Storms gather without warning in nature； bad luck befalls men overnight. Yang Hsienyi The weather and human life are both unpredictable. Hawkes 人無(wú)千日好，花無(wú)百日紅。 《 道德經(jīng) 》 The Tao that can be explained is not an eternal Tao。 《 易經(jīng) 》 What is written does not express all that one has to say。 大宗師 》 Chinese Intuition “豁然貫通” 成語(yǔ) Understand the thorough meaning suddenly. “恍然大悟” 成語(yǔ) Be suddenly enlightened. 只可意會(huì)，不可言傳。 禪宗 《 六祖壇經(jīng) 》 Zen Buddhism Chinese Intuition Tao cannot be expressed by words and what can be done so is not Tao. Tao is motionless and shapeless. It can be handed down but not taught and can be attained but not displayed. 道不可言，言而非道，道無(wú)為無(wú)形，可傳而不可受，可得而不可見(jiàn)。 知北游 》 Creativity es from insight and inspiration. 創(chuàng)造來(lái)自于頓悟和靈感。 —— 萊曼 如果感覺(jué)與第一原則和邏輯所得出的結(jié)論矛盾，就不必考慮感覺(jué)。 Therefore S is P. All fruits grow on trees. The apple is a fruit. Therefore, the apple grows on trees. All women like shopping. Alice is a woman. Therefore Alice likes shopping. Logic and Accuracy Accuracy results from logical reasoning and the either/or mentality. 精確產(chǎn)生于邏輯推理與非此即彼的文化心態(tài)。 Therefore S is P. All fruits grow on trees. The apple is a fruit. Therefore, the apple grows on trees. Either P or Q. Not P. Therefore, Q. Either Class A or Class B wins. Class A does not win. Therefore, Class B wins. Examples of Syllogism （三段論法舉例） Whatever is M is P。 Western Logic Syllogism （三段論法） A 3step argument: 1. Major premise （大前提） 2. Minor premise （小前提） 3. Conclusion （結(jié)論） Aristotle – formal logic Russell – mathematical logic Hegel – dialectical logic 亞里士多德 — 形式邏輯 羅素 — 數(shù)理邏輯 黑格爾 — 辯證邏輯 Examples of Syllogism （三段論法舉例） Whatever is M is P。 直覺(jué)來(lái)自經(jīng)驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐和‘第六感覺(jué)’，它是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的睿智闡述。 Intuitive 直覺(jué) Logical 邏輯 2 Intuitive 直覺(jué) Logical 邏輯 Debate was prominent in ancient Greece, and logic was invented. Logic is applied by stripping away the meaning of statements and leaving only their formal structure intact. This makes it easier to see whether an argument is valid or not. Intuition es from experience, practice and the ?6th sense‘. It is experience translated by wisdom. Intuitive thinking is nonlinear, like a spark emerging in the maze of illusions. It is the major way by which ancient Chinese saints perceived the world. Intuitive 直覺(jué) Logical 邏輯 辯論風(fēng)行于古代希臘，于是邏輯學(xué)問(wèn)世。