【正文】 Supercritical technology is conductive to more effective coal bustion to produce steam and pressure with higher temperature, which is used in power generation. Supercritical technology does not remove carbon in the process。超臨界技術(shù)不會在過程中去除碳，但是高煤效意味著發(fā)同樣的電用煤量更少。 目前， CFB技術(shù) 已實現(xiàn) 420t/h（ 100MW）國產(chǎn)化， 300MW示范 。 CFB technology witnessed its initial development in China in the mid1980s. The circulating fluidized bed boiler, which was developed by the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University and the Harbin Institute of Technology and other anizations units, had been put into operation in the 1990s, with a maximum capacity of 75t / h. 目前 ， CFB技術(shù) 正向大型化方向迅速發(fā)展， CFB鍋爐的爐型較多 。 Clean coal power generation technology develops fast in various forms, represented by circulating fluidized bed, supercritical conventional steamelectric technology, pressured fluidized bed bustion bine cycle (PFBCCC) and integrated gasification bined cycle (IGCC) etc. 循環(huán)流化床 （ CFB） Circulating Fluidized Bed（ CFB） CFB 技術(shù) 煤種適應(yīng)性廣，是當(dāng)前世界上煤炭潔凈燃燒的首選爐型，具有氮氧化物排放低、燃料適應(yīng)性廣、燃燒效率高、脫硫率可達到 98％、排出灰渣易于綜合利用、負荷調(diào)節(jié)范圍大等突出的高效低污染優(yōu)點，是重要的潔凈燃燒技術(shù)。截至目前，我國已有水煤漿廠 10 家，設(shè)計年生產(chǎn)能力203 萬噸，實際年產(chǎn) 80 萬 噸 。 The mixture is made from coal, water and chemical additives in accordance with certain requirement with the quality of good liquidity and stability, easy storage, atomization burning. As a cheaper clean fuel with high bustion efficiency and low pollution, it can replace heavy oil to ease the energy security problem of oil shortage. 我國從 1983 年 5 月攻關(guān)研制出了第一批水煤漿試燃燒成功 ，以后 先后完成了動力鍋爐、電廠鍋爐、軋鋼加熱爐、熱處理爐、干燥窯等爐窯燃用水煤 漿的工程試驗。 The technology is to break, sieve and blend pro rata the coal of different qualities, and supplement additive to meet users’ requirements for coal quality. Statistics show that coal can be saved by of 5% on average by applying coal blending to boilers. 20 世紀 80 年代初期，我國京、津、滬等大城市開始采用動力配煤技術(shù)，近幾年來，動力配煤技術(shù)在我國得到了廣泛應(yīng)用， 目前， 我國已有年產(chǎn)動力配煤8000 萬噸的能力 。 Industrial briquette has application in boiler coal, coke, fertilizer, city gas, lootives and fuel gas, etc. China now produces more than 30 million tons industrial briquette every year, which is mainly used in small and mediumsized fertilizer plants and small blast furnace coke. About 60% of small and mediumsized chemical fertilizer plants use briquette as raw materials to replace the corresponding amount of lump coal or coke, gaining better economic and environmental benefits. Other coal briquette is at model or mercial model stage. 動力配煤 Steam Coal Blending 將不同品質(zhì)的煤取長補短，經(jīng)過破碎、篩選按比例配合，并輔以一定的添加劑以適應(yīng)用戶對煤質(zhì)的要求。全國約有 60%的中小化肥廠用型煤做原料，替代了相應(yīng)數(shù)量的焦炭或塊煤，具有較好的經(jīng)濟效益和環(huán)境效益。 about 75 percent in some cities of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Sichuan Province, and almost 100 percent in Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang and other cities. 工業(yè)型煤有鍋爐、型焦、化肥、城市煤氣、機車、燃料氣型煤等。民用型煤普及率 65%，其中浙江、江蘇、廣東、廣西、四川等省的一些城市 75%左右，北京、天津和沈陽等城市基本上達到 100%。 However, China still lags far behind developed countries in coal washing and dressing industry on the whole. First is low selection rate of raw coal. In 2021, the rate on the national level was 33 percent, far below 5595 percent abroad. Second lies in poor quality of mercial coal. The average ash content of China’s coking coal being percent, highash and high sulfur mercial coal have bee an important factor that causes high energy consumption and high pollution in China’s coal industry. Third, coal preparation plant is small. In 2021, there were 961 coal preparation plants all over the country, with total coal washing capacity of billion tons but average production amount of only 870,000 tons. Fourth is low utilization rate of byproduct from coal washing. In 2021, waste water discharged from coal washing industry reached about 67 million tons, coal gangue and coal slime from coal mining, washing and processing billion tons every year, with the utilization rate of 53 percent. Piles of coal gangue occupied an area up to over 65,000 hectares. 型煤 Coal Briquette 型煤技術(shù)已作為中國潔凈煤技術(shù)的重要組成部分和優(yōu)先發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域，在今后相當(dāng)長時期內(nèi)具有十分廣闊的發(fā)展前景，對提高煤炭利用效率，減輕用煤造成的環(huán)境污染，滿足部分工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和不斷提高城鄉(xiāng)人民的生活需要具有重要意義。四是選煤副產(chǎn)品利用率低。三是選煤廠規(guī)模小。二是商品煤質(zhì)量差。一是原 煤入選比例低。 Dressing coal by washing is a technology which clean coal technology is drived from. After more than a decade of research, positive progress has been made in the development and wide promotion of dense medium coal preparation technology by upgrading traditional coal washing technology. At the same time, the increasing perfection of flotation technology has effectively improved the clean coal recovery and flotation. China’s current independentlydeveloped coal washing and dressing technology and equipment can meet the need of construction of large coal preparation plants with an annual output of 5,000,000 tons.. 近年來，我國煤炭洗選加工業(yè)取得較快發(fā)展，原煤入選能力和入選量分別由 2021 年的 億噸、 億噸上升到 2021 年的 億噸和 億噸；選煤技術(shù)取得顯著進步，采用重介選煤法的選煤廠超過 40%；開發(fā)了大直徑無壓三產(chǎn)品 (精煤、中煤、矸石 )重介旋流器等一批先進技術(shù)和設(shè)備，提高了產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)效率。同時，浮選技術(shù)也日趨完善，有效地提高了精煤回收率和浮選效果。 A detailed introduction about the four fields of clean coal technology will be illustrated in the following: coal processing, clean coal burning and power generation, coal conversion, and pollutant control and prehensive utilization of resources. . 煤炭加工 Coal Processing 這是煤炭燃燒前的凈化加工技術(shù)， 包括 洗選 、 型煤、配煤 和 水煤漿 等技術(shù) 。 ? Efforts are being made to conduct tests on coal liquefaction process and technical condition, as well as to carry out feasibility study on mercial demonstration plant of coal liquefaction。 ? Initial efforts have been made in the development and application of industrial briquette and coalwater slurry technology, with pilot projects having been put into use。主要表現(xiàn)在：At present, significant progress has been made in the development, application and promotion of clean coal technology, which mainly embodies in the following aspe