【正文】 但是在路上，不幸的是，大部分被執(zhí)行死刑。我們能唱的能源和排放需要避免 39。部分拆除將是一個后果，不是局部或全部重建或翻新才能進(jìn)行。同樣，這些都需 要裝卸能量，幾乎沒有其中之一，它不污染環(huán)境。 為了使建設(shè)有用的，它需要畫龍點睛連同所有設(shè)備和家具，這將在建筑物一起清洗，維護(hù)和管理和開發(fā)利用一體化的建設(shè)。在這些主要活動之間，運輸和儲存是需要非常頻繁。 其次，建材 必須開出或從原料生產(chǎn)。收獲 39。 之前和之后的最終應(yīng)用和目標(biāo)的一種材料 ，作為建筑物的組成部分，它是用來 建筑物的材料真實目的 我們可以區(qū)分的特征的活動。 生命周期 更仔細(xì)地看（比平時）對材料及產(chǎn)品（同樣也是能量的流動），對于所有各種用途，包括建筑應(yīng)用生命周期，它是有用的在變化的關(guān)系區(qū)分材料（或一種能量）經(jīng)過空間和時間。這筆捐款的目的是幫助，虛心，支持具有必要的戰(zhàn)略合作 39。 它似乎非常難以增加的第一個關(guān)于世界的認(rèn)識 在我們蒙迪艾爾社會的這些關(guān)系。 蒙迪艾爾災(zāi)害的可能，約占三分之一，對建設(shè)活動的影響，而病態(tài)樓宇綜合癥是完全由最近和 15 現(xiàn)在的方式來建立和住創(chuàng)建。 區(qū)域建設(shè)消失在世界大部 分地區(qū)，并且 與國際建筑有人甚至推測，這一切可能是一樣的。 獨立于一個重要的需要，質(zhì)量第一的所有商品種類和越來越多的建筑產(chǎn)品后開始生產(chǎn)。 當(dāng)人類 在所謂的西方 從像煤 、 礦物油 、 天然氣 、 水電燃料的蒸汽 、 電力和核電 開始開發(fā)或生產(chǎn)大規(guī)模的能源 至少一部分，現(xiàn)場建設(shè)發(fā)生了巨大變化，當(dāng)然在富裕國家，使用和利用其他人仍然使用。 但是，火 依賴于 燃料。 與這相關(guān)的 決定是一個內(nèi)置的結(jié)果，以及如何為實現(xiàn)很多能力都已經(jīng)具備。 為了應(yīng)對 天氣情況，危險的動物 會和敵對的男同胞一起 屬于建筑物的主要功能。 簡介 可持續(xù)建設(shè)知識 在人類 文化和文明 開始中已經(jīng) 是一個最為重要的項目 。 該主題的科學(xué)和技術(shù)的復(fù)雜性和事實的目標(biāo) ， 是商業(yè)和政治利益 項目的可持續(xù)建設(shè) 的棘手 問題。一些涉及 環(huán)境的正確和健康的建筑方法 ， 發(fā)展并應(yīng)用 在荷蘭得到表達(dá)和 在 世界的角度討論引起了 廣泛的影響。kologie, Herausgeber und Verlag: Bundesverband 14 中文譯文： 建筑生命周期 摘要 可持續(xù)建筑是一個全球性的問題。 Wohnen, Fachzeitschrift f252。r Baubiologie + 214。r 246。r Baubiologie und 246。kologie (SIB) und des 214。 Wonen, Uitgeverij Van Westering, Baarn, The Netherlands Baubiologie, Fachzeitschrift der Schweizerischen Interessengemeinschaft f252。 waste management during the production and on the site。 more efficient installation and equipment than the standard describes。small steps39。Plan van aanpak39。Bouwbesluit39。Energie Anders39。Zorgen voor Morgen39。Brede Maatschappelijke Discussie39。we can sing the refrain of the need of energy and emission39。harvested39。know how39。style39。 1 外文 文獻(xiàn) ： THE LIFE CYCLE OF BUILDING ABSTRACT Sustainable Building is a global issue. The life cycle of building influences the life cycles of the whole pla dramatically. Some of the methods concerning EnvironmentallySound and Healthy Building, developed and used in The Netherlands will be presented and discussed in the perspective of world wide effects. Awareness about and development of those methods and approaches are actually yet not at their end. The scientific and technical plexity of the theme and the fact that the objectives are items of mercial and political interests make Sustainable Building a delicate problem. However, after having seen how plicated it is to contribute to a Sustainable Development substantially, we will conclude with some Rules of Thumb and Innovative proposals, in order to stimulate more significant contributions in the future. INTRODUCTION Knowledge on Sustainable Building was an item of highest importance already in the begin of human culture and civilisation. Looking back, in history, we find that Sustainable Building was a question of survival. Protection against weather circumstances, dangerous animals and hostile fellow men belong(ed) to the main functions of a building. In order to fulfil these demands it was necessary to find an equilibrium between the environmentally or ecologically based possibilities of resources and their limits and the needs and wishes for a durable home. Beside this it was determining for a built result, which and how much capacities for the realisation were available. Energy for building purposes was mainly given by human power, and for a part by the use of animals and more indirectly sometimes by fire or wind. But fire was dependent from fuel. Similarly there was only building material at hand, which could be found near to the site, because it was generally too costly, nearly impossible, to transport main materials from a source far away. When humankind started to exploit or produce (39。hard) energy on a large scale at least a part, in 2 the so called West by steam, electricity from fuels like coal, mineral oil, gas, hydropower and finally nuclear power, the scene of building changed dramatically, certainly in the rich countries, which used and still use to exploit others. In spite of pollution, deterioration and exploitation these phenomena even mostly fully ignored the socalled industrial revolution started. Independent from a vital need, mass production firstly of all kinds of goods and later of more and more building products started. With the economical interest and power it was possible to create markets and to sell the mass products, even to far away located consumers, while the relative easy new transportation lines of train and ship and later of truck and airplane, helped and help still to bring or catch raw materials from far away. Regional building disappeared in big parts of the world and with an International Architecture it was even postulated, that everything could be the same everywhere. In the last decades we slowly recognized the terrible effects of this way to build in our environment as well as on ourselves. The mondial disaster might be, for approximately a third, the effect of the building activities, while the Sick Building Syndrome is fully created by the recent and nowadays way to build and to dwell. At the same time we should be aware that the rich appearing, technological advanced countries, which are approximately 20% of the whole humankind, can effort this 39。 only by exploiting the + 80% of humankind, which are called the Poor, under whom a population of about 20% hardly can survive. It seems extraordinary difficult to increase the awareness of the first World concerning these relations within our mondial society. But even more difficult it is to transform our behaviour towards more balanced circumstances in the world. This contribution aims to help, modestly, to support a strategy together with the necessary 39。 towards Sustainable Building as an essential part of Sustainable Development. The entire building process – from cradle to grave or even from cradle to cradle – in its relation to