【正文】 ③段落的其他句子必定是用來解釋或發(fā)揮主題句所表達(dá)的主題思想的。這個主題句一般具有如下特點(diǎn)：①表達(dá)的意思比較概括。故答案選C。(4)主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that“dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food ，節(jié)食的結(jié)果會導(dǎo)致食物欲望的增加。故答案選A。(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are ，第一段是為了引導(dǎo)整篇文章的話題。食物與情感有關(guān)系，節(jié)食的結(jié)果會導(dǎo)致食物欲望的增加。D.The findings of food craving.B.The disappearance of appetite.（4）What does the passage mainly discuss? A.The increase of food desire.C.s the likely result of dieting? A.D.It ensures a person survives hunger.C.It shows food is linked to feelings.D.To report the discovery of craving study.B.To remind readers of their own special food. In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.” So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting is a bit different. They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings. Scientists at the website How Stuff Works pare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger.” When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (荷爾蒙) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.ve been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn39。s 3 o39。8．閱讀理解3.“判斷”。比較時重在關(guān)注意思、關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系。有時候選項(xiàng)的語句散見于文章的各處，也一定找準(zhǔn)原句。【點(diǎn)評】科普文客觀題的解題方法1.“找”。這給我們一個啟示，在談話時盡可能多的積極互動，才會調(diào)動人的積極性。而當(dāng)你體驗(yàn)到積極的互動時， 積極的交流會增加你與他人溝通、合作和信任的能力。（4）考查主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative one.”可知，積極面事件的影響不如消極的影響更持久。由此可判斷B項(xiàng)是正確的。根據(jù)第三段中的中間部分“When you experience negative emotions as a result of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates （激活）分析選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。（1）考查猜測詞義題。但是積極的影響不如消極的影響更持久，它需要三到五個積極的互動才能去掉一個負(fù)面互動。主要講述通過一些關(guān)于日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的研究證明，當(dāng)你因?yàn)榕u或遭到拒絕而經(jīng)歷負(fù)面情緒時，你的身體會產(chǎn)生較高水平的應(yīng)激激素，它關(guān)閉了你的思維，激活沖突和防御的機(jī)制。D.More Positive InteractionsC.Harmful NegativesD.positive interactions have greater effects than negative onesC.we need a positive feeling to beat one negative feelingYou39。You will feel an urge to improve and bee better.B.be crazy（2）What will happen if you experience negative emotions? A.sing alouds mindB. A. Workplaces, for example, often see this. During performance reviews, managers routinely spend 80 percent of their time on weaknesses and “areas for improvement”. They spend roughly 20 percent of the time on strengths and positive aspects. Any time you have discussions with a person or group, spend the vast majority of the time talking about what is working, and use the remaining time to address weaknesses. （1）The underlined phrase “tune out” in Paragraph 1 probably means re having a conversation, keep this simple short cut in mind: At least 80 percent of your conversations should be focused on what39。s production of oxytocin, a feelgood that increases your ability to municate with, cooperate with and trust others. But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative one. More recent research helps explain why these brief exchanges matter so much. When you experience negative emotions as a result of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates (激活) conflict and defense mechanisms (機(jī)制). You assume that situations are worse than they actually are. Some of the best research on daily experience is rooted in rates of positive and negative interactions, which has proved that being blindly positive or negative can cause others to be frustrated or annoyed or to simply tune out.主旨題看前面一，二段一般可以透漏出端倪。主要以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，理解文章主旨。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了參加考試的機(jī)器人在各個學(xué)科方面的不同表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第四段各個學(xué)科得分的比較以及最后一段可知，Torobo的歷史成績非常好。根據(jù)上半句“Though the score，…, is enough to get the robot admitted to many other famous Japanese universities,”可知，前半句從句的主語the score就是主句的主語it所代指的。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的前兩句內(nèi)容可知，Torobo的缺點(diǎn)是不擅長獨(dú)立思考，不能理解復(fù)雜的句子。s ways to deal with exams.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一款用來測試人工智能極限的機(jī)器人在考試中的表現(xiàn)和它的弊端。D.s performances in exams.C.B.Subjects a robot are good at.Torobo was admitted to a university.D.Torobo39。s score didn39。the national average（3）What did the exam results show? A.the University of TokyoTorobothe scoreIt couldn39。t own language skills.C.B. help Torobo succeed as an industrial robot. （1）What is the disadvantage of Torobo? A.s creators have decided to free Torobo from its annual testtaking suffering, the research team will instead focus on improving the robot39。 But，while Torobo is able to handle knowledgebased questions and ones involving plex mathematical calculations, it has a hard time thinking independently. As a result, the robot is unable to fully understand multiple sentences and phrases to arrive at the logical conclusions required in the English language tests. This weakness was reflected in the weak oral and writing scores, which came in at % and %, respectively. A closer analysis of the results showed that Torobo39。s total score of 525 out of 950 was 14 points higher than in 2015，its standard score of % was