【正文】 the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation and potential:（電化學(xué)勢）The energy required to maintain a separation of charge and of concentration across a :（生電的）Contributing to an electrical potential across a 1Electron acceptor:（電子受體）A substance that receives electrons in an oxidationreduction carrier:（電子載體）A protein, such as a flavoprotein or a cytochrome, that can reversibly gain and lose electrons。also called the LineweaverBurk plot, E E39。 end of one DNA segment, and the 539。for example, dissociation of a substrate from an enzyme.(2)The dissociation constant(Ka)of an acid, describing its dissociation into its conjugate base and a bridge:(二硫橋)A covalent cross link between two polypeptide chains formed by a cystine residue(two Cys residues).0 DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)： A polynucleotide having a specific sequence of deoxyribonucleotide units covalently joined through 339。See :（脫氧核糖核苷酸）Nucleotides containing 2deoxyribose as the pentose :（去飽和酶）Enzymes that catalyze the introduction of double bonds into the hydrocarbon portion of fatty :（脫水）In aqueous solution, the release of bound water surrounding a isomer:9右旋異構(gòu)體）A stercoisomer that rotates the plane of planepolarized light mellitus:（糖尿?。〢 metabolic disease resulting from insulin deficiency。includes organelles such as :（細(xì)胞骨架）The filamentous network providing structure and organization to the cytoplasm。for example, many enzymes of the central metabolic called housekeeping length(外形長度): The length of a helical polymeric molecule as measured along the molecule39。plementary to a given :（構(gòu)型）The spatial arrangement of an organic molecule that is conferred by the presence of either(1)double bonds, about which there is no freedom of rotation, or(2)chiral centers, around which substituent groups are arranged in a specific isomers cannot be interconverted without breaking one or more covalent :（構(gòu)象）The spatial arrangement, of substituent groups that are free to assume different positions in space, without breaking any bonds, because of the freedom of bond acidbase pair:（共扼酸堿對）A proton donor and its corresponding deprotonated species。for example, an enzyme and its normal substrate, or a receptor and its normal ends:（粘性末端）See sticky :（共整合）An intermediate in the migration of certain DNA transposons in which the donor DNA and target DNA are covalently properties:（依數(shù)性）Properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles per unit volume。stores and transmits genetic :（乳糜微粒）A plasma lipoprotein consisting of a large droplet of triacylglycerols stabilized by a coat of protein and phospholipid。defines the carboxyl terminus of the :（類葫羅卜素）Lipidsoluble photosynthetic pigments made up of isoprene :（分解代謝）The phase of intermediary metabolism concerned with the energyyielding degradation of nutrient gene activator protein(CAP): See cAMP receptor site:（催化部位）See active :（兒茶酚胺類）Hormones, such as epinephrine, that are amino derivatives of :（連環(huán)體）Circular polymeric molecules with a noncovalent topological link resembling the links of a resin:（陽離子交換樹脂）An insoluble polymer with fixed negative charges。a mon secondary structure in oxidation:（β氧化）Oxidative degradation of fatty acids into acetylCoA by successive oxidations at the βcarbon :（β轉(zhuǎn)角）A type of secondary structure in polypeptides consisting of four amino acid residues arranged in a tight turn so that the polypeptide turns back on :（雙分子層）A double layer of oriented amphipathic lipid molecules, forming the basic structure of biological hydrocarbon tails face inward to form a continuous nonpolar salts:（膽酸鹽）Amphipathic steroid derivatives with detergent properties, participating in digestion and absorption of energy:（吸附能）The energy derived from noncovalent interactions between enzyme and substrate or receptor and site:（結(jié)合部位）The crevice or pocket on a protein in which a ligand :（生物胞素）The conjugate amino acid residue arising from covalent attachment of biotin, through an amide linkage, to a Lys :（生物分子）An organic pound normally present as an essential ponent of living :（生物喋呤）An enzymatic cofactor derived from pterin and involved in certain oxidationreduction :（生物圈）All the living matter on or in the earth, the seas, and the :（生物素）A vitamin。s 39。triphosphate functioning as a phosphate group donor in the cell energy cycle。also called :（排氨的）Excreting excess nitrogen in the form of pathway:（雙向代謝途徑）A metabolic pathway used in both catabolism and :（雙親的）Containing both polar and nonpolar :（兩性電解質(zhì)）A substance that can act as either a base or an :（兩性的）Capable of donating and accepting protons, thus able to serve as an acid or a :（合成代謝）The phase of intermediary metabolism concerned with the energyrequiring biosynthesis of cell ponents from smaller :（厭氧生物）An organism that lives without anaerobes（專性厭氧生物）die when exposed to :（厭氧的）Occurring in the absence of air or reaction:（回補(bǔ)反應(yīng)）An enzymecatalyzed reaction that can replenish the supply of intermediates in the citric acid (?):（唉）A unit of length(108cm)used to indicate molecular :（酸酐）The product, of the condensation of two carboxyl or phosphate groups in which the elements of water are eliminated to form a pound with the general structure R—X—0—X—R, where X is either carbon or resin:（陰離子交換樹脂）A polymeric resin with fixed cationic groups。usually acpanied by an increase in blood enzyme:（變/別構(gòu)效應(yīng)）A regulatory enzyme, with catalytic activity modulated by the noncovalent binding of a specific metabolite at a site other than the active protein:（變/別構(gòu)蛋白）A protein(generally with multiple subunits)with multiple ligandbinding sites, such that ligand binding at one site affects ligand binding at site:（變/別構(gòu)部位）The specific site on the surface of an allosteric enzyme molecule to which the modulator or effector molecule is helix:（α螺旋）A helical conformation of a polypeptide chain, usually righthanded, with maximal intrachain hydrogen bonding。also known as the catalytic transport:（主動(dòng)運(yùn)輸）Energyrequiring transport of a solute across a membrane in the dire