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24.10.2224.10.2213:4213:42:3613:42:36Oct24 相信命運(yùn),讓自己成長,慢慢的長大。2024年10月22日星期二下午1時(shí)42分36秒13:42:3624.10.22 讓自己更加強(qiáng)大,更加專業(yè),這才能讓自己更好。24.10.2213:42:3613:42Oct2422Oct24 日復(fù)一日的努力只為成就美好的明天。2024年10月22日星期二1時(shí)42分36秒Tuesday, October 22, 2024 相信相信得力量。2024年10月下午1時(shí)42分24.10.2213:42October 22, 2024 作業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)記得牢,駕輕就熟除煩惱。13:42:3613:42:3613:42Tuesday, October 22, 2024 安全在于心細(xì),事故出在麻痹。,27,Growing attention for IPM 對(duì)IPM越來越多的關(guān)注,Concerns about adverse effects of pesticides, notably on food safety, and growing recognition that agricultural intensification needs to be sustainable 因?yàn)閷?duì)農(nóng)藥負(fù)面影響的擔(dān)心,特別是在食品安全方面,以及逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)是一個(gè)需要持續(xù)發(fā)展的過程,導(dǎo)致了: Increased attention to IPM 對(duì)IPM越來越多的關(guān)注 As reflected in: 反映在 International policies (FAO, World Bank, IFCS) 國際政策(FAO,世界銀行,IFCS) National policies (EU and many individual countries) 國家政策(歐盟和許多其他國家) Commercial operations – private sector (food industry and crop protection industry).商業(yè)運(yùn)作-私人部門 (食品行業(yè)和植保行業(yè)),28,The role of IPM in FAO Policy IPM在FAO政策中的作用,Implementation of the Code of Conduct 行為守則的執(zhí)行 Revision of 2002 puts more emphasis on IPM 在2002年 的修訂版中給與了IPM重點(diǎn)關(guān)注 Mainstreaming principles of IPM in all work on plant production and protection.在植物生產(chǎn)和保護(hù)方面要將IPM作為主要的準(zhǔn)則 IPM is now considered an integral part of pesticide risk reduction. IPM現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是降低農(nóng)藥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不可或缺的一部分,29,General trends 總體方向,Concerns about food safety (pesticide residues): 有關(guān)食品安全方面的問題(農(nóng)藥殘留) Review/tightening of MRLs (評(píng)價(jià)/加強(qiáng)MRLs) Strict enforcement of MRLs (嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行MRLs) GAP (良好農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)范) Other health concerns:其他健康問題 Phasing out of highly toxic products 消減高毒產(chǎn)品 Cut off points for chronic health hazards 消除慢性健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Implications for pesticide use in countries exporting agricultural produce在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口國家使用農(nóng)藥 蘊(yùn)含的問題,30,General trends 總體方向,Characteristics of tomorrows products 將來產(chǎn)品的特性 selective, pestspecific (limited damage to beneficials) 有選擇性的,防治特定目標(biāo)的 (限制對(duì)有益生物的危害) low acute human toxicity 對(duì)人類的急性毒性低 no long term health effects 沒有長期的健康影響 degrade into innocuous components 降解成無毒的成分,31,Tomorrow’s products Are these more expensive? 未來的產(chǎn)品會(huì)更貴嗎?,Relative costs Direct Indirect 相關(guān)的費(fèi)用 直接的 間接的 Old products 老產(chǎn)品 Low低 High低 New products新產(chǎn)品 High高 Low高 Indirect costs include:間接的費(fèi)用包括 cost for PPE:個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備的費(fèi)用 health costs 健康費(fèi)用 costs associated with water contamination 和水污染有關(guān)的費(fèi)用,32,Tomorrow’s products Are these more expensive? 未來的產(chǎn)品會(huì)更貴嗎?,So, newer, less hazardous products Tend to be more expensive for the user Tend to involve less costs for the public Regulation serves to minimize public cost 于是,新的、毒性更低的產(chǎn)品 趨向于對(duì)使用者來說更貴 而對(duì)公眾來說,涉及的費(fèi)用會(huì)更低 管理的目的就是降低公眾的費(fèi)用,33,Thank You 謝 謝,34,樹立質(zhì)量法制觀念、提高全員質(zhì)量意識(shí)。 In addition: Notification prior to export of banned or severely restricted products not listed in Annex III 另外:對(duì)于沒有列入附錄3的,禁止或嚴(yán)格限用的化學(xué)品的出口要在出口前發(fā)出出口通知。,18,19,Rotterdam Convention 《鹿特丹公約》,Objective: To promote shared responsibility and cooperative efforts among Parties in the international trade of certain hazardous chemicals in order to protect human health and the environment from p