【正文】 被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。He is the only man that can do the ,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)，Who is the girl that is drawing a picture?定 語(yǔ) 從 句 練習(xí)用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose is the man ________ wants to see student ___________ answered the question is Zhang man __________ you went to see has man ___________I met yesterday lent me some woman _______________ you saw is our geography runner ________________ you are asking about is over person ______________ you should write to is man ___________was passing by saw what is the pen _________ you lost the day before books _____________ you lent me were very storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily clock is a machine ______ tells people the is shirt ___________I bought dictionary is a book ________ gives the meaning to the book ____________ is on the table is film ____________ they are talking about is very will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? me the boy ______________ mother is a wellknown boy______ father is a teacher is good at （） teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ es from （）’s the name of the are listening are listening to that you are listening you are listening（） students were all interested ____ you told them which that this that everything that （） was the only person in his office______ was （） is the museum______ we visited last which（） told his mother all____ had （） you know the student_____? I often talk often talk with who I often talk I often talk39。(5)The people that/who e to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))(6)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen ，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三．關(guān)系副詞的用法：，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)It happned in November when the weather was wet and 指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) Let’s look for a place where we can ，其先行詞常是reason，在句中做原因狀語(yǔ) Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for ,不用which的情況：all,everything,anything,nothing ,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有：關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)關(guān)系副詞where, when、why 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 ，在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his ，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。ll never forget the days ________ I spent in the 39。5)當(dāng)出現(xiàn)先行詞+介詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用whom或which 6)當(dāng)出現(xiàn)先行詞+介詞時(shí)，注意判斷介詞與從句謂語(yǔ)是否有關(guān)系，以確定為定語(yǔ)從句單項(xiàng)選擇39。when 。誤區(qū)提醒1)當(dāng)表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞時(shí)，要判斷出它們?cè)趶木渲凶鳡钫Z(yǔ)還是主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。t ，更要珍惜。5)先行詞本身是that時(shí)，用which。3)描述句中一般用which。只用which不用that 1)當(dāng)主句先行詞后有介詞時(shí)，用which。3)當(dāng)先行詞帶有the only,the very,the same,the last,the one等詞時(shí)，用that。He was a Frenchman,as I could tell from his ，我從他的口音中可以聽(tīng)出來(lái)。My sister,who lives in London,is a ，她住在倫敦。引導(dǎo)非限定性從句的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)。而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)，則要求用關(guān)系代詞?！眞hy“在從句中修語(yǔ)，先行詞通常是”the reason“。指物時(shí)用”which“，不能用”that“。= The school in which he once studied is very famous.”which“不可省略。ll never forget the day on which I first met him.(表示具體的某一天，介詞用on)②The boy pointed to the direction in which he would run.(”朝……方向“，介詞用in)。s gold watch and Della39。此種用法多見(jiàn)于正文體中，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句。7.”介詞+ which(指物)/whose(指人)“修飾后邊的名詞。6.”名詞+ of which“代替”whose +名詞“在關(guān)系分句中作定語(yǔ)。ve bought this coat? 你能告訴我這件衣服是給誰(shuí)買(mǎi)的嗎? ②The man, from whom I learned the news, is an ，我是從他那里得到這個(gè)消息的。如: ①China has a lot of islands, one of which is ，其中之一是釣魚(yú)島。2.”介詞+ which(指物)/whom(指人)“在關(guān)系分句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，表示存在關(guān)系，關(guān)系分句主謂常須倒裝。例如: This is the house in which I lived two years 。2)whereby,wherein,whereupon也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于by which,in which,upon/on ，且僅用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。(1)The boy who is playing football is my classmate.(定語(yǔ)從句)定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代for advice.(3)The fact that the moon moves around the earth is known to all.(4)The fact is that the moon moves around the earth.(這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句!)(六)特殊的定語(yǔ)從句 1)but也可用作關(guān)系代詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，意思接近于that(who).....not(這種用法已經(jīng)有些陳舊)There is no tree but bears some 。This is the most interesting book that l have ever 、先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾。(h)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞”who /which“時(shí)，避免重復(fù)要用”that“.舉例: Is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 這是你在圖書(shū)館借的書(shū)嗎? Who that break the window should be 。(c)The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.(b)介詞后能用。as從句中說(shuō)明的名詞與the same修飾的名詞是同一類(lèi)，而非同一個(gè)。如: We thought him a gentleman, as/which he could never be.”as“特殊定語(yǔ)從句中可以主謂倒裝，”which“從句中則不能主謂倒裝?！盿s“特殊定四、關(guān)系代詞”as“與”which“一詞。但是，當(dāng)從句中含有表示主觀意志的插入成分時(shí)，”as“特殊。有時(shí)是連續(xù)幾個(gè)句子，有時(shí)甚至可以是一個(gè)完整的故事。如果是動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，它們?cè)趶木渲芯鸵话阌邢薅ɑ蚍窍薅ㄐ问降奶娲鷦?dòng)詞“do”和“as / which”一起代替。這些名詞主要是那些表示人的身份、職業(yè)、狀態(tài)的名詞。前半句中是her boss，所以不正確。a選項(xiàng)it，使前后成為兩個(gè)句子，中間無(wú)連詞連接，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。關(guān)系一、先行詞和關(guān)系詞1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(“Whoever”可以用“anyone who”代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(“what”可以用“all that”代替)但這兩句句子已經(jīng)不是定語(yǔ)從句了，是名詞性從句。例如:(1)The boy has as much progress as we had ，這個(gè)男孩取得了大的進(jìn)步。(2)This novel, which I have read three times, is very 。在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。限定性 限定性定語(yǔ)從句 意義: 限定性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)被修飾的先行詞有限定制約作用，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確。Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a ，每天得坐公共汽車(chē)去上班。where 關(guān)系副詞where主要用于修飾表地點(diǎn)的名詞，同時(shí)它在定語(yǔ)從句中用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。如: Don39。We39。如: 他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。與關(guān)系副詞when和where不同，why可以換成that或省略。t know the reason why he didn39。There is somebody here who wants to talk to 。By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two ，我們?cè)谀抢镆呀?jīng)待了兩個(gè)星期。(“whose”表示那個(gè)房子的窗戶)關(guān)系代詞:在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。(which/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))注:which在定語(yǔ)從句中指物，可作主語(yǔ)或及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ))注:who在定語(yǔ)從句中指人，作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。先行詞為those，he和people時(shí)。先行詞有人又有物時(shí)。先行詞被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修飾時(shí)。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)等，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(where)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(when)，原因狀語(yǔ)(why)。②指代先行詞。先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選 擇關(guān)系副詞。例如:(錯(cuò))This is the mountain village where I visited last year.(錯(cuò))I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.(對(duì))Thi