【正文】 The man by whom the wolf was shot was a good 。5.”介詞+ which(指物)/whom(指人)“用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系分句中，作狀語，說明動作的執(zhí)行者。如: ①Could you tell me for whom you39。②There are a lot of students here, none of whom like the ，他們之中無人喜歡這部電影。3.”不定代詞或數(shù)詞+ of + which(指物)/whom(指人)“在關(guān)系分句中作主語，說明整體中的一部分。如: ①They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small ，前邊坐著一個小男孩。②The factory in which(= where)I work is a large 。This is the house where I lived two years you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎? Do you remember the day when you joined our club?二、介詞與關(guān)系代詞 ”介詞+關(guān)系代詞“的結(jié)構(gòu) 1.”介詞+ which“在關(guān)系分句中分別可作時間、地點和原因狀語，代替相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when, where和why。3)某些在從句中充當(dāng)時間，地點或原因狀語的”介詞+關(guān)系詞“結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞”when“和”where“互換。[定語從句]介詞+關(guān)系詞1)介詞后面的關(guān)系副詞不能省略。t a mother but faces this ，凡是母親都面臨著這個問題。There are very few but admire his 。同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補充說明的關(guān)系。The second foreign country that l expect to visit is 、先行詞是不定代詞時，如”all、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something“ This is the very good dictionary that I want to .、先行詞既有人又有物時Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?先行詞被”only“、”the every“、”no“、”one of“、”the right“、”the same“等修飾He is the only person that l want to talk 、在以”which“、”who“、”whom“ 引起的問句中，為避免重復(fù)，常用”that“ Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the Tshirt that fits me most?”there be“句型中先行詞在主句中作表語，或者關(guān)系代詞本身作從句的表語時宜用”that“ ”that“在作賓語時可省略。定語從句只能”that“引導(dǎo)的情況:先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾。All that needed is a supply of 。(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作是”the way“或”the reason“時，”that“可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略。We depend on the land from which we get our depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2)只能用”that“引導(dǎo):如先行詞被”last,just“修飾時，只用”that“。)c.”as...as“ As many children as came were given some ).”as“引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 常用句式:as is said above 綜上所述 as is known to all 眾所周知 as is often the case 通常如此as is reported in the newspaper 如報紙所報道的 6.”which“在特殊從定法(1)不用that的情況(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。舉例:①This is the same pen that I 。that從句中說明的名詞與the same修飾的名詞是同一個。如果先行成分不是主語補語或賓語補語，關(guān)系代詞用”which“而不用”as“。3).”as“和”which“在特殊從句中作補語。如: Freddie, as might be expected, was attending the ).”Which“作主語時，謂語動詞不限，主動被動皆可，只是謂語動詞為被動語態(tài)時助動詞”be“省略。而”which“特殊定語從句則無狀語意義。:”as“特殊定語從句的位置較靈活，可以置于先行成分之前、之中或之后?！盿s / which“特殊定語從句置于先行成分之后。二、“as/which”特殊定語從句在句中的位置。這句子可以是整個主句也可以只是主句中的一個從句?！癲o”可以出現(xiàn)，也可以不出現(xiàn)，但不能用其它動詞代替。這種動詞短語既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。值得一提的是，在這些具有形容詞性質(zhì)的名詞之后，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞不能用“who / whom”。但不同之處主要有兩點:(1)importance to me, as my own ，有些名詞可以具有形容詞的性質(zhì)。2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could 答案B A選項不能用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，C選項只能引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，而D選項習(xí)慣上并不適用。d選項he。b項that，此為非限定性從句，不能用“that”修飾。Alice received an invitation from her boss,______ came as a 答案C。因為定語從句一定要有先行詞，而名詞性從句沒有。(2)I helped an old man，who lost his way，我?guī)椭艘粋€迷路的老人。(2)As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long ，中國是一個有著悠久歷史的美麗國家。，有時as也可用作關(guān)系代詞，若as在從句中作主語，其引導(dǎo)的句子可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。, 對其進(jìn)行修飾,這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，例如:(1)He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets ，這使我心煩。在非限制性定語從句的前面往往有逗號隔開，如(1)The house,which I bought has a lovely 。(1)The book(that/ which)I am reading is very 。(3)We arrived the day that(on which)they 。限制性定語從句不能被省略，否則句意就不完整，例如I met some one who said he knows ，that有時相當(dāng)于in which,at which,for which或on which(1)Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have ，這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處。如: He works in a factory that [which] makes TV 。與前面when的情況一樣，注意不要一見到先行詞為地點名詞，就以為一定要用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時還要看它在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分如果在定語從句中用作地點狀語，就用where。s the hotel where we were staying last 。如: This is the village where he was 。關(guān)系代詞that / which在定語從句中用作動詞told的賓語，正因為是用作賓語，所以也可以省略。t forget the time(that, which)I39。如果在定語從句中不是用作時間狀語，而是用作主語或賓語，那就不能用when，而要用that, which等。ll put off the piic until next week, when the weather may be ，那時天氣可能會好一點。Gone are the days when they could do what they 。誤:The main reason, why he lost his job, was that he :The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.(同位語從句)when 關(guān)系副詞when主要用于修飾表時間的名詞，同時它在定語從句中用作時間狀語。另外，與關(guān)系副詞when和where可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句不一樣，why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。如: That39。t tell me the reason why she refused the 。t show 。如: We don39。分作進(jìn)一步說明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用“there is”開頭。I still remember the place where I met her for the first 。e)整個句中前面已有“which”，“why”時關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞在句中作狀語 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on which(介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/……1.“where”是關(guān)系副詞，當(dāng)然也不用“that”引導(dǎo)。c)被形容詞最高級修飾時。[eg:This is the book(which)you want.] “不及物動詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前面，但有的則放在它前面的位置。，“which”代表事物。(“whose parents”表示那個孩子的雙親)He lives in a room whose window faces 。that在定語從句中既可指人又可指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語和表語，作賓語時可省略，指人時，相當(dāng)于who或whom，指物時，相當(dāng)于which，作介詞賓語時，介詞不可提到that前，當(dāng)介詞提前時，需要用which或whom來代替。(which/that在從句中作主語)(2)The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to e 。做及物動詞或介詞的賓語，可省略。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)(3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English 。這些詞代替指人，whom在定語從句中指人，“who”和“that”既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略,who作賓語變?yōu)閣hom)，that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。非限定性定語從句中 先行詞本身是that多用who，不用that的情況 先行詞為anyone，one，ones時。當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。先行詞是be的表語或there be 的主語時。先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last修飾時。who, which, that 限定性定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞 作主語、作賓語、作定語指人：who/that、whom/that(可省略)、whose 指物：which/that、which/that(可省略)、whose 指人和物 ：that 非限定性定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞：作主語、作賓語、作定語 指人：who、whom、whose/of whom 指物：which、which、whose/of which 特殊情況: 只能用that的情況：先行詞為everything，all，little，much等不定代詞時。關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。一般who做主語或其賓格形式的whom做賓語(whom作賓語時可省略)，whose作為定語(whose不可省略)。③在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分。關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞常有3個作用: ①連接作用，連接主句和定語從句。例如:(對)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?(對)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held? 從句結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句公式：定語從句=先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句 先行詞：指被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞或句子。方法二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/、定、賓語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系代詞。ll never forget the days(which)I spent in the where, when聯(lián)系在一起。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞。He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years 年前居住過的地方。Beijin