【正文】 形容詞的比較級(jí)形式是：形容詞 + 后綴 er 或單詞 more + 形容詞。如表并列關(guān)系，形容詞之間須用逗號(hào)或and。形容詞的位置形容詞常放在它所修飾的名詞之前。(the young作主語)The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能夠用指尖學(xué)習(xí)閱讀書籍。3)賓語補(bǔ)足語 和賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。如：a lovely baby一個(gè)可愛的嬰兒the beautiful picture那幅美麗的圖畫modern history現(xiàn)代歷史形容詞的用法形容詞在句中可用作：1)定語He is a good 。如：eleven past seven七點(diǎn)過十一分a quarter past eight 八點(diǎn)一刻half past nine九點(diǎn)半b)表示幾點(diǎn)差幾分，用介詞to，但分?jǐn)?shù)須在半小時(shí)以上(不包括半小時(shí)在內(nèi))。如：We get up at six (或at six o39。如：(in) January (in) April (in)February (in) May五月(in) March (in) June六月(in) July七月(in) October (in) August (in)December (in) September (in)November 3)日期 用序數(shù)詞(前面須用the)表示；在某日，前面用介詞on。分?jǐn)?shù)和小數(shù)的讀法1)分?jǐn)?shù)(fraction)分子為基數(shù)詞，分母為序數(shù)詞并有復(fù)數(shù)。3)定語China exploded its first atom bomb in October 。5)序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式，由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)碼后加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成。2)有幾個(gè)序數(shù)詞加 th 時(shí)拼法不規(guī)則，它們是：fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth。Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the 。(注)hundred(百)，thousand(千)和million(百萬)作定語用時(shí)一律不用復(fù)數(shù)；作名詞用(后面多跟of短語)時(shí)則用復(fù)數(shù)。Three of them went to college last 。2)十位數(shù)與百位數(shù)之間有and。2) 2090第十位數(shù)的整數(shù)均以后綴ty[ti]結(jié)尾。種類1)基數(shù)詞 表示多少的詞叫做基數(shù)詞(cardinal numeral)，如：one (一)，twenty(二十)，hundred(百)等。is there anything important in today39。(我有話要說。(作主語)I have got nothing to 。(同位語)Are you any good at mathematics?你數(shù)學(xué)好嗎?(狀語)The meeting lasted some two 。china will bee a powerful modern country in another twenty ?，F(xiàn)在下課。I am speaking for myself，not for ，不代表別人發(fā)言。(關(guān)系代詞that在從句中用作主語，先行詞為plane)不定代詞概說不是指明代替任何特定名詞(或形容詞)的代詞叫做不定代詞。(關(guān)系代詞who在從句中用作土語，它的先行詞是man)He is the rade whom you have been looking for他就是你要找的那位同志。這樣的代詞有關(guān)系代詞和疑問代詞兩種。)I39。這些名詞性從句也不是間接疑問句。它引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，這個(gè)從句不是間接疑問句。)Do you know what his name is?你知道他叫什么名字嗎?(疑問代詞what引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句，而它本身又在從句中用作表語。如：What do you usually have for lunch?你們午飯通常吃些什么?Which do you like best?你最喜歡哪一個(gè)?Which of you rades e from the Northeast? 你們同志們中間誰是東北人?疑問代詞可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)間接疑問句間接疑問句在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語等。疑問代詞用于特殊疑問句中疑問代詞一般都放在句首，并在句中作為某一句子成分。(作主語)Take from the drawer such as you ，就從抽屜里拿吧。[注] such作定語時(shí)，它所修飾的名詞之前如有不定冠詞，這個(gè)不定冠詞應(yīng)放在Such之后，如上面第一例。s you，Lao ，是你呀，老王。指示代詞it在漢語中不必譯出。如：The book is about this 。(that代替climate)The county39。What I want to say is this：Pronunciation is very important in learning ：語音在英語學(xué)習(xí)中非常重要。如：I had a bad cold. That39。如：This is a sickle and that is an ，那是一把斧子。(作主語)Oh，it39。指示代詞概說表示這個(gè)、那個(gè)、這些、那些等指示概念的代詞叫做指示代詞。Students cut each other39。如：We are interested in one another39。相互代詞的用法1)作賓語。如：You yourself said 。(作look after的賓語)He was always ready to help others。如：a friend of mine我的一個(gè)朋友(表示部分觀念，意即我有不少朋友，他(她)是其中之一)this lovely child of yours你的這個(gè)可愛的孩子(有感情色彩)自身代詞概說 表示反射(指一個(gè)動(dòng)作回射到該動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者本身)或強(qiáng)調(diào)(即用來加強(qiáng)名詞或代詞的語氣)的代詞叫做自身代詞。t borrow her dictionary. I borrowed ，我借的是他的。I saw a film lasts saturday. Its title was Guerrillas on the Plains.我上星期六看了一個(gè)電影，名叫《平原游擊隊(duì)》。s going to be another good harvest this 。c)北有時(shí)可用來代替小孩(child)和嬰兒(baby)。如：That39。3)人稱代詞的其他用法 各人稱代詞除按照自身的人稱、數(shù)和格使用外，還有下列一些特殊用法：a)報(bào)刊的編輯和文章的作者，在發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，常用we代替I (同樣用our代替my)。2)人稱代詞賓格的用法a)作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語The dog bit 。[注一]第一人稱單數(shù)人稱代詞I (我)永遠(yuǎn)要大寫。人稱代詞的用法1)人稱代詞主格的用法a)作主語I am a cook.(炊事員) We are cooks，You are a teacher.(教師) You are teachers.He is a barber.(理發(fā)員) The yare barbers.She is a nurse.(護(hù)士)The yare nurses.It is a cart.(大車) They are carts.b)作表語It39。5)有或沒有冠詞 代詞之前一般不用冠詞，只有少數(shù)例外。s一個(gè)人的。(作定語)3)格的變化 有些代詞有格的變化，如 I 我(主格)，me我(賓格)，Who誰(主格)，whom誰(賓格)。(作主語)Can I help you?我能幫你的忙嗎?(作賓語)That39。b)有些代詞和形容詞一樣，可作定語。如：Letter from Beijing: Women in Capital Cotton Mill 《北京來信：首都棉紡廠的婦女》(文章標(biāo)題，letter之前省去了不定冠詞a。9)節(jié)日、假日等名稱之前不用冠詞。8)球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類游戲等名詞前不用冠詞。如：by air乘飛機(jī)，at night夜間，in fact事實(shí)上，in danger在危險(xiǎn)中，after school放學(xué)后，at home在家中，in town在城里，to go to school上學(xué)去，to go to bed去睡覺，to go to class去上課，from door to door挨門挨戶，from morning till night從早到晚。Books are my best 。當(dāng)然也可以說in spring。Her little daughter was born in April 。I want this book, not that ，不要那本書。如：Canada加拿大，Japanese日語，love愛，hatred恨，glass玻璃，water水。Maotai is a famous Chinese 。The oil produced in Dagang is of firstrate 。He is fond of 。如：The Lius have moved to ，The Greens came to China for a visit last 。如：the People39。s Congress全國人民代表大會(huì)，the State Council國務(wù)院，the United Nations聯(lián)合國c)朝代、時(shí)代的名稱前：the Tang dynasty唐朝，the Warring States period戰(zhàn)國時(shí)代。2)在含有普通名詞的專有名詞前。斯諾。January is the first month of the 。如the Chinese Communist Party中國共產(chǎn)黨，the working class工人階級(jí)，the bourgeoisie資產(chǎn)階級(jí)，the Labour Party(英國)工黨7)定冠詞還可與某些形容詞連用，使形容詞名詞化，代表某一類人或物。如：At the Children39。如：The Chinese student of English is apt to make such 。如：Last week I read a story and a play. The story is about the Second World War and the play about the life of university 。(雙方都知道指的是哪一個(gè)門)The Manager is in his 。We plan to cut the wheat in these fields in three days39。(以別于其他房子)The book on the desk is an English 。The Chinese Export Commodities Fair is held in Guangzhou twice a 。A car stopped in front of the 。(意即任何一個(gè)鋼鐵工人都煉鋼)A triangle has three 。s father is a 。TE]。c)在元音前讀[Ti]，輔音前讀[TE]。 nist] person一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。601。字母h如不發(fā)音，第一個(gè)音又是元音，前面用an而不用a，如an hour [amp。b) a用在輔音之前，an用在元音之前。s (shop).我在約翰遜商店遇見了他。如：The dictionary is not mine, but Xiao Wang39。s friends)我妹妹的一個(gè)朋友；a picture of Mr. Wu39。+所有格形式，表示部分觀念或感情色彩。如：the Party39。s notebook小王的筆記本children39。(sentence在句中作主語，故是主格；letter是介詞with的賓語，故是賓格)表示有生命的東西的名詞的所有格表示有生命的東西的名詞(人或動(dòng)物)的末尾，加上39。但英語的名詞除所有格有形式的變化外，主格和賓格都沒有形式變化。類名詞和集體名詞一般是可數(shù)的；抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和專有名詞一般是不可數(shù)的。如：class 階級(jí)，班 herd 獸群crowd 人群 army 軍隊(duì)3)物質(zhì)名詞(material noun)物質(zhì)名詞表示物質(zhì)或不具備確定形狀和大小的個(gè)體的實(shí)物。其中實(shí)詞的第一個(gè)字母必須大寫。如：Oh，it39。9)連詞的位置 連詞一般放在同類的詞、短語或從句之間。7)冠詞的位置 冠詞在名詞之前。(very為狀語，修飾形容詞beautiful，放在beautiful之前)I know him 。如：The school library has many books on 。4)賓語的位置 在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。如：We go to school every 。英語里的詞和句子成分在句子里的位置比較固定。s a long time since I saw you 。s Republic of China was founded in 。d)定語從句(attributive clause)如This is the thing I want to say(這就是我要說的)中的I want to say。從句在句子里可以作為一個(gè)句子成分，一般由連詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞所引導(dǎo)。b)動(dòng)名詞短語(gerundial phrase)如：Staying indoors all day is unhealthy(整天呆在家里不利于健康)中的staymg indoors all day。(形容詞excellent作定語)狀語：副詞Our