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1--英語中的16種時態(tài)(全)-wenkub.com

2025-08-01 18:37 本頁面
   

【正文】 狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導(dǎo),也可以由詞組引起。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。--此例為主語從句,有誤,感謝指出)   用if會引起歧義時,只用whether。如:   His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔(dān)心是否會失去工作。 if和whether的區(qū)別:   在動詞不定式之前只能用whether。   介詞賓語:I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。   表語:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 問題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。 2)Wh從句做主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh從句置于句末,例如:  It is not yet decided who will do that job.  還沒決定誰做這項工作。   同位語: I have no idea when he will return.   我不知道他什么時候回來。s own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以隨心所欲。   用it作形式主語的that從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系: a. It + be +形容詞+ that從句   It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是……   It is obvious that… 很明顯…… b. It + be + ed 分詞+ that從句   It is believed that… 人們相信…… It is known to all that… 眾所周知……   It has been decided that… 已決定…… c. It + be +名詞+ that從句   It is mon knowledge that… ……是常識   It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是……  It is a fact that… 事實是…… d. It +不及物動詞+ that從句   It appears that… 似乎……  It happens that… 碰巧……   It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 6)名詞性wh從句1)由wh詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh從句。   同位語:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.   最近誰也沒有見過他,這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。That只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分,本身也沒有詞義。   I have no idea when he will e back home. 我不知道他什么時候回來。例如:   The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語從句,但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語從句。   This is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問題所在。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣,表語從句位于聯(lián)系動詞后,有時用as if引導(dǎo)。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。   I wonder whether he will e or not. 我想知道他來還是不來。 3. 用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒,仍保持陳述句語序。   The mander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)。例如:   He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。   Who will win the match is still unknown. 誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。 1)主語從句  作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。   從句不能單獨成句,但它也有主語部分和謂語部分,就像一個句子一樣。并列句中的各簡單句意義同等重要,相互之間沒有從屬關(guān)系,是平行并列的關(guān)系。本章要求了解代詞it 和引詞it 的各種用法,重點掌握it 用于前指或后指;引詞it 用于強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。作引詞時,它本身無實義,只起先行引導(dǎo)的作用。(不定式go用作補語)   注意:有時兩個或更多的并列主語擁有一個共同的謂語,甚至并列有兩個主語和兩個謂語,這樣的句子仍然是簡單句,例:   China and other countries in the east Asia are developing 。 +謂+賓+賓  這種句型可稱為主謂賓賓結(jié)構(gòu),其謂語應(yīng)是可有雙賓語的及物動詞,兩個賓語一個是間接賓語,一個是直接賓語,例:   He gave the book to his sister. I39。   The milk turned 。其它各種句子形式都是由此句型發(fā)展而來,如五大基本句型: +謂這種句型簡稱為主謂結(jié)構(gòu),其謂語一般都是不及物動詞,例:   Things 。 My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.5. 一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時,動詞短語應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個整體,而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。   The boss made the little boy do heavy work. →The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 這個老板讓這小男孩干重活。   This pen writes well. 這支鋼筆很好寫。   4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. →Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.   5. Lucy is writing a letter now. →A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在寫信。   Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作業(yè)可以明天交。   The project will have been pleted before 。   The new road was being 。   They are planting trees over there. →   Trees are being planted over there by them. 他們在那里種植的樹木。   Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龍蛋被放置了很久很久。主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)一、 被動語態(tài)的用法: 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成:is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞   Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我們教室每天都被打掃。   If we don39。(最近)   ⑤反復(fù)動作:He had been asking me the same 。   Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他們期待這個消息有一段時間了吧?  ?。孩偕形赐瓿桑篐e had been writing the 。   The children have been watching TV since six o39。 十三、 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 ?。罕硎緩倪^去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。 十二、 過去將來完成時 ?。罕硎驹谶^去某一時間對將來某一時刻以前所會發(fā)生的動作,常用在虛擬語氣中,表示與過去的事實相反。   :As
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