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它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動(dòng)詞、定語、狀語或整個(gè)句子。如: Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know. 這是否真的,我真的不知道。 I don39。 7)if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句1)yesno型疑問從句 從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yesno型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh從句的功能相同, 例如: 主語:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計(jì)劃是否可行還有等證實(shí)。 表語:My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會(huì)主席職位。 It39。 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別: that作為關(guān)系代詞,可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,充當(dāng)句子成分,在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略;that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí),起連詞的作用,沒有實(shí)際意義,不充當(dāng)句子成分,一般不能省略。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不會(huì)這樣做。例如: Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有沒有生命是個(gè)有趣的問題。 注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, mand, doubt等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后,賓語從句常用“(should)+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英語晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行,還沒有宣布。 名詞性從句 在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(Noun Clauses)。并列連詞有:and, but, or, so等。 It 引導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu) It 既是代詞又是引詞。 +謂+賓 這種句型可稱為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),它的謂語一般多是及物動(dòng)詞,例: We never beat 。 He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 句子基本句型結(jié)構(gòu) 句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。 3. 感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,主動(dòng)語態(tài)中不帶to ,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),須加上to。 例:1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. →The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 李雷今天上午在修理壞的自行車。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the 。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年會(huì)種更多的樹。 十六、 過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí) ?。罕硎緩倪^去某時(shí)看至未來某時(shí)以前會(huì)一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。(他曾努力學(xué)習(xí)過它) ?、畚吹媒Y(jié)果:We had been studying what our enemy had 。 ?。褐髡Z + have/has + been + doing + 其它 ?。簊ince + 時(shí)間點(diǎn),for + 時(shí)間段等。 基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語 + had + (過去分詞) + 其它 ?、倏隙ň洌褐髡Z + had + (過去分詞) + 其它 ?、诜穸ň洌褐髡Z + had + not + (過去分詞) + 其它 ?、垡话阋蓡柧洌篐ad +主語 + (過去分詞)+其它 ?、芴厥庖蓡柧洌禾厥庖蓡栐~ + 一般疑問句 十一、 將來完成時(shí) :在將來某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) ?。篵y the time of。 ?。簓et, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn),for + 時(shí)間段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. :主語 + have/has + (過去分詞) + 其它 ?。褐髡Z + have/has + not + (過去分詞) + 其它 :have或has放句首。 七、 將來進(jìn)行時(shí) :表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,或表示要在將來某一時(shí)間開始,并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。 五、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ?。罕硎粳F(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。 三、 一般將來時(shí) ?。罕硎緦⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。 Action speaks louder than 。動(dòng)詞16個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) :表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況;有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況;總是發(fā)生的;和事實(shí)真理。 二、 一般過去時(shí) ?。哼^去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。 ?。篢omorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. ?。褐髡Z + am/is/are + going to + do + 其它;主語 + will/shall + do + 其它 ?。褐髡Z + am/is/are not going to do ;主語 + will/shall not do + 其它 :be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。 ?。篘ow, at this time, days, etc. look, listen ?。褐髡Z + be + doing + 其它 :主語 + be + not +doing + 其它 ?。喊裝e動(dòng)詞放于句首。常用來表示詢問、請(qǐng)求等。 ?。篒39。 by the end of + 時(shí)間短語(將來);by the time + 從句(將來) ?。褐髡Z + be going to/will/shall + have + (過去分詞) + 其它 4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this ,就將發(fā)生巨大的變化。 :I have been sitting here for an 。(但是我們沒有理解) ?、茏罱闆r:He had been quarrelling with his 。 :should/would + have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞 :He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty ,到年底時(shí),他就在那住了30年了。 4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成:am / is / are + being + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行車。 :shall/will + have done They will have been married for 20 years by then. 屆時(shí),他們結(jié)婚將滿20周年。 3. He has written two novels so far. →Two novels have been written by him