【正文】 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1974 All rights reserved.7【TITLE】ESTIMATION OF OXIDATION LIFE OF AUSTENITIC HEAT RESISTING STEELS FOR AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL EQUIPMENT.【BY】Sano, Minoru。 Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers：419~425【ABSTRACT】Three types of planar solidstate sensors for measuring NO2 in a gas mixture has been designed and tested in the laboratory under controlled atmosphere between 573723 K. The concentration of NO2 in the gas mixture was in the range of 0500 ppm with the balance gas consisting of air. The three types of NO2 gas sensors that have been tested in this investigation can be schematically represented as follows: Pt, NO2 + air, NaNO3 + Ba(NO3)2|NASICON disk | Porous YSZ disk | NO2 + air, Pt (I) Pt, NO2 + air, NaNO3 + Ba(NO3)2 | NASICON disk | YSZ thin film | NO2 + air, Pt (II) Pt, NO2 + air, Pt | YSZ disk | Au Pd, NO2 + air, Pt (III) In sensor (I) the two solid electrolyte disks were attached by diffusion bonding at elevated temperature whereas in sensor (II) the (8 mol% Y2O3ZrO2) YSZ thin film was deposited on (Na3Zr2Si2PO12) NASICON disk by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. The measured open circuit electromotive force (Emf) of each sensor was found to attain stable value at all the concentrations of NO2 in the gas mixture and also varied linearly as a function of the logarithm of the partial pressure of NO2 in the gas mixture. The time required to reach 90% of the stable emf at a fixed concentration of NO2 and at a constant temperature was found to be 3040 min for sensor (I) and approximately 23 min for sensor (II) and (III). (22 refs)6【TITLE】An automobile exhaust emission model【BY】Kunselman, Paul McAdams, . Williams, Marcia E. Domke, Charles J. 【FROM】SAE Technical Papers, 1974, Combined Commercial Vehicle and Fuels and Lubricants Meetings。 these standards were approved by the Ministers of the Environment one year later. As the control of automotive pollution is at present mainly a catalytic problem, it was decided to hold an International Symposium on the subject, and an organizing mittee posed of people engaged in catalytic research in the different Belgian Universities was constituted. This was the first Symposium of its kind to be held on an international level, and the quality and scientific interest of the papers presented was exceptional. It is planned to hold a followup Symposium in 2 to 3 years39。G. There are several possibilities for improving cold starting and warmup, such as adding volatile starting additives to methanol, using special “cold start” substances (. butane, methyl ether, gasoline) which are sprayed into the intake air during starting, or employing a small flame preheater in the intake manifold.Vapor lock is not a problem when pure methanol is used. Furthermore, tests with cars modified to run on methanol indicated acceptable to good coldstart driveability.Fuel economy was measured during exhaust emission tests, driveability tests, and specific fuel economy tests. Because of methanol’s lower energy content, mass specific fuel consumption is noticeably greater than that with gasoline. However, fuel consumption related to consumed energy is considerably lower than that with gasoline. This means that methanol burned more efficiently than gasoline. At 2,000 rpm and wideopenthrottle, a 17% increase in brake efficiency has been observed.7【TITLE】Vehicle Exhaust Emission Testing Procedures Overview and Criticism 【BY】Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Horst Klingenberg 【FROM】Automobile Exhaust Emission Testing pp 311362【ABSTRACT】Fig provides an overview of the mandatory tests to ensure that the automotive manufacturer and the vehicle owner ply with the standards for limited exhaust emission ponents.8【TITLE】Application of supported perovskitetype catalysts for vehicular emission control【BY】Nitin Labhsetwar,R. B. Biniwale,Rakesh Kumar,S. Rayalu,Sukumar Devotta.【FROM】Catalysis Surveys from Asia March 2006, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp 55–64【ABSTRACT】Catalytic control of autoexhaust emissions is one of the most successful applications of heterogeneous catalysis, both in mercial and environmental point of views. Although noble metalbased catalysts have dominated this area, efforts were always put in towards development of low cost nonnoble metalbased catalysts. With the recent need of closedcoupled catalytic converter, thermal stability requirements have also bee more severe, leading to the search for stable catalytic materials. Mixed oxides, including those perovskite type pounds with ABO3 structure have been extensively studied, mainly for their catalytic and electrical properties. Low surface area of these catalysts has so far been the most important limitation for their catalytic applications involving high space velocities, . autoexhaust catalysis. Various synthesis routes have been earlier attempted to improve their surface area, yet this was much inferior than the noble metal catalysts, dispersed on high surface area alumina. The in situ synthesis of these oxides on alumina is often associated with the formation of undesired phases, due to the reactive nature of perovskite precursors. However, alumina washcoat, monly used for improving the surface area of ceramic and metallic catalyst supports, can be modified for perovskite applications. In situ synthesis of stabilized perovskites on modified aluminawashcoated supports offer high surface area and excellent catalyst adhesion. Although, it is difficult to ascertain the presence of pure perovskite type materials on support, such improved synthesis has resulted in remarkable improvement in their catalytic activity for their applications in autoexhaust catalytic converters. This review presents our work on synthesis of various improved perovskitetype mixed oxides supported on modified aluminawashcoated cordierite honeyb, their cha