【正文】
the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights。s interests, we should depend on the situation 24 Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party39。s close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party39。s basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the anization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised Regulations adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party anizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party39。s selfdiscipline norms and party members and leading cadre clean fingered selfdiscipline norms, a total of eight, collectively referred to as the eight. Four must and eight of the content from the party constitution and Party39。s ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the code closely linked to the selfdiscipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized selfdiscipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the 16 party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of selfdiscipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party39。 the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of countylevel leading cadres above. rule is in 1997 Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) based on revision, in December 2020 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the prehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition。s 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party39。 the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems。此外,各項(xiàng)成本控制制度必須從 上到下貫徹執(zhí)行,認(rèn)真遵守,只有這樣才能真正達(dá)到成本控制的目的。 工程項(xiàng)目成本控制是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程, 項(xiàng)目成本控制的組織措施,技術(shù)措施,經(jīng)濟(jì)措施,三者是融為一體,相互作用的。在合同的執(zhí)行過程中,嚴(yán)格把握材料的質(zhì)量關(guān)和數(shù)量關(guān),防止以次充好,以少充多等情況的發(fā)生。 7 ( 3) 材料費(fèi)控制管理 在施工項(xiàng)目的成本構(gòu)成中,工程所需的材料成本在簽訂項(xiàng)目成本中所占比重 最大,一般可達(dá) 70%左右,是施工項(xiàng)目成本控制成敗的關(guān)鍵。施工方案不同則工期、機(jī)具、費(fèi)用也會(huì)不同,因此正確選擇施工方案是降低成本的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)工程變更資料,及時(shí)辦理增減手續(xù)。 6 嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行項(xiàng)目法,體現(xiàn)企業(yè)利潤中心的地位和施工項(xiàng)目成本的職能,落實(shí)責(zé)、 權(quán)、利相結(jié)合的成本管理模式和體制,遵循民主集中制原則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、規(guī)范化的原則,建立施工項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部。 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理是項(xiàng)目成本管理的第一責(zé)任人,全面管理組織項(xiàng)目的成本管理工 作。 (二) 推行三大成本控制措施 降低施工項(xiàng)目成本的途徑,應(yīng)該是既開源又節(jié)流,或者說即增收又節(jié)支。 、 權(quán) 、 利相結(jié)合的原則 控制得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要保證。項(xiàng)目成本的全過程控制要求成本控制工作要隨著項(xiàng)目施工進(jìn)展的各個(gè)階段連續(xù)進(jìn)行,既不能疏漏,又 不能 5 時(shí)緊時(shí)松,應(yīng)使施工項(xiàng)目成本自始至終置于 有效的控制下 成本控制的目的是提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,其途徑包括降低成本支出和增加預(yù)算收人 兩個(gè)方面,通過定期進(jìn)行成本核算、分析和加強(qiáng)合同管理,及時(shí)辦理合同外價(jià)款的結(jié)算,來提高項(xiàng)目成本的管理水平。在實(shí)施目標(biāo)管理過程中,目標(biāo)的設(shè)定應(yīng)切實(shí)可行,具有明確性和可考核性。 設(shè)備選用也是施工新技術(shù)的表現(xiàn)形式,一臺新,而技術(shù)含量高的設(shè)備與一臺 老而舊的設(shè)備相比,他們所釋放出的能量是不可同時(shí)而 語,所表現(xiàn)的生產(chǎn)成本和 最終成本是成正比,產(chǎn)出越大,利潤越高。順便找來上崗,沒有國家認(rèn)可的上崗證,職業(yè)資格證,就會(huì)使安全事故發(fā)生率上升,產(chǎn)生傷亡,設(shè)備破損,沒人修理,產(chǎn)生浪費(fèi)增加成本。能促進(jìn)整體成本控制,財(cái)務(wù)人員的設(shè)置。 三、 不利 原因 的 分析 3 (一) 管理項(xiàng)目人員組織的科學(xué)合理性差 一個(gè)具有全面性,科學(xué)性和程序性的管理項(xiàng)目組織對進(jìn)度控制,質(zhì)量控制,費(fèi)用控制 合同管理和信息管理能準(zhǔn)時(shí)全面掌控和協(xié)調(diào)。 (三)施工項(xiàng)目管理班子成員有待進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng) 目前,多數(shù)的施工企業(yè)存在一種普遍現(xiàn)象, 管理人員配備不科學(xué)性,有些崗位人員多,有些崗位人員不夠,有些崗位甚至沒有人。這樣制定的目標(biāo)成本往往是不精確的,對項(xiàng)目的成本控制沒有太多的指導(dǎo)意義。措施費(fèi)對不同施工企業(yè)、不同工程項(xiàng)目 , 其發(fā)生的范圍和內(nèi)容需根據(jù)實(shí)際情況予以確定;間接成本由規(guī)費(fèi)和企業(yè)管理費(fèi)組成。就目前來講 , 施工企業(yè)成本分為直接成本和間接成本兩部分。本文分析了當(dāng)前施工企業(yè)工程成本中存在的問題 ,總結(jié)出一套切合實(shí)際的解決方法。 關(guān)鍵詞: 施工 項(xiàng)目 成本控制 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 項(xiàng)目管理 1 淺論 建筑企業(yè) 施工項(xiàng)目成本控制 問題與對策 伴隨著施工企業(yè)以市場發(fā)育、競爭激化為背景的經(jīng)營機(jī)制轉(zhuǎn)換進(jìn)程,施工企業(yè)內(nèi)部的管理體制、運(yùn)行方式及核算體系 發(fā)生了深刻的變化。施工項(xiàng)目成本控制是施工項(xiàng)目管理績效評價(jià)的客觀、公正的標(biāo)尺。只有做好這些才能加強(qiáng)我們做好施工項(xiàng)目管理和項(xiàng)目成本控制。施工項(xiàng)目作為施工企業(yè)最基本的工程管理實(shí)體,同時(shí)也是企業(yè)與業(yè)主所簽訂的工程承包合同事實(shí)上的履約主體,肩負(fù)著對完整的建筑產(chǎn)品全面、全過程管理的責(zé)任 。 一、 施工項(xiàng)目成本控制的概念、構(gòu)成 (一) 施工項(xiàng)目成本控制的概念 項(xiàng)目成本控制是在保證滿足工程質(zhì)量、工期等合同要求的前提下,對項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過程中所發(fā)生的費(fèi)用,運(yùn)用以成本會(huì)計(jì)為主的各種方法,預(yù)定成本限額,以實(shí)際成本和成本限額相比較,衡量企業(yè)經(jīng)營活動(dòng)的成績和效果,并以例外原則糾正不利差異,以提高工作效率,實(shí)現(xiàn)乃至超額實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)預(yù)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。直接成本由直接工程費(fèi)和措施費(fèi)組成。規(guī)費(fèi)是施工企業(yè)按政府和有關(guān)行政主管部門規(guī)定必須繳納的費(fèi)用。 (二) 施工項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理責(zé)任制的作用得不到充分的發(fā)揮 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理是施工企業(yè)法定代表人在承包的建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目上的委托代理人,項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理責(zé)任制是以項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理為責(zé)任主體的施工項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)責(zé)任制度。如:財(cái)務(wù)管理人員的設(shè)置,技術(shù)人員的設(shè)置,安全管理人員的設(shè)置,特殊工種的設(shè)置。他能組織高效益的施工,保證施工生產(chǎn)合理配置,以實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)和企業(yè)獲得綜合效益, 降低控制管理成本,實(shí)現(xiàn)所要求的質(zhì)量,所規(guī)定的時(shí)限,所批準(zhǔn)的費(fèi)用預(yù)算全過程,能全方位的規(guī)劃,組織,控制和協(xié)調(diào)。完整的財(cái)務(wù)人員配置,能及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的監(jiān)控資金運(yùn)作和成本控制,對人 工費(fèi)、材料費(fèi)用能及時(shí)通報(bào) 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部,作好及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的安排,可當(dāng)前項(xiàng)目管理中是項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理一人總管,財(cái)務(wù)人員沒有監(jiān)管的權(quán)利,一人獨(dú)權(quán),項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理說了算,甚至鼓動(dòng)財(cái)務(wù)監(jiān)管人員一起造假、使贏利變虧損,這樣成本控制根本不起作用,所以財(cái)務(wù)人員必須公正,嚴(yán)格配備,起到監(jiān)管作用,不能只當(dāng)擺設(shè),更不能同流合污。 (二) 施工技術(shù)的完整性,