【正文】 s attention. So, in some cases the Westerners consider the Chinese people inscrutable. An American businessman was asked what he thought was of business munications. His answer was, All you need is the most important aspect the five Ws one H: what, who, where, when, and how. Nothing else. If it39。t succeed, try, try and try again. This optimistic view of future also sees Americans believing they can control the future, as can be seen from the address by former president Lyndon Johnson: Yesterday is not ours to recover, but tomorrow is ours to win or lose. Pastoriented cultures believe strongly in the significance of prior events. History, established religions, and tradition are extremely important for there is a strong belief that the past should be the guide for making decisions and . We can see this orientation in China, which because of its long and splendid history continues to respect the past. A Chinese proverb says: Consider the past and you will know the present. Chinese historical dramas lead boxoffice sales. And as Adler notes, Chinese children have no spaceage superman to emulate. Even at play they pretend to be the Monkey supernatural hero of a medieval epic. (qtd. In Samovar and Porter, 2020:72) and Ethics Religion is but one kind of world view, and religion always includes an ethic(Smith1994:210), which is a system of moral principles or rules of conduct. In the paper, we regard religion and ethic as the sources of cultural interference incrosscultural munication mainly for two reasons. First, religions not only reflect different spiritual and psychological needs of Department of Foreign Languages, Hunan First Normal University 11 people in different cultures, but also reveal some of the social aspects and practices that vary from culture to culture. Religion can show very clearly how a culture perceives issues such as life, death, social relationships, ethics, munity and other matters that affect munication. Second, as it is very obvious for municators across cultural boundaries that religion is one of the sources of numerous expressions, such as: idioms, allusions, etc., which are not always easy to understand and often cause confusion. When it es to Chinese religion and ethic, Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism would inevitably be mentioned. Confucianism advocates benevolence, justice, propriety, wisdom, confidence, loyalty and filial piety. Taoism holds that everything has two opposite sides。s orientation toward such things as God, nature, life. death, the universe and other philosophical issues that influence how its members perceive their world. World views influence all aspects of our perception and consequently affect our belief and value systems as well as how we think. Thus, world views differ culturally. In particular, the Oriental world views (for example, Chinese, Korean, and ?apanese) are quite different from the Western world views (for instance, American, British, and German) in some specific aspects 1) Doing vs. Being English speakers tend to have a mancentered view. They hold the desire to conquer nature. The oriental worldview is apt to keep balanced relationships between man and cosmos. It is vital to maintain the harmonious Department of Foreign Languages, Hunan First Normal University 9 relationships. The American history }s characterized by confrontation with and exploitation of the external world and by the conquest of natural conditions. It is natural for Americans to approve of getting things done. Doing, as Stewart asserts, is the dominant activity for Americans. Thus, the selfmade persons like A. Lincoln and Franklin are ideals to Americans. In Chinese culture, it is preferable to the adaptive attitude to nature. They tend to look at humanity and nature as inseparability with man, thus they learn to adjust themselves to the surroundings and remain a harmonious relationship with nature and with others. Thus the Chinese often say Let me think. we should consult with others, or we shall discuss it later. The delay often annoys English speakers. In ChineseEnglish verbal munication, the municators from the two speech munities often contrast with each other as transfer of the different attitude to doing. 2) Guilt vs. Shame Ruth Benedic uses a bination of the concepts of guilt and shame to describe the west and oriental attitude to life. (qtd. In Jia Yuxin, 1999) True shame cultures rely on external sanctions for good behavior, while guilt cultures depend on an internalized conviction of sin. (Benedict, 1 946: 223。 English proficiency test, the only way is to test. Students are to test and learn. Unit testing, half of the exam, the final exam or other forms of examinations so that students could attend, flowers a lot of time to go back the word, back grammar, that master these mastered the English language。 in several issues should pay attention to the teaching of once again requires teachers to help students manage. Understand and respect the culture of other countries , to guide students to love the motherland and promote the culture . Department of Foreign Languages, Hunan First Normal University 5 These include two implications : first, understanding and recognition of cultural differences, crosscultural munication students awareness, learn to properly articulate their thoughts with decent target language 。 cultures that affect how people think and behave. This includes understanding monalties of human behavior and differences in cultural patterns. From the viewpoint of Paige, Intercultural petence means having the knowledge,mitment, passion, and practical skills to effectively function in and respond to。s vision of a global village is no longer considere