【正文】 lack of a credit history and insufficient guarantees for creditors, especially in the case of the small and young firms。 the third part highlights the major difficulties in SMEs financing, and the fourth part of the paper reflects, mainly, the difficulties reported by the entrepreneurs in dealing with banks and the measures that need to be taken in order to improve the access to financing for these enterprises. The study ends with conclusions. The research methodology used in this paper starts with a literature review in order to highlight the importance of the subject addressed in our research. The analysis conducted in this paper is based on data and statistics provided mainly by the World Bank surveys, by certain empirical studies and by the National Council of Small and Medium Sized Private Enterprises in Romania. Based on the methodology used, the paper indicates the difficulties in SMEs financing and the crucial importance of enhancing the public authorities concerns regarding their alleviation, especially by adopting measures focused on increasing financial development. The limited availability and even lack of statistical data regarding the SMEs financing situation from various countries, including Romania, impose certain limits to the researches in the field, which can be overe as policy makers realize the vital importance of developing and monitoring specific indicators regarding the financing of this type of enterprises. 2. Literature review regarding the access to finance for SMEs The access to finance for SMEs represents a topic of great interest for the academic literature, as witnessed by the large number of studies addressing such a problem. Numerous studies based on various surveys highlight that access to finance is one of the most important obstacles in the way of enterprises’ growth and development, especially in the case of small and medium enterprises. The study realised by Beck, DemirgucKunt, Laeven and Maksimovic (2020) reflects, based on a survey that has included firms from 80 countries, the fundamental factors to which depends the enterprises’ access to finance. Thus, the study highlights the relationship between the access to finance for enterprises and their characteristics, such as age, size and propriety structure. From this perspective, the authors find that young firms of small size as well as national ones face greater obstacles when they seek to obtain financial resources. The study also highlights the relationship between the degree of economic and financial development of a country (expressed through the degree of financial intermediation, the level of capital market development, the efficiency of the legal framework, the GDP per capita) and the access to finance for enterprises. From this point of view, the authors demonstrate that in the financial developed countries it can be accounted a decrease of the difficulties that the firms face when they try to obtain financing resources. Furthermore, the study concludes that the institutional development is the most important feature that explains the differences between countries in terms of financing obstacles faced by enterprises. Beck, Demirg252。安吉拉 “ 亞歷山伊萬 中小企業(yè)試圖獲得必要的資金資源時面臨困難，關系到企業(yè)家和每個國家的經(jīng)濟環(huán)境，以及現(xiàn)有法律和制度結構。具體地說，當局應該針對通常用來衡量金融發(fā)展程度的七大支柱采取措施，即制度環(huán)境，商業(yè)環(huán)境， 金融穩(wěn)定，銀行金融服務，非銀行金融服務，金融市場和金融準入（世界經(jīng)濟論壇 2020： 5）。 改善中小企業(yè)融資問題仍然值得關注，也是國家、歐洲和國際當前面臨的一個挑戰(zhàn)。 為了改善中小企業(yè)的融資環(huán)境 ,不同國家的公共機構根據(jù)每 個國家的特殊性采取了一系列的措施 ,旨在 (國際金融公司 2020:26)改善法律及監(jiān)管結構 ,發(fā)展中小企業(yè)融資工具和直接干預市場促進中小企業(yè)融資（例如，發(fā)放貸款，通過特定的國家機構為企業(yè)家貸款提供擔保 ,提供財政撥款等。 總而言之，阻礙中小企業(yè)融資與企業(yè)家、經(jīng)濟環(huán)境以及體制、管理結構相關（尼 克斯可2020： 171）。 2020 年 10 月 29 日，這項在羅馬尼亞進行的中小企業(yè)調查凸顯了中小企業(yè)與銀行之間所面臨的主要問 題。在這方面，一些研究（班納吉和迪弗洛： 2020）已經(jīng)表明，主要原因與供給有關，因為每次當中小企業(yè)能夠獲得貸款，他們就用它來增加生產(chǎn)。因此，獲得這種類型的貸款對中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展是至關重要的。例如，世界銀行在 2020年至 2020 年的調查發(fā)現(xiàn)，在世界范圍內(nèi) 31%的研究報告 ,企業(yè)融資的一個主要障礙是目前實施的方式 ,甚至更高的比例在 40%的案件的年輕公司長達三年的經(jīng)驗（查韋 斯、克拉波爾和愛爾 2020： 1）。最后，在企業(yè)的范疇內(nèi)拒絕出現(xiàn)價格過高的金融產(chǎn)品或服務和不能滿足他們要求的金融產(chǎn)品或服務。因此，一方面企業(yè)獲得融資，一般的金融產(chǎn)品和服務，但不要使用他們，因為他們沒有可行的投資項 目。 3．在中小企業(yè)融資過程中的問題 一般來說，獲 得金融產(chǎn)品或金融服務或金融包容性假定沒有貿(mào)易壁壘的方式利用金融產(chǎn)品或服務 ,不管是否這些障礙或是不相關的定價（迪蒙瑞格 克魯特、貝克和霍諾根 2020： 2）。作者還指出 ,即使沒有發(fā)展良好的機構， 創(chuàng)新融資工具可以幫助促進中小企業(yè)的融資。此外 ,該研究報告的結論認為制度的發(fā)展是最重要的特征 ,解釋了不同國家之間企業(yè)在面臨融資障礙方面的差異。因此，研究突出企業(yè)融資和其特點之間的關系，如年齡、規(guī)模和產(chǎn)權結構。根據(jù)所采用的方法，指出了中小企業(yè)融資難問題和增強公共機構的關注的重要性，尤其是為提高金融發(fā)展采取的措施。 本文結構如下：第一部分包含導論的重要性和相關性的探討主題；第二部分致力于總結迄今為止在這一主題進行了主要研究的一個文獻綜述；第三部分強調中小企業(yè)融資的 主要困難原因 ,第四部分論述體現(xiàn) ,主要的一些困難是企業(yè)家在處理銀行和為這些企業(yè)改善融資需要采取的措施。因此 ,另一個問題處理 ,綜合分析在本文的公共機構所采取的一系列措施 ,以支持中小企業(yè)獲得融資。然而，這些企業(yè)面臨著許多障礙，限制他們的表現(xiàn)、增長和發(fā)展。在中小企業(yè)所面臨的困境，獲得融資渠道往往是作為一個主要障礙部署和擴大他們的活動。 關鍵詞： 中小企業(yè)，融資渠道，融資約束，銀行融資，支持措施 1． 介紹 在所有國家，中小企業(yè)是經(jīng)濟增長和創(chuàng)造工作機會的一個重要來源。最后是研究的結論。 2． 關于中小企業(yè)的融資渠