【正文】 句意：根據(jù)國(guó)際安全援助部隊(duì)的數(shù)據(jù)，2018年全世界共發(fā)生了66起無端的鯊魚咬傷事件，其中只有6起是危險(xiǎn)的。句意：根據(jù)國(guó)際安全援助部隊(duì)的數(shù)據(jù)，2018年全世界共發(fā)生了66起無端的鯊魚咬傷事件，其中只有6起是危險(xiǎn)的。句意：“即使被咬了，大多數(shù)人還是活下來了”，查普曼博士說。句意：根據(jù)佛羅里達(dá)博物館的國(guó)際鯊魚攻擊檔案（ISAF），人們死于雷擊的可能性是鯊魚咬的兩倍多。句意：更重要的是，捕撈鯊魚每年殺死多達(dá)1億只，危及幾個(gè)不同的物種。句意：但現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家指出，鯊魚組織是非常厲害的毒藥。句意：傳統(tǒng)上，魚翅湯被認(rèn)為對(duì)健康有益，在中國(guó)很特別。句意：這種情況在植物和昆蟲中很常見，比如螞蟻和蜜蜂。句意：一些雌性鯊魚有能力自己繁殖后代，并且在沒有雄性鯊魚的情況下產(chǎn)下幼鯊。句意：由于人們的錯(cuò)誤觀念，成千上萬的鯊魚正在死亡。 If you39。 Shark fins have medical function. Traditionally, shark fin soup ________(believe) to have health benefits and is quite special in China. ________modern scientists point out that shark tissue (組織)can be extremely high in poison. What39。 Female sharks need males to make babies. Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves and have young sharks ________a male shark. That39。 Some misunderstanding is putting shark populations at risk now. Thousands of sharks are dying as ________result of people39。10．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。句意：據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，黃河中上游地區(qū)約有4000萬人居住在窯洞中，窯洞面積約60萬平方公里分布于黃河中上游地區(qū)。句意：室內(nèi)溫度通常比冬天室外高13攝氏度，比夏天室外低10攝氏度。句意：通過利用原本閑置的空間來節(jié)約耕地。句意：窯洞之美在于它們有助于保持當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩砬闆r。 （6）考查介詞。 （5）考查連詞。故填which。故填are piled。故填dug。The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug；are piled；which；variety；and；as；that；making；lower；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風(fēng)格及給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆顜淼囊嫣帯? 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及形容詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，名詞，介詞，定語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，副詞以及固定搭配等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 （10）考查固定搭配?？崭裉幵诰渲行揎椄痹~worldwide，修飾副詞要用副詞，故填gradually。分析句子可知，本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“it is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that +剩余部分”，句強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)間狀語during this age，去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。分析句子可知，本句是定語從句，其中的Chang39。根據(jù)語境可指蹴鞠運(yùn)動(dòng)在唐代得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。句意：蹴鞠比賽常在故宮內(nèi)舉行。此處是主語從句，其中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。分析句子可知，本空是謂語動(dòng)詞，其中的主語是蹴鞠，與動(dòng)詞spread二者是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處的時(shí)間狀語是“漢代”，要用一般過去時(shí)，故填spread。它被國(guó)際足聯(lián)認(rèn)為是最早的足球形式。唐代得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，并逐漸在世界范圍內(nèi)流行。它被國(guó)際足聯(lián)認(rèn)為是最早的足球形式。 句意：除非醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，否則情況不會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)（直到醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)）。 （9）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。put it表達(dá)......故填it。 （7）考查代詞。 （6）考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞做主語，故填failing。句意：他們總是嘗試他們已經(jīng)做得很容易的動(dòng)作，保持在他們的舒適區(qū)內(nèi)。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。t like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (訴訟). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.【答案】 if / when；To stretch；remaining；failing；What；which / that；it；instead of；are repeated；Until / Unless 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功，作者用這個(gè)道理告訴美國(guó)的醫(yī)療保健部門只有學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，醫(yī)療事故的情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)。t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress. We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖論) is that our children can only truly succeed ________ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that worldclass figure skaters fall over more often in practice than lowlevel figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?7．After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word。 （10）考查副詞。此處做hear的賓語需要用名詞性物主代詞，故填yours。within arm39。句意：當(dāng)你盯著屏幕的時(shí)候，你的大腦會(huì)進(jìn)入這個(gè)區(qū)域，你會(huì)覺得大腦停止思考了。 （5）考查連詞。本空與上文”seeking only the benefits“構(gòu)成并列非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，故填ignoring。句意：人們相信，人們已經(jīng)欣然接受了技術(shù)，只追求它 的 好處而忽略了它的缺點(diǎn)。 （1）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 The more advanced technology bees, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We shop, work, play, search for information and seek ________ (chat) with each other online. Yet people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It ________ (believe) that people have readily embraced technology, seeking only the benefits but ________ (ignore) its drawbacks.6．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 （10）考查名詞。本句中know做非謂語動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語movable type printing構(gòu)成被動(dòng),故用過去分詞，填Known。句意：一名學(xué)生打印了她新寫的論文《孩子們收到的傳統(tǒng)紅包是自己的還是父母的?》。 （6）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞an expert,且先行詞在從句中做定語,故填關(guān)系代詞whose。句意：到目前為止,學(xué)校已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)了一位漢字文化專家,他的主要職責(zé)是教學(xué)生如何使用古代的印刷技術(shù)。 （2）考查冠詞。該校表示,這門課程旨在提高學(xué)生的漢字意識(shí)和對(duì)中國(guó)文化的欣賞。 The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chin