【導(dǎo)讀】通航，陸路、水運(yùn)交通均十分便利，見交通位置圖1-1。石灰?guī)r組成的低山區(qū)，山體標(biāo)高100～150m。群，湖泊面積1265km2。本區(qū)西部有京杭大運(yùn)河，河寬50m、水深3～4m，經(jīng)鄭集新河入微山湖。本區(qū)屬南溫帶魯淮區(qū)，具長江和黃河流域氣候的過渡區(qū)特征，氣候溫和，1297mm，多集中在7、8月間。年平均降雪日10天，最多28天，最大積雪厚度25mm。年平均氣溫14℃左右，七月份平均氣溫最高，一月份。年平均相對(duì)溫度70%，年平均蒸發(fā)量1679mm。在12月底至下年1月底。最大凍土深度24cm。本區(qū)全年以偏東風(fēng)為最多，本區(qū)地震烈度7度區(qū)。地震動(dòng)峰值加速度分區(qū)為～。山西組地層分界的標(biāo)志。粒砂巖及深灰色泥巖、粉砂巖和煤層組成。本組地層與下伏山西組為整合接觸?；?、深灰色泥巖及粉砂巖，多含植物根化石，偶夾薄層炭質(zhì)泥巖或煤線。上薄下厚，俗稱“奎山砂巖”，為上石盒子組與下石盒子組地層的分界標(biāo)志。僅見于04勘探線4號(hào)孔，厚度。主要有暗紅色泥巖、粉砂巖，

　　

【正文】 310 Mt/a may be gained during the first decade(1991~20xx), 370 Mt/a during the second decade (20xx~20xx),and 280 Mt/a during the third decade(20xx~2020). The resulted production scale may e to 1350 Mt in 2020(see Table 1). In the recent years, local governments have paid their attention to the construction of 15 local mines and the total production was Mt in 1990. In village and town mines, 100 key coal mining counties have been mines are larger in number, smaller in scale, unclear in resource, shouter in service life, and greater in its change. From now on the production of the operating mines will be decreasing annually, while some new mines will be built at the same period. It is predicted that local national mine’s production will be increasing by son amount. However, the output of village and town mines will be decreasing by certain amount(see Table 1). Table 1 Forecasted capacity and output of the mines in different periods and classes index 20xx 20xx 2020 Capacity(Mt/a) Output (Mt) Capacity(Mt/a) Output (Mt) Capacity(Mt/a) Output (Mt) Built mines New built mines Built mines New built mines Built mines New built mines National key mines 560 10 730 530 680 1050 490 960 1350 Local 160 160 310 110 310 400 30 430 450 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué) 20xx 屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 26 頁 national mines Village and town mines 260 100 360 140 180 320 30 270 300 Total 980 570 1400 780 1170 1770 550 1660 2100 3 Strategic March to the West in Coal Development Layout As we know, the distribution of coal resource and the economic development of the areas are mot evenly balanced. Moue important is the fact that their distributions are just opposite. That is, there is much more coal resource in the west than in the east, while the level of local economy development in the east is quite higher than that of west . The east, the coastal areas of the northeast, the region covering Beijing, Tiajian an Hebei(BTH), East China and the central and southern areas——altogether 19 provinces and cites account for above 72% the Chinese population and 80% of the gross national product(GNP), but the resource of coal in these areas is less than 20% of the total. The region covering Shanxi, Shaanxi and western InnerMongolia(SSWM) in the west has nearly 60% of the proved coal resource. On the other hand, both its population and GNP are only 6%~7% of the total. With the rapid development of national economy, the need for energy or coal will rise fast, however, the fact is that most of the mining areas, which are rich in coal resource and available for large scale development of new mining areas or for enlarging their production scales, are distributed in Shaanxi,Shanxi and eastern InnerMongolia. In line with the demand of being favorable to technique and reasonable in economy, the law of ―from the shallow to the deep, from the difficult to the easy, and from the close to the distant ―has been always kept in the process of coal developing and mining . since the people’s Republic of China was established in 1949, n most period, the key point of coal development was put on the east areas so that satisfied the national economy’s recovery and development. At the same time , the coal resource in the east has been greatly consumed, and the coal beds that are of advantages in reserve, shallow to the ground and easy to develop have been exploited .the focal point of coal development in nowadays will or march to the deep, or turn to the western areas, or to both of them . because the further exploitation of the coal resource in the east areas is at more than 1000 m below the ground, its developing conditions will bee more and more worse ,and deep mining will be faced with much more technical problems and poor reserves. in addition, the development in the west will be limited but the shortage of water resource and the restriction of both transportation capacity and environmental conditions . Therefore ,the major directing thought of coal development should be ―to stabilize the 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué) 20xx 屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 27 頁 east and to march toward the west strategically.‖ It means that in future 30 years coal output in the east will be steady for a long period of time. On the basis of this, there will be a great range of increase in output . on the other hand, the key point of construction will be Shanxi , Shaanxi and eastern Inner –Mongolia in the west. Based on Shanxi as its start, it will be exploited toward its west gradually. Since SSWM planning area is rich in coal resource, next to the east ,and with built Shanxi coal basis as its dependence, it will bee a major supply area in the ing 30 years and should be developed as accelerately as possible. The northeast planning area should make full use of its resource advantages in brown coal in eastern Inner Mongolia and in hard coal in the east of Heilongjiang, relying on itself so as to minimize the input amount of coal. By making good use of advantages in Shandong’s and Anhui’s resources, the production in this area should not only be stable for a long time but also gain a great increase. BTH planning area should production level. By utilizing coal and electricity power from Shanxi, the shortage of primary energy could be resolved. Central south planning area should make full use of the coal resource of henna, steady the reached output level, and make up the primary energy shortage by various methods, such as coal and power input, as well as exploitation of other energy resources. Though the resource in southwest planning area is rich, distributions in the area is not harmonious. Since the shortage of coal is severe in Sichuan, the development project should, on the basis of guarantee to Sichuna’s supply, output a certain amount of coal so as to support the c