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高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力口語(yǔ)考試具體總結(jié)-資料下載頁(yè)

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【正文】 ice等。大家還應(yīng)該記住下面這些表示加減關(guān)系的詞:more(多),less(少),late(晚),early(早),fast(快),slow(慢),before(前),after(后),add/addition(加上),plus(加上),subtract/ subtraction(減去),minus(減去)Dialogue 1:M: This black bag is and that blue one is a dollar : The red one is twice as much as the blue : How much are two red bags?||||這道題從選擇項(xiàng)上來(lái)看非常簡(jiǎn)單,因?yàn)閿?shù)字不大,所以乍一看選擇項(xiàng)有可能放松警惕,而實(shí)際上,這道貌似簡(jiǎn)單的題,中間卻暗含著陷阱。因?yàn)樵闹刑岬絙lack、blue、red三個(gè)顏色的bag,最后提問(wèn)的是紅色書(shū)包的價(jià)格,包含了一個(gè)加法和乘法運(yùn)算。如果大家在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候沒(méi)記好,又沒(méi)有好筆記,就很容易出錯(cuò)。因此,在聽(tīng)力答題中要保持一個(gè)清醒的頭腦,穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打是成功的重要保證。Dialogue 2:W: Three hours ago,I saw Bob at a he home yet?M: said he would be back at four and it39。s six : What time did the woman see Bob?A??2∶00 B??3∶00 C??5∶00 D??6∶00在這個(gè)例子中,見(jiàn)到Bob的具體時(shí)間必須依據(jù)現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間推斷出?,F(xiàn)在時(shí)間是6點(diǎn)鐘,而說(shuō)話人是在三小時(shí)之前見(jiàn)到Bob的,因而那時(shí)的時(shí)間約是3點(diǎn)鐘。 3:M:Which coat did you finally decide to buy?W: Well,I would like to buy the green one,but it was S|,so I bought the pink one instead,and save S|: How much did the woman pay for the coat?A39。60 B??75 C??90 D??50原對(duì)話中并未直接給出說(shuō)話人所購(gòu)買的衣服的價(jià)錢,但可以通過(guò)其他信息推算出來(lái)。灰色衣服是85元,而買棕色的可以節(jié)省35元,即棕色的衣服是50元。 4: many people showed up for the meeting yesterday,thirty?M:Twentyfive are expected to e,but the number was double : What39。s the actual number of people who attended the meeting?A39。20 B39。35 C39。35 D39。50此題中的運(yùn)算關(guān)系由double一詞體現(xiàn)出來(lái),即雙倍的。原來(lái)預(yù)計(jì)有25人到場(chǎng),實(shí)際上是原先的兩倍,在漢英筆譯和英語(yǔ)寫作中,經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到數(shù)字;哪些場(chǎng)合用單詞表示,哪些場(chǎng)合用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示,往往使人難以確定,現(xiàn)行語(yǔ)法書(shū)中也極少涉及此類問(wèn)題。實(shí)際上,以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的國(guó)家,在書(shū)寫數(shù)字時(shí)已形成幾條約定俗成的規(guī)則,現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下供讀者參考。,即1至10用單詞表示,10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字(也有的以100為界限),這條原則值得我們行文時(shí)借鑒。 table measures ten feet by ,寬5英尺。 traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45to50minute class session two or three times a ,每次授課時(shí)間45到50分鐘,是大學(xué)程度課堂教學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)方式。,但不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示較恰當(dāng)。 are 203817 voters on the electoral 。 thirty thousand voters took part in this 。、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字,通常用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。 swivel of table is 。 March l991或3 March l991;a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣); 7 yards of carpet(買7碼地毯); 2 pounds of minced steak(訂購(gòu)2磅剁碎的肉)。如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù),可用單詞表示。 five miles per hour(每小時(shí)大約5英里) least ten yards away(至少有10碼遠(yuǎn)) for a moment or two(猶豫了片刻) have warned you a hundred times(我已經(jīng)警告你多少遍了)。,數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn),用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字比用單詞陳述更有利。 new engine has a capacity of litres and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per ,轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)輸出功率是153千瓦。 know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm,pressure is pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a ,1立方英尺的空氣在0攝氏度和760毫米汞柱壓力下,也就是說(shuō)12立方英尺空氣的重量是1磅。,句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。 July is an important date in American fourth of July... couples took part in the ballroom dancing 。應(yīng)改寫成:Nineteen couples took...%profit was a %的利潤(rùn)。應(yīng)改寫成:Sixty per cent profit… kilograms force was applied at the center point of the 。可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied...,可用帶連字符號(hào)的單詞表示。 1east twothirds of the classhave had 。 forms about fourfifths of the 。Some content above and below it doesn39。t go over 詞:主要分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩類。一、數(shù)詞的分類表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下:A.從1——10one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.B.從 11——19eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.這里除 eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen為特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴teen構(gòu)成。C.從 21——99 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty為特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時(shí),在幾十和個(gè)位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“”twentyoneseventysixD.百位數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”,表示幾百,在幾十幾與百位間加上and.a(chǎn) hundred and one320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and fortyeightE.千位數(shù)以上從數(shù)字的右端向左端數(shù)起,每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)逗號(hào)“,”。從右開(kāi)始,第一個(gè)“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 thousand,第二個(gè)“,”前面的數(shù)字后添加 million,第三個(gè)“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 billion。然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示,兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間最大的數(shù)為百位數(shù)形式。2,648 two thousand six hundred and fortyeight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixtyfour5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirtyseven million,one hundred and sixtysix thousand,two hundred and thirtyfourF.基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時(shí),不能使用百、千、百萬(wàn)、十億的復(fù)數(shù)形式;但是,當(dāng)基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字,如成百、成千上萬(wàn),三三兩兩時(shí),基數(shù)詞則以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。There are hundreds of people in the hall.大廳里有數(shù)以百計(jì)的人。Thousands and thousands of people e to visit the Museum of Qin TerraCotta Warriors and Horses every day.每天有成千上萬(wàn)的人來(lái)參觀秦兵馬涌博物館。They went to the theatre in twos and threes.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋?lái)到了劇院。G.表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代,用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。He became a professor in his thirties.他三十多歲時(shí)成為了教授。She died of lung cancer in forties.她四十來(lái)歲時(shí)死于肺癌。It was in the 1960s.那是在二十世紀(jì)六十年代。H.基數(shù)詞的句法功能基數(shù)詞在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。The two happily opened the box.兩個(gè)人高興地打開(kāi)了盒子。(作主語(yǔ))I need three altogether.我總共需要三個(gè)。(作賓語(yǔ))Four students are playing volleyball outside.四個(gè)學(xué)生在外面打排球。(作定語(yǔ))We are sixteen.我們是16個(gè)人。(作表語(yǔ))They three tried to finish the task before sunset.他們?nèi)齻€(gè)人盡力想在日落前完成任務(wù)(作同位語(yǔ))表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞的主要形式:A.從第一至第十九其中,one— first,two— second,three— third,five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth為特殊形式,其它的序數(shù)詞都是由其相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面添加“th”構(gòu)成。例如: six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth.B.從第二十至第九十九整數(shù)第幾十的形式由其對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞改變結(jié)尾字母y為i,再加“eth”構(gòu)成。twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth表示第幾十幾時(shí),用幾十的基數(shù)詞形式加上連字符“-”和個(gè)位序數(shù)詞形式一起表示。thirtyfirst 第三十一 fiftysixth 第五十六seventythird 第七十三 ninetyninth 第九十九C.第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來(lái)表示。one hundred and twentyfirst 第一百二十一one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十D.序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式有時(shí),序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫形式來(lái)表示。主要縮寫形式有。first——lst second——2nd third——3rdfourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20thtwentythird——23rd 其中l(wèi)st,2nd,3rd為特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。E.序數(shù)詞的句法功能序數(shù)詞在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。The second is what I really need.第二個(gè)是我真正需要的。(作主語(yǔ))He choose the second.他挑選了第二個(gè)。(作賓語(yǔ))We are to carry out the first plan.我們將執(zhí)行第一個(gè)計(jì)劃。(作定語(yǔ))She is the second in our class.在我們班她是第二名。(作表語(yǔ))注:序數(shù)詞在使用時(shí),通常前面要加定冠詞 the;但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時(shí),則表示“再——”,“又——”。We39。ll go over it a second time.我們得再念第二遍。We39。ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?我們已經(jīng)試過(guò)三遍了,還必須試一次(第四次)嗎?另外,基數(shù)詞也可以表示順序。只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后即可,不需要添加定冠詞。the first lesson——Lesson Onethe fifth page——Page 5(five)the twentyfirst room——Room 21(twentyone)二、時(shí)刻表示法39。clock5:00 讀作 five o39。clock 或 five ,在分鐘后加past,再加小時(shí)five past seven 七點(diǎn)過(guò)五分half pas
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