【導(dǎo)讀】畫面結(jié)合神話與歷史來生動(dòng)描寫大眾命運(yùn)和現(xiàn)代西方城市蕓蕓眾生的詩人。表達(dá)的范圍和形式,推動(dòng)詩歌成為現(xiàn)代意識(shí)的傳遞媒介。因其卓越的成就,艾略特被授。不僅是因?yàn)槠湓谠娮髦羞B續(xù)采用破碎的形象,而且其狂熱鼓吹基督教適用于全人類?！痘脑穱@死亡的主題揭示了欲望與焦慮,罪與欲望的關(guān)系。詩中,由于人性的缺失,人類常常受到色欲的誘惑。性誘惑帶來的是痛苦和死亡。欲、死亡”的過程而已。因此,原罪、情欲、罪孽和死亡互為因果,互相影響。最后論文探討了艾略特的詩學(xué)觀點(diǎn)和寫作風(fēng)格。

　　

【正文】 n and “Love of created beings” are at the bottom of human suffering. Just as man cannot pletely get rid of his sexual appetites， so he cannot pletely eradicate evil and suffering. Eliot?s consciousness of death lies deeply in the present， but it also anticipates the future resurrection, mixed with his inclination to tradition and religions. Therefore， the poet is both a pessimistic realist and an optimistic romanticist. The greatest virtue of The Waste Land is that Eliot presents the modern mind and modern city as posed of fragments from the Past， “ a heap of broken images，” through which run great and obsessive anxieties. “In regard to Eliot?s belief in redemption， the story of the golden bough and of the Fisher King reveals his ideal. In the fifth section， he the thunder said. Freedom and wholeness (holiness、 bee possible， according to both Dante and the Buddha， when passions， lusts，and sins are eliminated, the duality of fire stems from the fact that it represents both the sin and the method of Purgation.”(7) Eliot masterfully illustrates this duality， and， in The Fire Sermon， he initiates a subtle transition from one kind of flame to the other， alluding not only to Dante and the Buddha， but also to Saint Augustine and to the Bible in his synthesis of lust and purgation. Water is also used as the symbol both for revival and death. 4. 2 A Textual Analysis of The waste Land The Waste Land consists five parts. The first part is The Burial of the Dead, it describes 上海立信會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文 16 the spiritual death of the westerners. The opening lines are rather hard for understanding: April is the cruelest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in fetful snow, feeding A little life with dried tubers. (8) In Britain, April is the season for everything?s renascence, why can it be “the cruelest month”? Especially after Chaucer described April as the humeral and amenity season, which is good for pilgrimage in his “Canterbury Tales”, in British literature, April is always regarded as a beautiful and striving season. But Eliot?s great is here he can cite other writers? strongpoint and make them good use for himself. The Waste Land destroyed the peaceful vision, revived their desire, arouse their painful memory. Following is Mary?s monolog, she ran back to her carefree foretime, even have the exultation and romantic snippet, but all is gone suddenly. The fearful vision of the waste land makes the readers felt rather startled: Under the brown fog of a winter dawn, A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many, I had not thought death had undone so many. Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled, And each man fixed his eyes before his feet (9) 上海立信會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文 17 Here Eliot described the hollowness of the westerners? spiritual world. The second part is A Game of Chess. The “game” here means the sex game of modern. The sex action which is inviolable in the past now became a senseless game. Eliot used this description for delineating modern people?s degenerate and absurdity. The first scene described a rich woman stay in a luxury palace, she felt very vacuity and make a series of questions to express her bother. Eliot inserted several fames, myth and literature quotation in this part to lay out people?s respect on sex in ancient time. The second scene is a little bar, two women talked about vulgar things shamelessly: make love, abortion, how to cope with their ingback husband, and so on. The third part is The Fire Sermon. Its theme is also sex. The Fire Sermon?s primary function is to advise people to exterminate the desire of ardor. But what described in this poem is cool and emotiveless sex, it is really a lampoon. This part contrasts the Thames? recent and fore image. The tender and peaceful Thames didn?t exist, “the nymphs are departed”, instead of this, it became a dirty river. The poet chooses a typical scene of modern people: the pure sex action between a women typist and a young man carbuncular: Flushed and decided, he assaults at once。 Exploring hands encounter no defence。 His vanity requires no response, And makes a wele of indifference. (And I Tiresias have foresuffered all Enacted on this same divan or bed。 I who have sat by Thebes below the wall And walked among the lowest of the dead.) 上海立信會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文 18 Bestows on final patronizing kiss, And gropes his way, finding the stairs unlit… (10) Lavatorial， sex relationship and lascivious of modern people represented obviously here. Eliot felt rather sad when he faced this condition: “By the waters of Leman I sat down and wept... Sweet Thames, run softly till I end my song”. The fourth part is Death by water”. It had been 93 rows but Pound cut it into only 10 rows. This part indicates that death is a cleanout. Water is a symbol of life, it cleanout all crimes: A current under sea Picked his bones in whispers. As he rose and fell He passed the stages of his age and youth Entering the whirlpool The fifth part is What the Thunder Said. Its theme is anabiosis. The opening lines describes the vision after Jesus was nailed on the cross: stone cracked, the earth shook, and everything blasted. From row 331 to row 358, there is no punctuation, “water” appears eleven times, stone appears nine times, Eliot borrowed this description to bewrite the sear and desolation of the waste land. This description part is always cited to describe the horror of western civilization?s collapse. In the end, Eliot gave the prescription to cure this condition: convert the religion. In this part, the desire for order and the surrender to the chaotic desires of life remain in tension. The speaker sits by the sea, turning his back on the “arid plain” of the desert. Still he