【導(dǎo)讀】Supervisedby:。。。。。。。。。無論是對英詩，還是對漢詩來說，意象是構(gòu)成詩的藝術(shù)的基本條件之一。在自然界中，夜鶯和杜鵑分別是英詩和漢詩中最常見的兩種鳥類。然而它們之間既包含了相似性，又具有差別性。杜鵑通常都以悲傷凄涼的意象出現(xiàn)。一方面它們都來源于憂傷的傳說；另一方面。而它們之間的差異性也可以從兩個方面闡。一是夜鶯有時也象征一種快樂，而杜鵑則一直是憂傷的代表；二是它們與詩。歌流派之間的關(guān)系是不同的。通過研究比較，讀者能夠更加深刻了解夜鶯與杜鵑。的象征意義和情感基調(diào)。

　　

【正文】 s singing symbolizes the eternal enjoyment in fantasy. Nightingale in this poem does not imply pure happiness. It just sets off poet’s melancholy and disappointment. This is a writing skill that expresses one’s sadness by describing a happy situation. It proves the nightingale has a double symbolic meaning. But in general, it is for conveying desolate emotion. Compared with it, the cuckoo’s symbolic meaning in Chinese poems seems to be paratively single. The Different Relationship Between the Images and the Schools In English poetry, the sad image not only appears in general English poem, but bees a vital feature of romantic poetry. The former, Christina Rossetti’s poem, “When I Am Dead, My Dearest”, is an example. Its several wellknown lines in it are: I shall not see the shadows, I shall not feel the rain。 I shall not hear the nightingale Sing on as if in pain (Palgrave. F. T, 1928: 450) The poet describes the loneliness and peace ing from death via desolate circumstance. Nightingale in this poem has played an important role on constructing poetic atmosphere. xvii In romantic literature, nightingale takes an important position. The romantic Movement in England sprung up in 1798. The Lyrical Ballads written by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge was a marker. As an image representing some kind of emotion, nightingale frequently appears in romantic poetry which emphasizes sincere emotion. Romantic poets, John Keats and Robert Southey have written poems that are entitled with “nightingale”. Among those, “Ode to a nightingale” has bee a classic poem in romantic poetry. William Wordsworth also has mentioned the nightingale in “The Solitary Reaper”: Alone she cuts and binds the grain, And sings a melancholy strain。 …… No Nightingale did ever chaunt More wele notes to weary bands Of travellers in some shady haunt, Among Arabian sands: A voice so thrilling ne39。er was heard In springtime from the Cuckoobird, Breaking the silence of the seas Among the farthest Hebrides. (Gu Zhengkun, 2021:95) Hearing nightingale’s desolate and beautiful song, the reaper’s singing voice seems to be more beautiful and pleasant, and she seems to be weaker and lonelier. In Chinese poetry, there is hardly connection between the image of cuckoo and some fixed schools. Some poets produce poems putting “cuckoo” into its title. For example, this poem, “The Cuckoo” written by Du Fu, is in this situation. In most circumstances, almost all poets like using cuckoos to display melancholy conception. For example, “Shower by shower falls the rain while cuckoos sing(蕭蕭暮雨子規(guī)啼 )（ Gu Zhengyang, 2021: 167） ”, this sentence describes the quiet feeling at dust from drizzle。 that “And the cuckoo, weary of empty hills, Singing to the xviii moon”(又聞子規(guī)啼月夜，愁空山 )（ Li Bai: “Difficult Roads in Shu”） (Gu Zhengyang, 2021: 167)expresses the difficulty on the road to Shu, etc. In modern times, poets like using “cuckoo” as an image. For example, Yu Guangzhong’s poem, “Seeking for Li Bai”, is the case. In reality, what he seeks is a kind of mon emotion that our nation widely has. That is his deep affection for homeland. In this poem, the poet uses “cuckoo” to show his homesickness. Therefore, in Chinese poetry, the cuckoo is only one element in poet’s whole conception. No matter which schools they stand for, poets are skillful in using this image. 4. Conclusion Poetry is one of the most excellent heritages in the world. And an image is the key concept in poetry, and is also the main way to express and exchange feelings for poets. The images of cuckoo and nightingale have appeared frequently in Chinese and English poems. By analysis and parison, we can realize that the usage of images of cuckoo in Chinese poems and nightingale in English poems is similar in general. Although their legends are different, they are the same to show grief and sadness. With the influence of their grievous legends, their calls are inspired with melancholy. They have been frequently used by poets. In spite of their similarities, when applied, the two images also have a few differences in the western world and China. The meaning that the nightingale symbolizes is double while that of the cuckoo is single: besides representing the meaning of desolation, the nightingale can be regarded as a happy image, but the cuckoo always appears in poems as a sad image. And there is a close relationship between the nightingale and romanticism school in the western literature while the cuckoo can be cited by every school in Chinese poems. xix Bibliography A. S. Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s EnglishChinese Dictionary[M], 2021. Palgrave, F. T. The Golden Treasury [M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1928. John, A. “Dictionary of Word Origins” [Z]. Beijing: World Publishing Corporation, 1993. Longfellow,. “Hymn to the Night”, ). Mark P. O. Morford, Robert J. Lenardon. Classical Mythology[M]. New York: Longman Publishing Group, 1991. Paul, D, Sheats. “Keats and the Ode” [A]. In Susan J. Wolfson(ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Keats [M]. Cambridge University Press, 2021. Samuel, T. C ＆ H. Nicholas. Coleridge’s Poetry and Prose[M]. Britain: WWNorton ＆ Co Inc, 2021. 曹順發(fā) . 走進(jìn)形美 : 古漢詩英譯實(shí)踐點(diǎn)滴 [M]. 北京 : 國防工業(yè)出版社 ,