【導(dǎo)讀】薂羈腿薄螈袇膈芃薁螃膇莆螆蝿膆薈蠆肈膅羋襖羄膄莀蚇袀膃蒂袃螆膃薅蚆肄節(jié)芄蒈羀芁莇蚄袆芀蕿蕆袂艿艿螂螈羋莁薅肇芇蒃螀羃芇薆薃衿芆芅蝿螅蒞莇薂肅莄蒀螇罿莃螞薀羅莂莂裊袁罿蒄蚈螇羈薆襖肆羇芆蚆羆莈袂袈肅蒁蚅螄肅薃蒈肅肄芃蚃聿肅蒅蒆羅肂薇螁袀肁芇薄螆肀荿螀肅聿蒂薂羈腿薄螈袇膈芃薁螃膇莆螆蝿膆薈蠆肈膅羋襖羄膄莀蚇袀膃蒂袃螆膃薅蚆肄節(jié)芄蒈羀芁莇蚄袆芀蕿蕆袂艿艿螂螈羋莁薅肇芇蒃螀羃芇薆薃衿芆芅蝿螅蒞莇薂肅莄蒀螇罿莃螞薀羅莂莂裊袁罿蒄蚈螇羈薆襖肆羇芆蚆羆莈袂袈肅蒁蚅螄肅薃蒈肅肄芃蚃聿肅蒅蒆羅肂薇螁袀肁芇薄螆肀荿螀

　　

【正文】 roup rather than one person is responsible for it. But in western countries, people pay great attention to the importance of the individual and the equality of all people. Stress on the individual begins at a very age when the American child is encouraged to be autonomous. It is an accepted rule that children should make decisions themselves, develop their own opinions, solve their own problems, and have their own possessions. Friendly, informal, outgoing, and extroverted are their characteristics. They are so independent from other people that they pay great emphasis on privacy. They hope they can have their own personal space and not to be invaded by others. Hence, the different social relationships can also be regarded one of the most important reasons of causing social pragmatic failures during the crosscultural munication. 湖南商學(xué)院北津?qū)W院學(xué)年論文 第 11 頁(yè) 共 14 頁(yè) 5 The Ways to Deal With Social Pragmatic Failures As is known to all, the crosscultural munication has bee an inevitable trend in today’s society. In order to solve the problems of social pragmatic failures which are the main causes of munication barriers and have an effective crosscultural munication, we should adopt many different kinds of methods and try to solve this problem effectively. Raising Awareness First of all, raise our awareness about this issue. Many people don’t know the fact that different people from different backgrounds may have quite different values. Some people just assume that other people must think and behave in the same way as they do. Many barriers occur frequently during the process of crosscultural munication because of this improvident view. Therefore, we should bear in mind the reality of cultural difference if we want to understand other people better who e from different cultural backgrounds. This is the very first step for us to avoid unnecessary misunderstandings during our interaction with people from different cultures. Changing the Viewing Angle Secondly, another strategy you can use is to practice seeing your culture the way others who are not a part of it see it. Foreign observers are usually far from objective, but they often notice things that you have never noticed. They were able to see things that the natives took for granted. When we try to look upon things from their point of view, we probably e across a lot of new ideas and seize some effective ways to solve the problem of social pragmatic failures. That’s the reason why some of the most insightful writers about the American character and American culture have been Europeans. Making Practice 湖南商學(xué)院北津?qū)W院學(xué)年論文 第 12 頁(yè) 共 14 頁(yè) Finally, doing practice is the best way to know other country’s culture and help us avoid social pragmatic failures during the munication. For instance, we’d better read more English novels, listen to English songs, or watch English movies as often as we can. The final goal of these practices are to help us form a way of English thinking and to have a deeper understanding of foreign cultures, which is an essential factor to influence the success of intercultural munication. Besides, grasping or even creating every possible chance to municate with foreigners. Only after much practice can the problem of social pragmatic failures be raised and solved successfully. 6 Conclusion The final goal of the study about the social pragmatic failures is to achieve a Crosscultural munication petence. Therefore, we have to learn to approach our own culture more analytically and to be cautious when we are interpreting other cultures. But today, what children had been imparted by teachers is mainly linguistic usage of a foreign language and the knowledge of culture had been overlooked. In order to conquer a foreign language, we should put great emphasis on both language learning and cultural learning. Only in this way can we achieve an effective result in crosscultural munication and meet the demands of economic globalization. 湖南商學(xué)院北津?qū)W院學(xué)年論文 第 13 頁(yè) 共 14 頁(yè) References [1] Davis, L. 2021. Crosscultural Communication in Action [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. [2] Kramsch, C. 2021. Language and culture [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. [3] Richard, E.﹠ Stefani, L. 2021. Communication Between Cultures [M]. Beijing: Beijing Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. [4] Thomas, J. 1983. “Crosscultural pragmatic failure” [J