【正文】 he has taught in this school since she came to this city in ****年她來到這座城市以來一直在這所學(xué)校教書。Wait until I e 。注意：如主句是一般將來時(shí)，則表示將來的時(shí)間狀語只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：I39。ll write to you as soon as I get to 。It will get warmer and warmer when spring ，天氣將變得越來越暖和。2）原因狀語從句原因狀語從句由because, as, since等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如：He sold the car because it was too ，因?yàn)樗×?。Since you won39。t help me, I must do the job ，我必須自己做這項(xiàng)工作。As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger ，我不得不照顧我的妹妹。注意：a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析because, as, since, for都是表示各種理由的連詞，但because多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點(diǎn)，故because所引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句末。例如：Why was he absent? Because he was badly ？因?yàn)樗〉煤苤?。as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是敘述的重點(diǎn)，兩者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重點(diǎn)。例如：As it is raining, let39。s stay as ，我們就留在家里吧。Since you have no license, you are not allowed to ，所以你不可以開車。for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，補(bǔ)充說明理由；主句表推測時(shí)，用for說明原因。例如：I39。ll follow his advice, for he is a ，因?yàn)樗轻t(yī)生。b）because of也是表示原因狀語，但后面只能跟短語。例如：I stayed at home because of the bad 。3）比較狀語從句比較狀語從句由than或as來引導(dǎo)。例如：I feel better now than(I was)。He writes as well as you(do).他寫得和你一樣好。This problem is more difficult than that one(is).這道題比那道題難。4）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句由if, unless（= if not）算連詞引導(dǎo)。條件從句中的動詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如：I shall go if he asks ，我就去。I shan39。t go unless he asks ，否則我是不去的。I shall go, whether he asks me or ，我都要去。Come with me if you have 。I want to watch a basketball match if I39。m well ，我要看一場籃球賽。由and連接的簡單句，可以用條件狀語從句來改寫。例如：Run faster and you39。ll catch up with 。=If you run faster, you39。ll catch up with ，你就會趕上他。5）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句由so that, so? that引導(dǎo)。例如：He has lost his bike so that he can39。t e to school on time.（結(jié)果狀語）他去了自行車，所以不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（結(jié)果狀語）你的襯衣這么臟，你應(yīng)該把它洗洗。注意：由so?that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句若是表示否定意思，可以用too?to（太?而不能）來替換。例如：She was so angry that she could not say a word.=She was too angry to say a 。6）讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句一般用though（雖然）、although（雖然）、even though（即使）引導(dǎo)。例如：Though/Although he tried hard, he was not ，但沒有成功。He went on working though it was very ，他還在繼續(xù)工作。注意：1．漢語中的“雖然?但是?”在英語中用連詞though就可以了，或單獨(dú)使用but連接兩個(gè)并列句也可以，但不能在一個(gè)句子中同時(shí)用這兩個(gè)連詞（主句前不用連詞）。例如：“雖然我很喜歡照顧我姐姐的嬰兒，但她不讓我干”。這個(gè)句子我們可以用下面兩種方法來表達(dá)。Though I like looking after my sister39。s baby, she doesn39。t let me do like looking after my sister39。s baby, but she doesn39。t let me do it.=though可以與yet連用，這里yet雖然意思與but相同，但yet不是連詞，而是副詞。例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a ，但他沒穿外衣就出去了。二、復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需要注意的要點(diǎn)（1）當(dāng)整句句子處于過去時(shí)的情況下，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。（2）當(dāng)整句句子處于將來時(shí)的情況下，總是主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（3）由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，句子處于將來時(shí)的情況下，與所有的時(shí)間狀語從句一樣，主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：I am going to be a doctor when I grow up（4）整句句子處于將來時(shí)的情況下，且兩個(gè)動作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，則持續(xù)的那個(gè)動作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，瞬間的那個(gè)動作用一般過去時(shí)。例如：I met my English teacher when I was walking in the street.（5）像He turned on TV set at once when he got home，整句句子處于過去時(shí)的情況下，且兩個(gè)動作先后發(fā)生，when=after，則時(shí)態(tài)與after一致，主句從句都用一般過去時(shí)。（6）像The class had already begun when I entered the ，且兩個(gè)動作先后發(fā)生，但這里的when=before，則時(shí)態(tài)與before一致，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練一、例題選講例1 He ________ the exam if he ________ ． passes?worksC． will pass?will work答案： B提示： 在英語中，if既能夠引導(dǎo)賓語從句，又能夠引導(dǎo)狀語從句。但要注意主句中的謂語是及物還是不及物動詞。此句中pass the exam已經(jīng)明確表示有賓語，if就是引導(dǎo)狀語，主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例2 While she ________(watch)TV, the bell _________(ring).答案： was watching,rang提示： 由while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是正在進(jìn)行看電視這個(gè)動作，門鈴響了這動作也發(fā)生了，因此從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，主句用一般過去時(shí)。B． will pass?works D． passes?will work第五篇：狀語從句Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(條件、讓步和對比從句)條件從句由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引導(dǎo)，如：If he es I39。ll tell would have succeeded if you had tried will fail unless you work hard.(=You will fail if you don39。t work hard.)Supposing / Suppose it rains, shall we have the match as scheduled?In case you need anything else, please let me 由 although, though, even though, even if, whether...or, while, as, whwords + ever(= no matter + whwords)等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，如：He is quite modest though he is the best student in the needle has the same mass whether it is hot or (No matter which)plan you adopt, you will meet with ：(though)不可與連詞 but 連用； 引導(dǎo)的從句意義和 though 相似，但表示的語氣較強(qiáng)，并須將強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞放在句首（但不用 although），如：Simple as(though)the question may seem, it is not at all mon in / no matter how 引導(dǎo)的從句中，however / no matter how 后須緊跟形容詞或副詞，如：However / No matter how hard I tried, I couldn39。t remember all the 表示兩個(gè)人或兩件事之間的對比，常用 while 或 whereas 引導(dǎo)，如：He is idle, while his brother is people like fat meat, whereas others hate of Cause, Result and Purpose(原因、結(jié)果和目的從句)原因從句主要由下列從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：1． Because, as, since。其中 because 語氣最強(qiáng)，表示直接、主要原因，通常引導(dǎo)的從句放在句尾，特別是回答 why 提出的問題只能用 because。as 和 since 表示明顯的、已知的原因，since 比 as 正式，如：They had to move because their building was to be pulled Mary was the eldest, she looked after the they live near the sea, they often go ． now that, seeing(that), considering(that), in that。這些連詞與 as, since 意思相近，通常用于書面語，并且它們兼有其它意義。now that 有“時(shí)間”含義，表示”既然”，說明一種新情況；seeing(that)和 considering(that)有“條件”含義；in that 有”某一方面”含義，如：Now that you are well again you can (that)they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good was lucky in that I was able to find a good babysitter（保姆）.結(jié)果從句常用 so that, so...that, such...that, that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes was such a good runner that I couldn39。t catch 常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the closer in order that you may see the blackboard that 既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果從句也可引導(dǎo)目的從句，但結(jié)果從句表示事實(shí)，通常不含情態(tài)動詞；目的從句表示希望或想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)，通常含有情態(tài)動詞，如：He got up early so that he caught the train.（結(jié)果）He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意義，并且從句中動詞須用 “動詞原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虛擬語氣，如：He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn39。t be any