【導(dǎo)讀】閥門是流體管路的控制裝置，其基本功能是接通或切斷管路介質(zhì)的流通，改變介質(zhì)的流通，改變介質(zhì)的流動(dòng)方向，調(diào)節(jié)介質(zhì)的壓力和流量，保護(hù)管路的設(shè)備的正常運(yùn)行。驅(qū)動(dòng)方式從手動(dòng)發(fā)展到電動(dòng)、氣動(dòng)、液動(dòng)、程控、數(shù)控、遙控等。開閉頻繁，但往往由于制造、使用選型、維修不當(dāng)，發(fā)。生跑、冒、滴、漏現(xiàn)象，由此引起火焰、爆炸、中毒、燙傷事故，或者造成產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量低劣，希望獲得高質(zhì)量的閥門，同時(shí)也要求提高閥門的使用，維修水平，這時(shí)對(duì)從事閥門操作人員，外，還要及時(shí)維護(hù)、修理閥門，使閥門的“跑、冒、滴、漏”及各類事故降到最低限度。6．滑閥形：關(guān)閉件在垂直于通道的方向滑動(dòng)。如安全閥、事故閥。4．特大口徑閥門：公稱通徑DN≥1400mm的閥門。安裝前，應(yīng)將閥門作一檢查，核對(duì)規(guī)格型號(hào)，鑒定有無損壞，尤其對(duì)于閥桿。要系在手輪或閥桿上，以免損壞這些部件，應(yīng)該系在法蘭上。安裝法蘭閥門時(shí)，要注意對(duì)稱均勻地把緊螺栓。閥門法蘭與管子法蘭必須平行，間隙合理，

　　

【正文】 in dirty things. 、 On the energy in the atmosphere rusted valves processing surface antirust oil, to protect. 、 Outside of the valve, must be covered with linoleum or tarpaulin, rainproof, dustproof articles. Warehouse storage valve should be kept clean and dry. 、 ( two) the use of maintenance 、 The purpose is to use and maintenance, prolonging the service life of the valve and assure reliable opening and closing. 、 Threaded stem, often with a stem nut friction, to apply a little oil or graphite, molybdenum disulfide, Huang Gan, play the role of lubrication. Not frequent opening and closing valves, also to regularly rotate the handwheel, the stem threads add lubricant, in order to prevent the bite. The outdoor valve, to stem with protective sleeve, with rain, snow, dust, rust. Such as valves machinery to move, to the gearbox to add lubricating oil. To keep the valve cleaning. Always check and keep the valve parts integrity. If the hand wheel fixing nut off, to plete, cannot use makeshift, otherwise it will Mill Park the upper valve stem Quartet, gradually lost with reliability, can39。t even start. Do not rely on the valve support other weights, never on valve stand. The valve stem, in particular the threaded portion, must often wipe, the dust dirty lubricant should be replaced with a new, because the dust containing hard sundries, easy to wear thread and the surface effect, service life. Section third operation For the valve, not only will install and maintain, but also can operate. ( a ) manual valve Manual valve is the most widely used valves, the hand wheel or the handle, is in accordance with the ordinary human design, considering the sealing surface strength and necessary closing force. Therefore cannot use the long lever or long board hand. Some people accustomed to the use of plate in hand, should strict attention to, not too big too fast, otherwise easy to damage the sealing surfaces, or board broken hand wheel, handle. Open and close the valve, forced should smooth, no impact. Some impact to open and close the highpressure valve ponents have taken into account the impact force and the general valve can gang. For the steam valve, open before, should advance heating, and the exclusion of condensed water, when open, should try to slow, so as to avoid the phenomenon of water hammer. When the valve is fully open, should be overturned a handwheel, so that the thread tightly, so as to avoid looseness damage. For rising stem valve, to remember the full open and full closed position of the valve stem, avoid the full impact of top dead center. And easy to check whether the normal closed. If the valve does shedding, or sealing of the spool is embedded between larger sundries, the fully closed position of the valve stem to change. At the beginning of the internal pipeline, waste more, the enlight, uses the medium to high speed flow, washes it off, and then gently closed ( not quickly closed, a closed, to prevent residual impurity pinch sealing surface), open again, so repeated several times, wash the dirt, and then into the normal work. Normally open valve, sealing surface dirt may stick, close when you want to use the method to make it clean, and then officially closed. If the hand wheel, the handle is damaged or lost, should be immediately installed is not available, the active plate hand instead, so as not to damage the valve stem Quartet, opening and closing is ineffective, resulting in the production of accident. Some media, in the valve closed after cooling, so that the valve part shrinkage, operators should be at proper time off for another time, let the sealing surface without seam, otherwise, medium from the slit high speed flow, easy erosion sealing surface. During operation, such as found in operation too difficult, should analyze the reason. If the fill too tightly, may be appropriate to relax, such as a valve stem skew, should inform the staff repair. Some valves, in the closed state, the closure member expands when it is heated, causing the opening is difficult。 if must now be opened, the valve cover is screwed loose half circle to the circle, eliminating stem stress, then moving the hand wheel plate. ( two) note In 1, more than 200 DEG C high temperature valve, because the installation at room temperature, and after normal use, temperature rise, heat expansion bolt, increase a gap, so must be tightened again, called hot tight, the operation staff should pay attention to this work, otherwise prone to leaking. In 2, when the weather is cold, the water valve closing stop valve should be long, after removing ponding. Steam valve steam stop, also to drain condensed water. The bottom of the valve as the plug, it can be open drainage. In 3, a metal valve, some hard and brittle, some low intensity, operation, opening and closing force can not be too large, especially not so fierce. Also note that monarch free object collision. In 4, the new valve when in use, packing pressure should not too tight, not leakage, so as not to stem pressure too big, accelerate wear, and open and close it.