【正文】 uage Direct speech and Indirect speech I. Teaching aims 1. Ability aims: To enable the students to put what they have learned to practical use. 2. Language aims: To get the students to learn by observation what direct and indirect speech is and the transition between them. II. Teaching important points The transition between direct speech and indirect speech III. Teaching method: Interactions Teacherstudent, individual, pairs, groups IV. Language focuses The transition between direct speech and indirect speech V. Teaching procedures Step 1. Leadingin 1. Greetings and free talk 2. A guessing game to introduce what is direct speech and indirect speech. Step 2. Presentation act one cartoon figure and says something. Teacher asks “What did he/she say?” Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teacher’s question. Then boys and girls exchange. 2. Make clear to the Ss the definition according to what is shown on the screen. Step 3 Grammar T: Now let’s look at these sentences again. If we want to change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, what should be changed? Ss discuss by themselves. Ss: sentence structures, tenses, pronouns, adverbials of time and place and verbs should be changed. T: Quite right. Look at the form on the screen. These are the rules. 直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：人稱變化、時(shí)態(tài)變化、賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 ，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由連詞 that 引導(dǎo)。例如： She said, I am very happy to help you.→ She said that she was very happy to help you. 2. 直接引語(yǔ)是一般 /選擇疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由連詞 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)。例如： He asked me, Do you like playing football?→ He asked me if/whether I liked playing football. 注意：大多數(shù)情況下， if 和 whether 可以互換，但后有 or not,或在動(dòng)詞不定式前，或放在介詞后作連接詞時(shí)，一般只用 whether。例如： She asked me whether he could do it or not. 3. 直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞 who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引導(dǎo)。例如： My sister asked me, How do you like the film?→ My sister asked me how I liked the film. 4. 直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，把動(dòng)詞原形變成動(dòng)詞不定式，并在動(dòng)詞不定式前加 tell, ask, order 等的賓語(yǔ)。例如： The captain ordered, Be quiet.→The captain ordered us to be quiet. 注意：此種情況的否定句，在動(dòng)詞不定式前加 not。 My teacher asked me, Don39。t laugh.→My teacher asked me not to laugh. 5. 一些注意事項(xiàng) (1)間接引語(yǔ)一般要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即主、謂、賓的順序。例如： He asked Lucy, Where did you go?→He asked Lucy where she went. Tom said, What do you want, Ann?→Tom asked Ann what she wanted. (2)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理等，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。例如： They told their son, The earth goes round the sun.→ They told their son that the earth goes round the sun. (3)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)， 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要作相應(yīng)的變化。He said, I haven39。t seen her today.→He said that he hadn39。t seen her tha t day. 注意：如果轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)就在原來(lái)的地方，就在說(shuō)話的當(dāng)天，就不必改變指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等。 Direct Speech Indirect Speech Present past Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfect past perfect Present continuous past continuous Step 4 Practice 1. Oral practice Practise making necessary changes in verb tenses, word order, personal pronouns, adverbials and so on with the help of the multimedia. 2. Written work 1. “I’m going to hide from the Germans,” Anne said. 2. “I don’t know the address of my new home,” said Anne. 3. “I cannot ask my father because it is not safe to know,” she said. 4. “I had to pack up my things very quickly,” the girl said. 5. “Why did you choose your diary and old letters?” Dad asked her. 6. Mum asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. 7. Margot asked her what else she had got. 8. Anne asked her father when they would go back home. 9. Anne asked her sister how she could see her friends. 10. Mother asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before. Drawing some conclusion by showing slides on the screen. Step 5 role play Group work. Three students a group. One says something (please try to use the words and expressions learned in this unit), one asks, the third told the rest students what they said in Indirect Speech. T analyses the mon mistakes Ss have made during the practice. Do the exercises together: 1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.” He said that he were afraid he couldn’t finish that work. said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.” He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May. said “I will see you next week.” Tom said that he would see me the next week. 4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. The teacher asked me why I was late again 5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah. Sarah said she didn’t like swimming. T: Now let’s look at the screen and pay attention to these sentences. Choose the right sentence and tell me why the other one is wrong.(multiple choice). Step 6. Summary and assignment Step 7. Homework 1. SB P5 Exx1,2 2. Go over what we learnt today. 3. Work in groups of four. Design a questionnaire to find out what kind of friends your classmates are. (optional) The fifth period Listening 1. Teaching objectives To practise students’ listening ability. To practise students’ writing skills of how to offer advice. To improve students’ ability to help others solve problems. 2. Teaching procedure (Analysis: Listening and writing are expansion of the topic of the text. Listening is about Lisa’s problem of making a friend with a boy. She asks Miss Wang for advice. Through listening and exercise, students learn how to give advice and the skill of giving advice. And also let them think about the problem of boy’s making friends with girls and girls with boys. And then design a task to ask students to give advice according to the different problems to practise their ability to solve the problems. All of these lay the foundation for the next task writing. In this way, students feel that they have information to put out. And writin