【導讀】這項研究由兩部分組成：功能編碼和專為飲料瓶注塑模具設計和制。造而建立的標準作業(yè)程序。每個模塊又分為具有子功能或分次功能的若干結(jié)構(gòu)單元。將各單元的尺寸和規(guī)格標準化，各單元通過兼容性接口相連接。實驗結(jié)果表明，使。用模塊化設計方法，比使用傳統(tǒng)方法制造注塑模具縮短了36％的開發(fā)時間，此外，功能代碼有助于有效地管理和維護產(chǎn)品和模具。須加快他們向市場提供新產(chǎn)品的速度。間的延長和生產(chǎn)靈活性的降低。與此同時，模塊化的產(chǎn)品提高了產(chǎn)品的高級別創(chuàng)新性，靈活性和客戶。一般來模塊化可以在三個領域中進行實施，包。性的產(chǎn)品被稱為產(chǎn)品系列，包括基本職能和特定職能。多用途產(chǎn)品設計從而減少生產(chǎn)成本。模塊化理念已廣泛地應用。于許多領域，在降低成本提高設計的多樣性方面有重大的影響?；旧?，注塑模具主要由兩個主要的組成部分——動模和定模。

　　

【正文】 he mold insert, namely, one Ltype outlet and one linetype outlet. The air in the Ltype outlet enters the periphery of the mold insert and separates the injection molded parts from the mold insert. The air in the linetype outlet is then injected into the bottom of the parts to eject them from the mold cavity. Ejector plate is to push a molded part off a core or out of a cavity mold. It is attached to a core and moves linearly along leaders. Coding of standard structural units After specifying structural unit dimensions, this investigation introduces a coding system to assist in managing these ponents and units. Structural unit codes This study uses three digits to code all of the structural units (Fig. 6a). The first digit is the main function code, which represents product geometry and dimensions, and symbolizes standardized structural units. The second digit is the subfunction code, which represents materials, and is widely used in bills of materials (BOM) for structural units. The third digit represents the characteristics of each structural unit, and includes the codes for products families and dimensions. Product identification plex code This code is designed for rapidly searching structural units which are mutually exchangeable during product development. This code integrates all structural units correlated with the manufacture of a specific container, and also reveals information on mold geometry and dimensions, and product characteristics, as shown in Fig. 6b. 4 Procedure for developing container products Based on the abovementioned modular design approach, a standard operation procedure for designing beveragecontainer injection molds can be generated. Thus, merely following the procedure can easily design molds for new products and identify interchangeable structural units which can help effectively manage and maintain products and molds. Figure 7 shows the standard operation procedure for designing beveragecontainer injection molds. The procedure prises nine steps and is illustrated as follows. Step 1. Confirmation of product specifications: In order to exactly describe the geometry, dimensional accuracy, and quality characteristics of products, this step defines the product with its geometrical characteristics, such as width, height, projection area, and weight. Step 2. Manufacturing facility analysis: Based on the information from Step 1, the most suitable injection molding machine is determined by checking specifications such as clamping force, shot volume, range of mold thickness, and daylight. Step 3. Modular design of injection molds: Through the division of mold function into several functional modules, the injection mold of a specific container can be rapidly and easily developed by module stacking. Modules to be designed include male mold module, female mold module, hotrunner module, and others. Step 4. Product and unit coding: Each structural unit is assigned a ponent code, which is then integrated with the product characteristics to yield a product plex identification code. Consequently, mutually exchangeable units are available in the product development stage. Furthermore, the code system simplifies mold maintenance and product management. Step 5. List of modular objects: According to the structural specifications from Step 3, all ponents of an injection mold are listed in BOM. For instance, the BOM of a cupshaped injection mold as an example is illustrated in Fig. 8. This step facilitates ease of handling during the subsequent quotation and production scheduling process. Step 6. Component drawing: Since dimensions of structural units are for semiproducts, the BOM information listed in Step 5 simply is the initial stage of mold design. Thereby, all structural units of an injection mold designed for customer requirement and specification have to be drawn in the format of engineering drawing for engineering purposes. Step 7. Structural unit manufacturing: Following the information of BOM and ponent drawing generated in Steps 5 and 6, respectively, this step enables the factory floor to further manufacture the injection mold. Step 8. Mold assembly and inspection: This step inspects each unit manufactured in Step 7 to assure mold quality. Based on the assembly drawing of a mold, the location of related modules and structural units is accurately assembled. For instance, Fig. 9 presents the assembly drawing of a coffeecup injection mold, which is used to confirm the relationship of each ponent. Step 9. Mold testing and mass production: After pleting the above eight steps, this final step is performed to test the mold on the injection molding machine and implement mass production. 5 Verification and discussion This study employs a cupshaped beverage container to experimentally assess the performance of the modular design approach. Since the specification of structural units enables preprocessing of the initial unit shape and only requires local preprocessing to obtain precise dimensions during mold development, the total mold development time will be significantly reduced. Table 1 lists mold development for a cupshaped container and reveals that the mold development time employing a modular design is some 36% less than with the conventional process. Whereas the standardization of ponent specifications enabling batch purchasing of materials which are bined with efficient manufacturing and design, can reduce total manufacturing costs. Table 2 lists mold development for a cupshaped container and reveals that mold manufacturing costs when employing a modular design are reduced by 19～23% pared with the conventional process. In addition, employing modular design has other advantages such as: 1. Increased diversity of customeroriented design: Modular design of be