【正文】 esearch 臨床研究?vaccine 疫苗?anatomy解剖?學(xué)校:nursery托兒所?kindergarten幼兒園?primary school/elementary school小學(xué), ?secondary school中學(xué)教育?higher education高等教育 tertiary levelfurther education進(jìn)修?教育: parenting, schooling,?enroll 入學(xué)admit 招收，錄取?Parents are obliged to do…父母有責(zé)任、義務(wù)去做。pulsory education 強制教育、義務(wù)教育selective，pulsory military service，minors 未成年人adolescence，teenager/teen，youth，youngster immature 不成熟的學(xué)習(xí)的好處?learn skills學(xué)習(xí)技能?acquire knowledge學(xué)習(xí)知識，enrich knowledge豐富知識, ?widen horizon開闊視野, ?inspire interest激發(fā)興趣, ?stimulate interest激發(fā)興趣, ?cultivate hobbies?develop potentials?conduce to mental development?lay a solid foundation for the future為將來打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上的問題: ?lack discipline缺少約束力/persistence毅力, ?testoriented education應(yīng)試型教育，teachercentred education studentcentred education moneyorientedquality education 素質(zhì)教育?cram for examinations突擊考試, ?stuff 塞materials?memorise背, memorisation, ?rote learning死記硬背?Testtaking techniques應(yīng)試技巧壞處：?discourage critical thinking 打擊評判性思維?students stop questioning what they 2 are being taught?學(xué)生們不去質(zhì)問他們學(xué)習(xí)的東西?conduce to academic performance有助學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)?Adversely influence 負(fù)面地影響（動作）Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on對。產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響?Emphasis on memorisation adversely influences one’s academic 創(chuàng)造性?Come at the expense/cost of creativity以犧牲創(chuàng)造力為代價?Lower/raise the standard of…降低了。的水平工作:?Fulltime, parttime, casual job，whitecollar, bluecollar, semiskilled, selfemployed, freelancer, ?收入: ine, earnings, wages, salary,revenue職業(yè)好: enjoyable, pleasant, fascinating令人著迷的?Steady穩(wěn)定的?provide many opportunities for…提供各種。的機會, ?give me a sense of satisfaction/acplishment給我一種滿足感、成就感, ?apply what I have learnt to my job把我學(xué)的用在工作中, ?put my talent into full play充分發(fā)揮我的天分, ?improve my interpersonal and municative skills提高我的人際交往和交流能力, improve my independence獨立能力,?wellfare福利?benefit future development將來的發(fā)展, ?不好: ?demanding難做的, ?stressful有壓力的, ?tiring累人的, exhausting令人筋疲力盡的,?boring無聊的, ?routine work常規(guī)工作, ?repetitive重復(fù)性的, ?work overtime/extra hours加班?workaholic工作狂, ?repetitive strain injuries職業(yè)病, ?adverse conditions惡劣的工作條件, ?Personnel, human resources 人力資源,媒體?媒體: mediummedia:read newspapers?watch TV programs?surf the Internet?see movies?uptodate information最新的信息, ?access ?The internet enables people to have easy access to various ：reporter, journalist, paparazzi 狗仔隊（復(fù)數(shù)）tabloid ?讀者群Readership?觀眾audience?報道：news coverage/TV coverage好處: ?provide us with rich information給我們提供豐富的信息, ?entertain us是我們得到娛樂, ?enable people to relax使人們得到放松, ?disseminate/spread knowledge傳播知識, ?keep people wellinformed使人信息靈通 download, upload, write your blogs, share your feelings with friends壞處: ?information overload/explosion, 信息爆炸?Uncensored information corrupts children’s 。Violence , pornography , ?obscene色情的, violent暴力的, pornographic色情的?objectionable content不良信息?cyber crime網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪(financial crime)net cafe ?Internetaddicted 上網(wǎng)成癮的?isolation 孤立, isolated 孤立的?unsociable不善社交的 新聞審查制度: censorship?filter objectionable content過濾不良內(nèi)容, ?provide a safe and pleasant cyber environment 提供一個安全美好的網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間?invade one’s privacy侵犯隱私, ?deprive people of the freedom of speech剝奪人們言論自由, ?freedom of the press新聞自由?People are deprived of the freedom of 。?Means of public transport: airplane, ship, cruises, ferry, coach, shuttle bus, light rail?mobility移動性?pedestrian行人?traffic conditions(worsen, deteriorate, go from bad to worse), 交通狀況惡化?traffic regulations/codes交通規(guī)則(obey遵守, violate違背), ?traffic congestions, traffic jams, ?heavy traffic擁擠的交通?light traffic比較暢通的交通, ?crowded street擁擠的道路?Cars dominate our 。vehicle車輛Drinkdriving酒后駕車 careless driving talking on a phone觀點: ?adopt effective transport strategy采取有效的交通策略?trafficcalming measures減輕交通擁堵的措施?Relieve the pressure on traffic, 減輕交通方面的壓力?encourage people to use public transport, 鼓勵大家使用公交?carpool拼車?build more cycle lanes 自行車道, ?encourage Park and Ride 停車換乘?raise the price of fuels 提高油價?impose higher tax 征收高額的稅?Subsidise public transport 補貼公共交通?City council市政府?飛機：?No other means of transport can be pared with airplanes for its convenience and 健康?healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式?sedentary lifestyle久坐的, ?an active lifestyle積極鍛煉的, ?excessive intake of…吃過多的。fast food快餐?convenience food方便食品?diabetes, diarrhea腹瀉, respiratory disease,?nutrition營養(yǎng)?balanced diet均衡的飲食?protein蛋白質(zhì),?vitamin維生素, ?fibre纖維?mineral礦物質(zhì), high in...canned foodincurable disease絕癥?depression抑郁癥?obesity肥胖癥obeseoverweight?stressrelated diseases和壓力有關(guān)的疾病?therapy（非藥物）治療?treatment 治療?運動好處?Relieve=ease=alleviate 減輕stress?aerobic exercises有氧運動?vigorous有活力的?energetic經(jīng)歷充沛的?refreshing提神的?refresh your mind and body 提神?train 4 your muscle肌肉?improve blood circulation血液循環(huán)?increase flexibility提高靈活性?drain 排出?cultivate stamina and persistence培養(yǎng)耐力和毅力?develop teamwork spirit 培養(yǎng)團隊合作精神?conduce to physical fitness身體健康?jeopardize= damage 危害 pesticide，genetic modification，geneticallymodified food,社會問題criminal(offender)罪犯?mit crime犯罪, mit suicide ?robbery搶劫, murder謀殺, prostitution賣淫, gambling賭博, drugdealing販毒, drug dealer, heroin, marijuana, ecstasy, ADD/ADHD drugsocial security社會治安stability穩(wěn)定?capital punishment, death penalty死刑, ?sentence(v.)to death 判死刑?deter crimes威懾?right to life生存權(quán)，breadwinner經(jīng)濟支柱?rear a child養(yǎng)孩子?offense罪, offender罪犯, ?pulsory retirement 強制退休?nursery 托兒所?nursing house老人院?longer imprisonment 長期監(jiān)禁家庭問題/青少年問題?singleparent family單親家庭, ?extended family大家庭, ?minors未成年人, adolescent青春期的, ?sibling兄弟姊妹?Peer pressure 同輩人的壓力?foster, raise, bring up, rear a child撫養(yǎng)孩子, ?spoil溺愛, indulge放縱?run wild撒野, go astray走上歧途?juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪, ?obesity肥胖癥, depression抑郁癥, ?bullying恃強凌弱?absenteeism缺席(truancy, play truant)父母應(yīng)該：?give proper parental guidance父母的引導(dǎo)?set example for children為孩子樹立榜樣?encourage 鼓勵?help build up confidence 幫助建立信心?motivate 鼓舞?discipline their children約束孩子?wellbred有教養(yǎng)的?learn how to behave themselves學(xué)會行為得體?act properly 行為得體technologydependent依賴科技的, ?breakthrough of technology科技突破, technology innovation科技創(chuàng)新, ?innovative 創(chuàng)新的renovate ?reshape our life重新塑造我們的生活?improve life quality提高生活質(zhì)量?convenience方便?efficiency效率?telemunica