【導(dǎo)讀】量和數(shù)量上還不能適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需要。拿汽車工業(yè)、航空航天工業(yè)來說，目前急。滿足，產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平尚待提高。電器、儀器儀表、醫(yī)療器械、家電、五金等行業(yè)。我國(guó)機(jī)床產(chǎn)量居世界第四，但高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床仍主要靠進(jìn)口。要使我國(guó)機(jī)床水平得到整體提升，就要加大數(shù)控機(jī)床的研發(fā)力度。我國(guó)數(shù)控機(jī)床一直保持兩位數(shù)增長(zhǎng)。數(shù)控化率還不到50%，而發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家大多在70%左右。年產(chǎn)量為23萬(wàn)臺(tái)，其中數(shù)控機(jī)床只有，僅為產(chǎn)量的1/10強(qiáng)。國(guó)家許多重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目引發(fā)的機(jī)床需求也頗為可觀。的步伐加快，制造裝備水平和數(shù)控化程度的要求越來越高。專家指出，以我國(guó)目前高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床和成套成線設(shè)備的開發(fā)、生產(chǎn)能力，為此，要建立有效的數(shù)控。業(yè)內(nèi)人士認(rèn)為，機(jī)。相對(duì)數(shù)控機(jī)床主機(jī)來說，我國(guó)功能部件生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的發(fā)展更顯滯后。發(fā)展，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的硬件平臺(tái)趨于一致化，而控制系統(tǒng)軟件的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益加劇。目前日本已成為高速剪板機(jī)技術(shù)的領(lǐng)軍，在。這些剪板機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用于電子和微電子行業(yè)，目前，我國(guó)生產(chǎn)的第六代數(shù)控機(jī)床系統(tǒng)

　　

【正文】 旁路與其他閥組成復(fù)合閥。 5）采用較硬彈簧做背壓閥。 因此查《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》第四版第四卷表 177134選擇 S型單向閥型號(hào)為 。額定壓力為 ,流量為 175L/min，通徑為 25mm，壓力損失為 。 （ 5）溢流閥： 溢流閥用于防止系統(tǒng)壓力過載和保持系統(tǒng)壓力恒定。 對(duì)溢流閥的主要要求： 1） 調(diào)壓范圍大。 2） 調(diào)壓偏差小。 3） 壓力震動(dòng)小。 4） 動(dòng)作靈敏、燥聲小。 5） 過流能力大 根據(jù)系統(tǒng)工作壓力選擇溢流閥，查《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》第四版第四卷表17716選 B型先導(dǎo)式溢流閥，型號(hào)為 BT1032，調(diào)壓范圍 量為 200L/min。 （ 6）節(jié)流閥：節(jié)流閥是一種簡(jiǎn)單而又精確地調(diào)節(jié)執(zhí)行元件速度的流量控制閥，完全關(guān)閉時(shí)它又是截止閥。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)工作壓力和流量來選擇節(jié)流 閥，查《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》第四版第四卷表 17793 選擇 DV 型節(jié)流截止閥，型號(hào)為DV20，通徑為 20mm，流量為 200L/min,最大工作壓力為 35Mpa。 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 34 （ 7）二位四通電磁閥：查《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》軟件版 壓力選擇 WE型電磁換向閥，型號(hào)為 4WE10D10，最大工作壓力為 ，通徑 10mm。 （ 8）三位九通電磁閥：查《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》軟件版 力選擇 WE型電磁換向閥，型號(hào)為 3WE10D10，最大工作壓力為 ，通徑10mm。 機(jī)器的液壓 系統(tǒng)如圖 1主要由 10MCY141B軸向柱塞泵 組合閥 溢流閥3c電磁換向閥 3d組成，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)比合理。 液壓系統(tǒng)的工作原理：當(dāng)油泵工作時(shí)所輸出的油液經(jīng)管道進(jìn)入各工作管路及組合閥 3，油液進(jìn)入組合閥后又分為主油路和控制油路，控制油路的油液經(jīng)節(jié)流孔進(jìn)入處于常開位置的電磁換向閥 3d 后回油箱，不建立壓力，由于節(jié)流閥 3a的關(guān)系，節(jié)流閥前后產(chǎn)生一定的壓力差，使錐閥 3b進(jìn)油口的壓力將高于控制端克服彈簧力的作用，打開 3b直接回油箱，當(dāng)需要控制刀下降時(shí)，按下 YA YA3電磁閥 3d、 9得電換向后，油液推動(dòng)活塞使刀 下降，當(dāng)上刀下降到與刀完成剪切后，上刀架碰到復(fù)合行程開關(guān)閉合電磁換向閥 YA YA4使換向閥 10得電，油液經(jīng) 10使活塞帶動(dòng)刀架回程，完成一次剪切。進(jìn)行下次剪切復(fù)位進(jìn)行下次剪切。 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)傳動(dòng)穩(wěn)定，動(dòng)作靈活，操作簡(jiǎn)單，無需高技術(shù)人員操作。 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 35 Appendix2 China39。s current highend CNC machine tools and the lines into a set of equipment development, production capacity, in the variety, quality and quantity can not meet the needs of the market. Take the automobile industry, aerospace industry, now in urgent need of highgrade CNC machine tool equipment: highspeed processing center, multi axis machining center, double spindle turning and milling center, precision grinding machine and posite grinder, precision EDM, precision large bibcock boring and milling machine and precision boring and milling machine, numerical control plane, while these devices domestic enterprises can39。t still meet, industrialization level still needs to be improved. With the development of our country manufacturing industry, tell Jane board machine development more and more bee the machinery manufacturing industry the mainstay, universal and high performance Jane board machine, widely used in aviation, automobile, agricultural machinery, motors, electrical appliances, instruments, medical equipment, home appliances, hardware and other industries. Through the calculation of prehensive research and the analysis to determine the parameters of tell shears the whole scheme, and design of main ponents of the calculation and the overall structure of spindle box arrangement, finish high speed shearing machine design to fully develop students learn to use the basic theory, ability to analyze and solve practical problems。 for future work towards a better and lay a solid foundation. Our country machine tool output resides the world the fourth, but still rely mainly on imports of highgrade CNC machine tool. The expert points out, want to make level of our country machine tool gets the ascent of the whole, it is necessary to increase the strength of research and development of NC machine tool. In recent years, China39。s CNC machine tools has maintained two digit growth. Last year, production value amounts to 26000000000 yuan, production. But pared 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 36 with developed countries, China39。s machine tool NC rate is not high still, the production rate of NC is less than 30%。 consumption value of NC rate is less than 50%, while the developed countries in 70% or so. Take the cutting machine tools, our country last year the yield is 230000, of which only 24000 units of CNC machine tools, only 1 / 10 to yield. High grade CNC machine tools and ancillary ponents can only rely on imports. Information industry in China is the fastest growing industry, be sure to be our country machine tool industry development to provide strong support. With new material, new energy, automation and other characteristics of the hightech industry will bee a new bright spot of economic development in China, its development needs of a large number of highprecision, plex, intelligent, control, automation of highgrade machine tool. Many national key projects by the demand of machine tool is also quite considerable. Traditional industry technical reformation pace accelerate, manufacturing equipment and numerical control of the increasingly high demand. Experts point out that, with our country current highend CNC machine tools and the lines into a set of equipment development, production capacity, in the variety, quality and quantity can not meet the needs of the market. Take the automobile industry, aerospace industry, now in urgent need of highgrade CNC machine tool equipment: highspeed processing center, multi axis machining center, double spindle turning and milling center, precision grinding machine and posite grinder, precision EDM, precision large bibcock boring and milling machine and precision boring and milling machine, numerical control plane, while these devices domestic enterprises can39。t still meet, industrialization level still needs to be improved. So to enhance the overall level of our country machine tool brook no delay. The special attention is needed, must quickly improve the CNC machine tool products of independent development, manufacturing capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an effective numerical control technology development center, strengthen key 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 37 technology research, test, a set of development。 at the same time, through the international coproduction, joint ventures, the realization of the mainstream product of high starting point, amount, specialization. Improve machine quality, must establish the new machine tool enterprise development mode. According to the insiders, machine tool enterprises to shrink front, refining industry, grasp the key parts, the key process of c