【導(dǎo)讀】圖設(shè)計(jì)，要求按公路等級(jí)三級(jí)、設(shè)計(jì)車速40km/h進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)文件必須符合現(xiàn)行有關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與規(guī)范的規(guī)定。主要?dú)夂蛱攸c(diǎn)是炎熱潮濕。一般是夏季潮濕，而冬季稍顯干燥，干濕季節(jié)分明。秋兩季氣候溫和，集中的雨季是在夏天。石灰、煤渣等主要材料可根據(jù)計(jì)劃需要供應(yīng)。題特色設(shè)計(jì)資料等）。②路線縱斷面圖（全線）-------------------------------------------SⅢ-3. ③路基標(biāo)準(zhǔn)橫斷面圖（１公里）-------------------------------------SⅣ-4. ⑦路基防護(hù)工程設(shè)計(jì)圖-----------------------------SⅣ-18. ⑧路面結(jié)構(gòu)圖（全線）---------------------------------------------SⅣ-20. ①直線、曲線及轉(zhuǎn)角表（全線）-------------------------------------SⅢ-4

　　

【正文】 ia, A. (2020). “ Influence of the processing conditions on the rheological behaviour of polymermodified bitumen.” Fuel, 82(11), 1339– 1348. [20]Punith, V. S., and Veeraragavan, A. (2020). “ Behavior of asphalt concrete mixtures with reclaimed polyethylene as additive.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., (ASCE)08991561(2020)19:6(500), 500– 507. [21]Stastna, J., Zanzotto, L., and Vacin, O. J. (2020). “ Vicosity function in polymermodified asphalts.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 259(1), 200– 207. [22]Tarefder, R. A., and Zaman, A. M. (2020). “ Nanoscale evaluation of moisture damage in polymer modified asphalts.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., (ASCE), 714– 725. [23]Topal, A., ? eng246。z, B., and Metli, M. (2020). “ Polyolefin katk? l? bit252。ml252。 ba? lay? c? lar? n k? vam? ve yumu? ama noktas? na etkileri.” 4. Ulusal Asfalt Sempozyumu Ankara, 70– 79. [24]Valtorta, D., Poulikakos, L. D., Partl, M. N., and Mazza, E. (2020). “ Rheological properties of polymer modified bitumen from longterm field tests.” Fuel, 86(7– 8), 938– 948. Rheological Properties and Performance Evaluation of Phenol Formaldehyde Modified Bitumen Meltem 199。ubuk1。 Metin G252。r252。2。 Mustafa K252。r? at 199。ubuk3。 and Deniz Arslan4 Abstract: This paper deals with the influences of phenol formaldehyde resin on the rheological properties of petroleum bitumen. Differe nt amounts of phenol formaldehyde were doped into the bitumen of 50=70 peration grade and variations in viscosity as a function of temper ature and additive concentration were determined. The effects of the phenol formaldehyde additive were examined by conventional and Superpave test methods. Adhesion and stability of bitumen aggregate mixtures prepared using pure and modified bitumen were pared using Nicholson stripping and Marshall tests. The appropriate dosage of the additive yielding the best rheological and perfor mance properties in hot climates was found to be 2% (w/w). Appreciable decreases in the formation of rutting, bleeding, stripping, and cracking in bitumen may be obtained through phenol formaldehyde addition. DOI: (ASCE). 169。 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers. Author keywords: Modified bitumen。 Phenol formaldehyde。 Rheology。 Adhesion。 Stability. Introduction Bitumen is extensively used in roadway pavements, sealants, and waterproof coatings depending on its low cost, adhesivecohesive nature, rheological properties, and thermal resistance. Generally, flexible paving used in the top layer of the roads is formed from bituminous binders and aggregates. This layer is exposed to a wide range of temperatures and great stresses due to seasonal changes and heavy truck traffic. Cracking can occur at low temperatures due to the shrinkage of the pavement while its cohesive strength decreases at high temperatures which lead to permanent deforma tion under traffic loadings. Flexible pavement distresses such as rutting, cracking, and stripping increase in severity with increasing traffic load. Performance and stability improvements of this top paving layer would enhance the quality of roads and appreciable savings would result through decreased maintenance costs. Since it is the material properties of bituminous binders and the aggre gates that determine the quality of the paving in the condition of all other variables (., workmanship, weather condition during paving) are constant, improving this quality by various modifica tions of bitumen is widely attempted. Bitumen may be modified through doping with additives such as surfactants and polymers. Surfactants can be classified into two groups as cationic surfactants and anionic surfactants. Both of them are generally used as antistripping agents. Particularly, cationic sur factants are appropriate for electronegative materials like silica, 1Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Gazi Univ., Maltepe, Ankara 06570, Turkey. 2Professor, Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Gazi Univ., Maltepe, Ankara 06570, Turkey (corresponding author). Email: 3Assistant Professor, Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Gazi Univ., Maltepe, Ankara 06570, Turkey. 4Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Gazi Univ., Maltepe, Ankara 06570, Turkey. Note. This manuscript was submitted on April 3, 2020。 approved on July 1, 2020。 published online on March 19, 2020. Discussion period open until August 19, 2020。 separate discussions must be submitted for indivi dual papers. This paper is part of the Journal of Materials in Civil Engi neering, 169。 ASCE, ISSN 08991561/04014015(6)/$. quartz, and granite. Manganese abietate, anionic surfactant, was added to the mixtures with electropositive aggregates (limestone and basalt) by % (w/w) in order to improve adhesion of bitumenaggregate coatings for better stripping resistance (G252。r252。 2020). Similarly, the adhesion force at the bitumenaggregate inter face was improved and the stripping was significantly reduced by anicbased synthetic pounds (Arslan et al. 2020a, 2020). Thermoplastic polymers, thermosetting plastics, rubbers, and block copolymers are usually used to modify bitumen with the in tent to improve the performance of binders. Thermoplastics are softened or melted by heat and hardened by cooling. Their mole cules are not crosslinked. Polyethylene is the simplest thermoplas tic polymer and can be used as a bitumen modifier (PerezLepe et al. 2020). Reclaimed polyethylene was reported to reduce the rutting potential and temperature susceptibility of the asphalt mixtures (Punith and Veeraragavan 2020). Besides, lowdensity polyethylene (LDPE) was determined to improve the mixture performance in terms of Marshall stability, indirect tensile, and pressive strength (AlHadidy and Tan 2020). Thermosetting plastics