【導讀】nationalism;people’srights;people’slivelihood.way.walkonthemoon.greatperson?into?Mandeladid.Eliaswasborn.Eliasbeganschool.Eliasleftschool.buildings.helpblackpeople.theANC.

　　

【正文】 eople。 their death is weightier than Mount Taishan. I am dying for a cup of water. die for 也意為“渴望，切望”（只用于進行時態(tài)） 87 5. He fought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War II. 二戰(zhàn)時期他抵抗德國納粹和日本侵略者。 fight (fought, fought) fight for 為 …… 而戰(zhàn) fight against 與 …… 作斗爭 We will have to fight against difficulties. They told the workers to fight for their rights. 88 6. He founded the first Republic in China in 1911 after many years’ fighting. 經過多年斗爭他于 1911在中國創(chuàng)建了第一個共和國。 found (founded, founded) 建立，創(chuàng)建 find (found, found) The hospital was founded in 1920. Have you found your missing pen? 89 7. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism。 people’s rights。 people’s livelihood. 他堅信三條原則：民族，民權，民生。 believe in 信任，信仰 Do you believe in God? We believe in our government. believe sb. = believe what sb. says 相信某人的話 believe in sb. 信任某人 He believe what he said because I believe in him. 90 8. He gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way. 他為了他的思想而放棄了富裕生活，并且用和平方式為他的國家擺脫英國而進行了戰(zhàn)斗。 give up 表示主動放棄或屈服 He has decided to give up smoking. give in 表示被動屈服或認輸， 后面不帶賓語 You can’t win the game, so you may as well give in. free from 擺脫（不好的東西）的，無 …… 的 Keep the children free from harm. You should try to write sentences free from mistakes. 91 9. He fought for the black people and was in prison for thirty years. 他為黑人而戰(zhàn)且坐過三十年監(jiān)獄。 be in prison 在獄中，被監(jiān)禁 He has been in prison for five years. put…in prison = send…to prison = throw …into prison 把 …… 投入監(jiān)獄 The car thieves have been put in prison. He was sent to prison for ten years. 92 10. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. period 期間，時期，學校的一節(jié)課，周期 Let’s finish this period and have a break. a period of rotation 自轉周期 the time when 其中 when 引起定語從句 This was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Do you still remember the time when we first met? the time 可用于引起時間狀語從句，這時一般不加when。 I recognized him the time I saw him. 93 11. It was in 1952 and he had opened a black law firm to advise poor black people on their problems. 1) advise ab. on sth. 就 …… 給某人出主意 I have advised you on that subject. 2) advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人干 …… Our monitor advises me to practice more spoken English. 3) advise that +(should) do I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isn’t ripe. 94 12. Sadly I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was worried about whether I would be out of work. be worried about = worry about 擔心 She worries about her health. = She is worried about her health. out of work 失業(yè) Jim has been out of work for months. 95 13. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 過去三十年里出現(xiàn)了最多的法律來剝奪我們的權利 , 阻擋我們的進步 ,直到今天我們已經到了幾乎沒有任何權力的地步 . see 在此句意為 “ 見證，目睹 ” ； (在某段時期 )發(fā)生 (某情況 ),經歷 ,經受 。 為某事發(fā)生之時，主語為時間 The last few months has seen more and more traffic accidents. The city has seen many changes. 96 14. … only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那時我們才決定以暴力對暴力。 only then 此處引起倒裝句，當 only修飾狀語位于句首時，句子采用部分倒裝的結構。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. only 修飾主語時，句子不倒裝。 Only he knew how to solve the problem. 97 15. As a matter of fact, I do not like violence…but in 1936 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事實上我不喜歡暴力 …… 但在 1963年我?guī)退艘恍┱髽?. as a matter of fact = in fact As a matter of fact, I don’t know the truth. 98 I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and white people equal. be equal to 等于，相當于 I’m not equal to the position. Women demand equal pay for equal work. 99 1. You cannot imagine how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你想象不到聽到羅本島這個名字令我們多么害怕 。 imagine n./doing sth./sb.+doing/that… Can you imagine life without electricity? I din’t imagine being a writer in my childhood. I can’t imagine her marrying him. Imagine that you are a bird. 100 2. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息時間和晚上我們本應該睡覺的時候他教授我們。 should do amp。 should have done He should have e earlier. You should e earlier tomorrow. You should have written to your mother. My teacher said I should study harder. I should have studied harder when I was young. 101 should do 表示應該做，一般指現(xiàn)在或將來的動作，指過去的動作時應站在過去的角度。 should have done 表示本應該做而沒有做的。站在現(xiàn)在的角度上評說過去的事情。 102 asleep, sleep amp。 sleepy Is he still sleeping? Yes, he is fast asleep. I was too sleepy to hear the end of her talk. I usually sleep seven hours a day. asleep 是表語形容詞，意為 “ 睡著的 ” 。 sleep 是動詞或名詞，意為 “ 睡覺 ” 。 sleepy 是形容詞，意為 “ 打盹的 ” 。 103 3. As they were not cleverer than me, but did pass their exam, I knew I could get a degree too. 由于他們不如我聰明而又確實通過了考試，我知道我也能獲得學位。 did pass 為強調結構，強調謂語動詞時，在動詞原行前加 do, does, did. Do be careful! I do hope you have a merry Christmas! He does speak English well! 104 4. I did not work for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1993.