【正文】 t all possible binations of the factor levels and will give information about interactions between factors. 最重要的是 , 試驗(yàn)要隨機(jī)化 , 要用相同的原因 , 重復(fù)測試對各個(gè)因素之影響 It is important to Randomize experiments and run several Replicates to separate factor effects from mon cause variation. 部份因子法可以減少試驗(yàn)次數(shù) , 但得到的信息也會減少 Fractional Factorial designs can reduce the number of trial, but will also reduce the information gained. 33 制程控制計(jì)劃 Process Control Plan ? 它是“定位、實(shí)施、保持”之強(qiáng)大工具 The process control plan is a great tool to make sure the process fixes you put in place stay in place ? 控制計(jì)劃的文件化很重要 Documentation of the control plan is important ? 控制計(jì)劃的鑒察需要有效的反饋回路 Monitoring of the control plan requires an effective feedback loop ? 制定鑒察計(jì)劃時(shí)要考慮全局 Look at the big picture when developing the monitoring scheme 34 控制計(jì)劃 Control Plan 控制計(jì)劃可以保證改善項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)完成、已改善的流程交回給其原主人以后 , 所取得的改善效果不會因此褪色。 The Control Plan assures that the good improvements established by your project will not deteriorate once the improved process is returned to the process owners 控制計(jì)劃必須文件化 , 方便今后還能作參考 Control Plans should be documented so they can be referenced later 特性 Characteristic 能力 Capability 測量方法 Measurement Method GR R/MSA 控制形式 Type of Control 頻次 Frequency 信號 Signal 行動(dòng) Action 責(zé)任人 Responsibility 直徑 A Diameter A sig 千分尺 Micrometer 10% 單值 移動(dòng)極差控制圖 IMR 連續(xù) Continuous 超出極限 Outoflimits 停機(jī) , 糾正 Stop and correct 單元工人 A cell operator 冷卻劑 Coolant 目測 Visual check 評審 Audit 每月 Monthly 藍(lán)色 Blue color 若非藍(lán)色 , 更換之 If not blue, replace 單元工人 A cell operator 35 改善公報(bào) – 改善活動(dòng)后的行動(dòng)清單 Kaizen Newspaper Post Event Action List 項(xiàng) 次Item 改善項(xiàng)目 Kaizen Description 負(fù)責(zé)人 Who 時(shí)間 When 預(yù)期結(jié)果 Results (Expected) 1 每 10次澆鑄就清潔工模 Clean molds every 10 pours Matt 7月 21日 Jul. 21 不良品減少 Reduced defects 2 跟蹤工模機(jī)構(gòu) Tracking mechanism for molds Matt 7月 21日 Jul. 21 工模更干凈 Cleaner molds 3 4 5 6 7 36 精益西格瑪 SM流程 The LeanSigmaSM Process 測量 Measure 分析 Analyze 改善 Improve 控制 Control ? 決定制程指標(biāo) Determine performance ? 確定測量系統(tǒng) Verify measurement system ? 識別 Y及基本的 X Identify Y preliminary “x’s” ? 縮小范圍 , 找出主要的幾個(gè) X Narrow the field to the vital few “x’s” ? 識別主要 X, 并實(shí)施改善 Identify implement Kaizen improvements for vital few ? 驗(yàn)證改善效果 Verify improvements ? 優(yōu)化主要 X之設(shè)置 Optimize settings for vital few ? 控制流程 , 保證成果 Control the process to maintain the gains ? 制定計(jì)劃 , 控制及評審流程 Establish a plan to control review the process 結(jié)果 Deliverables ? 問題陳述 Problem statement ? 財(cái)政及客戶影響 Finan. customer impact ? “Y”及缺陷次數(shù)之定義 “Y” defect definition ? 識別主要的“ X” Preliminary “x’s” identified ? 質(zhì)量圖 Quality map ? 短期及長期制程能力 Zst Zlt ? 測量系統(tǒng)分析 MSA ? 找出根本原因 Root cause determination ? 主要“ X”與“ Y”之關(guān)系 Correlation of vital few “x’s” with “Y” ? 對“ X”進(jìn)行圖形及統(tǒng)計(jì)分析 Graphical statistical analysis of “x’s” ? 優(yōu)化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化操作 Refined standard ops ? 防錯(cuò)流程 Mistake proof process ? 改善表現(xiàn)評估 Estimate of improved performance ? 改善結(jié)果及公報(bào) Kaizen results newspaper ? 培訓(xùn)工人 Train operators ? 結(jié)果分析及流程驗(yàn)證 Results analysis process verification ? 制定控制計(jì)劃 Develop control plan ? 識別借力機(jī)會 Identify leverage opportunities 常用控制工具 Common Tools ? 質(zhì)量圖 Quality mapping ? 因果圖 C E diagram ? 柏拉圖分析 Pareto analysis ? 制程能力分析 Capability analysis ? 儀器重復(fù)性與再現(xiàn)性 Gage RR ? 比較分析 Comparative analysis ? 柱裝圖 Histograms ? 盒狀圖 Box whisker ? 矩陣圖 Matrix plots ? 推移圖 Run charts ? 變異數(shù)分析 ANOVA ? 線性回歸 Linear regression ? 多變量回歸 Multivariate regression ? 二元邏輯回歸 Binary logistic regression ? 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) DOE ? 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 (改善 ) Risk assessment (improvement) ? 防錯(cuò)措施 (改善 ) Mistake proofing (improvement) ? 統(tǒng)計(jì)容差分析 Statistical tolerancing ? 控制計(jì)劃 (統(tǒng)計(jì)制程控制 ) Control plan (SPC) ? 防措措施 (控制 ) Mistake proofing (controls) ? 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 (控制 ) Risk assessment (controls) 37 謝謝觀看 /歡迎下載 BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH