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e lasers with extreme colour definition can be constructed, and the frequency b technique enables us to measure extremely accurately the frequency of light of all colours. This allows us to measure both time and distance more accurately than before. Monolithic frequency bs on a chip Whereas normally mode locked lasers are used as frequency b generators, another method using monolithic microresonators has been developed in our group at MPQ [4]. The frequency bs are induced in micron size silica microtoroids [5] (which have approximately the diameter of a human hair) by nonlinear optical processes that convert pump light that is sent to the resonator into symmetric sidebands around the pump frequency (The distance to the sidebands corresponds to the free spectral range of the microcavity, which is between 100 GHz and 1 THz for different microcavity sizes). Supercontinuum generation 3總結(jié) 從分析 100多年的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)中可以看出,自 19世紀(jì)以來(lái) ,光學(xué)在相干性、量子性和非線性等方面都有很大的進(jìn)展。關(guān)于光的相干性和量子性的研究已取得了豐碩的成果。而關(guān)于非線性的研究已有了很好的基礎(chǔ)和研究手段,正處于快速發(fā)展的階段。我們有理由相信,一個(gè)輝煌的、集中反映非線性研究成果的時(shí)期將會(huì)到來(lái)。以上提出的看法,從一個(gè)新的角度探討了物理學(xué)發(fā)展過(guò)程的一個(gè)側(cè)面。我們希望在這方面展開(kāi)更加深入的分析和討論。 展望 21世紀(jì)前景廣闊 ? Figure 1. a) Scanning electron micrograph of a microtoroid with ultrahigh optical and mechanical Q. Light circulates at the rim of the torus, which is held by a silica disc at the tip of a sharp silicon pillar. b) Optically measured spectrum of radius fluctuations of the resonator at room temperature (red line). ? Figure 2. Generic optomechanical system. 演講完畢,謝謝觀看!