【正文】 , disconnection Standardize solutions ,measure 瓶頸，中斷 使解決方案標準化 workflow principles 工作流程原 Implement new process , structure, system 實行新的過程，結(jié)構(gòu)，系統(tǒng) Establish standard measurements Establish measures and reviews to to maintaining performance maintaining performance 建立標準方法以維持績效 制定措施并評審以維持績效 Correct problems as needed Correct problems as needed 必要時糾正問題 必要是糾正問題Improve改善Control控制 Focus__Vital Few xiYYYYYx1, x2, ... xnx1, x2, ... xnVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xi 階段 _MeasureAnalyzeImproveControlSelect process or product characteristics (s)。 .., Customer YDefine Performance Standards For YValidate Measurement System for YEstablish Process Capability of Creating YDefine Improvement Objectives For YIdentify Variation Sources In YScreen Potential Causes For Change In Y Identify Vital Few xiDiscover Variable Relationships Between Vital Few xiEstablish Operating Tolerances On Vital Few xiValidate Measurement System For xiDetermine Ability To Control Vital Few xiImplement Process Control System On Vital Few xiMAIC Focus__Vital Few xiYYYYYx1, x2, ... xnx1, x2, ... xnVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xi 階段 _MeasureAnalyzeImproveControl　　　　　　 選擇產(chǎn)品或過程的關(guān)鍵特性如客戶 Y為Ｙ定義績效和標準 Y驗證對 Y的測量系統(tǒng) Y建立產(chǎn)生過程 y的過程能力 Y定義對 Y的改進目標 Y識別 Y中的變異源 Y識別 Y中變異的潛在原因，識別關(guān)鍵的少數(shù) xi Y i揭示在關(guān)鍵的少數(shù) x之間的關(guān)系 xi為關(guān)鍵的少數(shù)建立運行容差 xi確認 x的測量系統(tǒng) xi決定控制關(guān)鍵少數(shù) x的能力 xi對關(guān)鍵的少數(shù) x實行過程控制系統(tǒng) xiMAIC Optimized Process優(yōu)化的過程30 5010 1548Key Process InputVariables ( KPIVs)8 10 KPIVsCritical KPIVs36 Key Leverage KPIVsInputs VariablesProcess MapMultiVari Studies,CorrelationsScreening DOE’sDOE’s, RSMCE Matrix and FMEAGage RR, CapabilityTTest, ANOM, ANOVAQuality SystemsSPC, Control PlansMeasureAnalyzeImproveControlFinding The Leverage KPIVs 找出關(guān)鍵的 KPIVNarrow the scope of Input Variables to identify the Leverage KPIVs縮小輸入變量的范圍，識別最重要的 KPIVs,The foundation of the Six Sigma Tools6西格馬的工具Data Driven Analysis 建立在數(shù)據(jù)之上的分析Data is used to classify , describe , improve , control 數(shù)據(jù)可做分類，描述，改善，控制之用Level of Analysis : 分析層面1. We only use experience , not data 我們只憑經(jīng)驗，不用數(shù)據(jù)2. We collect data, but just look at the number , 我們收集數(shù)據(jù)，但只看數(shù)字．3. We group the data so as to form charts and graphs. 我們組合收據(jù)，以制作表．4. We use sample data with descriptive statistics. 我們用樣本數(shù)據(jù)的描述性統(tǒng)計．5. We use sample data with inferential statistics. 我們用樣本數(shù)據(jù)的推理統(tǒng)計．What level are you at ? 你現(xiàn)在處于哪個層面上？Objective Solution .. Not Opinion !客觀的解決方案，而不是沒根據(jù)的看法！Data + Analysis Narrows Debate數(shù)據(jù)＋分析　　數(shù)據(jù)面前人人平等this data supports with 99% confidence that the root cause is …… Any objections ? 根據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)，可以有 99%的把握認為問題的原因是 ….The role of Measurement 測量的作用If we cannot express what we know in the form of numbers, we really don’t know much about it .如果我們不能用數(shù)字描述我們了解的事物，那我們就沒有真正了解該事物．If we don’t know much about it, we cannot control it .如果我們沒有了解該事物，就沒有辦法控制．If we cannot control it , we are at the mercy of chance.如果我們不能控制，我們只有聽天由命了． Focus__Vital Few xiYYYYYx1, x2, ... xnx1, x2, ... xnVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xi 階段 _MeasureAnalyzeImproveControl　　　　　　 選擇產(chǎn)品或過程的關(guān)鍵特性如客戶 Y為Ｙ定義績效和標準 Y驗證對 Y的測量系統(tǒng) Y建立產(chǎn)生過程 y的過程能力 Y定義對 Y的改進目標 Y識別 Y中的變異源 Y識別 Y中變異的潛在原因，識別關(guān)鍵的少數(shù) xi Y i揭示在關(guān)鍵的少數(shù) x之間的關(guān)系 xi為關(guān)鍵的少數(shù)建立運行容差 xi確認 x的測量系統(tǒng) xi決定控制關(guān)鍵少數(shù) x的能力 xi對關(guān)鍵的少數(shù) x實行過程控制系統(tǒng) xiMAIC 一個關(guān)于街頭博彩的故事我是一名街頭藝人而你是一名剛好路過但對我的街頭博彩感興趣的路人，游戲規(guī)則如下：我有三個外表一模一樣的箱子，其中兩個裝有兩張注明 “謝謝，歡迎再次光臨 ”字樣的紙條，剩下一個卻裝有一張可免費換取價值大概為 30000元嶄新電腦（市面上最快的 CPU速度）一臺，你付 500元開始玩這個游戲．你可以任意選擇一個箱子，然后我會當你的面打開另一個裝有廢紙條的箱子，（因為至少有一只裝有廢紙條的箱子沒有被選中，）隨后，我再給你一次改變你選擇的機會．換還是不換？請問你是改變你的確定贏面大，還是繼續(xù)維持你原來的選擇贏面大呢？When intuition leads us down the wrong path, data set us straight 當直覺引導我們沿著錯誤的路線進行時，數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助我們回到正確的路線上．Thinking Twice : Nothing is lose, if we change , So why NOT?考慮清楚：既然改變不會給我們帶來任何損失，為什么不呢？eSix Sigma :Introduction To MinitabWhat is Minitab? Minitab是什么? Minitab is a Statistical Software Package for... 它是一套統(tǒng)計軟件工具，可用來 :l Performing Simple and Complex Data Analyses 進行簡單或復雜的數(shù)據(jù)分析 .l Executing Quality Analyses, such as 執(zhí)行相關(guān)的質(zhì)量分析 , 如226。 Measurement Systems Analysis測量體統(tǒng)分析226。 Process Capability Studies 過程能力分析226。 Control Charts 控制圖l Designing and Analyzing Experiments 設(shè)計和分析試驗l Doing Data Exploration 數(shù)據(jù)探察l And Much More 更多功用How Does Minitab Work? Minitab 如何操作 ?n Data is entered using a spreadsheetlike format onto a “worksheet” 使用類似電子數(shù)據(jù)表的格式將數(shù)據(jù)輸入到工作表n Pulldown menus allow a detailed selection of statistical options 下拉菜單有統(tǒng)計選項的詳細選擇n Additional pulldown menus may appear 附加下拉菜單有子菜單n “OK” runs the internal programs, providing results either on graphical inserts or on a “session” window “OK”運行內(nèi)部程序 ,提供圖形插入或 ”任務 ”窗口的結(jié)果n Results can be saved either as a worksheet, or as a project, which is a collection of worksheets　結(jié)果可存儲為工作表或項目，項目是工作表的集合．n Three important windows , Graph Folder, Session Window, worksheet Folder (Green Window ) 　 Minitab由三個重要的視窗，圖文件夾，分析窗口，表格文件夾組成．Data Entry　　數(shù)據(jù)輸入n Data is entered onto a worksheet either by copying from another program, such as EXCEL, or by manually entering the data　可以從其他程序（如 Excel）將數(shù)據(jù)拷貝到工作表，或手工輸入．　n There are two different data types　有兩種不同類型的數(shù)據(jù)類型n Variable　變量n Character (these variables then get a “T” subscript after the column designation, such as C4 T)　字符（在列指定后，這類變量變?yōu)椋裕?C4T).n