【正文】
ors Scheduled meetings, task forces Vertical munication Plans Rules 相互調(diào)整 規(guī)劃 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 21 Relationships Among Interdependence and Other Characteristics of Team Play Baseball Football Basketball Interdependence: Pooled Sequential Reciprocal Physical dispersion of players: High Medium Low Coordination: Rules that govern the sport Game plan and position roles Mutual adjustment and shared responsibility Key management job: Select players and develop their skills Prepare and execute game Influence flow of game Source: Based on William Passmore, Carol E. Francis, and Jeffrey Halderman, “Sociotechnical Systems: A North American Reflection On the Empirical Studies of the 70’s,” Human Relations 35 (1982): 11791204. 22 Impact of Technology on job design 技術(shù)對(duì)員工的影響 –工作設(shè)計(jì) Job Design: ?包含了「目標(biāo)的設(shè)定」以及「利用員工完成工作」 ?於先進(jìn)技術(shù),員工必須學(xué)習(xí)新技能,因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)隨時(shí)在改變 ? 社會(huì)科技系統(tǒng) Sociotechnical System: ?討論 人 與 技術(shù) 需要互動(dòng)的部分,如何結(jié)合 人 與 組織的需要使得技術(shù)更有效率 ?社會(huì) / 科技 23 最佳化設(shè)計(jì) 工作角色、任務(wù) 工作流程 目標(biāo)與價(jià)值 技能與才能 Sociotechnical Systems Model 社會(huì)系統(tǒng) ?個(gè)人與小組行為 ?組織 /小組文化 ?管理規(guī)則 ?領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格 ?公開溝通程度 ?個(gè)人需要與慾望 技術(shù)系統(tǒng) ?生產(chǎn)技術(shù)類型 ?相互依靠水準(zhǔn) ?實(shí)體工作的設(shè)定 ?生產(chǎn)程序的複雜性 ?原料的本質(zhì) ?時(shí)間的壓力 24