【導(dǎo)讀】為了盡量減少系統(tǒng)的中斷時間，許多設(shè)備已變得可以監(jiān)察電力變壓器的。這些設(shè)備，例如，巴克霍爾茲繼電器或差動繼電器，是為了對付一。因此，預(yù)防技術(shù)，及早發(fā)現(xiàn)故障，以避免中斷將是非常值得的。許多研究人員和電力部門匯報了他們關(guān)于溶解。因此，變壓器的診斷仍然。是在啟發(fā)式階段。去落實這樣的診斷問題。這種方法的局限性通過納入診斷程序和綜合專業(yè)知識而被克服。由于執(zhí)行情況等的結(jié)果，不同的確定性的因素將被分。家系統(tǒng)，大約有數(shù)以百計的氣體的TPC的歷史紀(jì)錄，已經(jīng)經(jīng)過測試。故障類型及維修的建議，可以支持維護(hù)人員以提高變壓器的診斷的表現(xiàn)。因此，故障應(yīng)查明并避免在盡可能出現(xiàn)在早的階段，許多以DGA為基礎(chǔ)的用以診斷初期惡化的方法已經(jīng)被發(fā)表出來。規(guī)范地建立一個足夠大的取樣濃度，以評估統(tǒng)計。TPC從電力變壓器調(diào)查的氣。體數(shù)據(jù)用以建立其自己的準(zhǔn)則。由羅杰斯提出的。的證據(jù)，以確認(rèn)一些特殊的故障類型。的CH，以乙烷是有關(guān)區(qū)分故障。提供這些規(guī)則的細(xì)節(jié)。

　　

【正文】 With the help of this interface, the capability of tracing, explaining and training in an expert system is greatly simplified. 4. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROPOSED EXPERT SYSTEM An expert system is developed based on the proposed interpretative rules and diagnostic procedures of the overall system. To demonstrate the feasibility of this expert system in diagnosis, the gas data supported by MTL of TPC have been tested. In Taiwan, the MTL of TPC performs the DGA and sends the results to all acting divisions relating to power transformers. In return, these acting divisions are requested to collect and supply their transformer oil samples periodically. After analyzing oil samples, more than ten years39。 worthy gas records are collected and classified into three voltage levels, 69KV， 161KV and 345KV. Thus, gas records for one transformer are posed of several groups of data. In the process of DGA interpretation, all of these data may be considered, but only the recent data which have significant effects on diagnosis are listed in the later demonstration. In MTL, all gas concentrations are expressed by ppm in volume concentration. 100 ppm is equal to ml (gas)/100 ml (oil). From the expertise of diagnosis, the normal state can be confirmed only by inspection of the transformers39。 norms level. In practice, most of the transformer oil samples are normal, and this can be inferred successfully on the early execution of this expert system. However, the Success of an expert system is mainly dependent on the capability of diagnosis for the transformers in question. In the implementation, many gas records which are in abnormal condition are chosen to test the Justification of this diagnostic system. A total of 101 transformer records have been executed and the results are summarized in Table 5. Among those implemented, three are listed and demonstrated. Shown in Table 5 are the test results of 101 units of transformers in three types of remedy: normal, thermal fault and arc fault. After paring them with the actual state and expert judgment, a summary of results was obtained. As previously stated, one unit of transformer may include many groups of gas data. In evaluation, we depicted some key groups in one unit to justify because some transformers may have different incipient faults during different operational stages. Some mistakes implemented from testing are caused by the remaining oil in the oil sampling container, unstable gas characteristics of the new degassing sample and some obscure gas types. If more information or new techniques support other uncertain membership functions, they can be added into the knowledge bas to enlarge the performance of this prototype expert system. Furthermore, the parameters described in Table 2, 3 and 4 are suitable for TPC power transformer. Different regions may be modified if the maintenance personnel find more suitable system parameters. 5. CONCLUSIONS A prototype expert system is developed on a personal puter using KES. It can diagnose the incipient faults of the suspected transformers and suggest proper maintenance actions. Fuzzy set concept is used to handle uncertain norms thresholds, gas ratio boundaries and key gas analysis. The synthetic method and diagnostic procedure are proposed to assist the situation which can not be handled properly by the gas ratio methods. Results from the implementation of the expert system shows that the expert system is a useful tool to assist human experts and maintenance engineers. The knowledge base of this expert system is incorporated within the popular interpretative method of DGA, synthetic expertise and heuristic maintenance rules. The data base supported by TPC MTL for about 10 year collection of transformer inspection data is also used to improve the interpretation of diagnosis. Through the development of the proposed expert system, the expertise of TPC MTL can be reserved. In addition, this work can be continued to expand the knowledge base by adding any new experience, measurement and analysis techniques. 指導(dǎo)教師評語： 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 年 月 日