【正文】
basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity. A stem is the surplus part after the cutting of inflectional morpheme in a word with inflectional morphemes,can be further analyzed, it sometimes could be a root. Individualistic Undesirables Individualist (stem) undesirable (stem) Individual (stem) desirable (stem) dividual (stem) desire (root, stem) divide(root, stem) Affixation詞綴法(Derivation派生法):adding wordformation or derivational affixes to stem. Prefixation前綴@:It39。s the formation of new words by adding a prefixes to stems. 1)39。表示否定39。nagative prefixes: un,non,in,dis,a etc. 2)39。39。reversative or privative prefixes: un,dedis etc. 3)39。表示貶義39。pejorative prefixes: mis, mal, pseudo etc. 4)39。表示程度39。degree or size prefixes: arch, super,out,sub,over,under,hyper,ultra,mini etc. 5)39。表示方向、態(tài)度39。orientation amp。 attitude prefixes:counter,contra,anti,pro etc. 6)locative prefixes:super,sub,inter,trans etc. 7)39。表示時間、次序39。time and order prefixes:fore,pre,post,ex,re etc. 8)39。表示數(shù)量39。number prefixes:uni/mono,bi/di,tri,multi/poly etc. 9)39?;祀s39。miscellaneous prefixes:auto, neo, pan, vice Suffixation后綴@: It39。s the formation of a new word by adding suffixes to stems. 1)noun suffixes 2)adjective suffixes 3)Adverb suffixes 4)verb suffixes Compounding復(fù)合法 (also called position) Compounding: is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems Formation of pounds Noun noun(名詞+名詞) —— handbook, sunshine Adjective noun(形容詞+名詞)——highway, deadline Adjective noun ed(形容詞+名詞+ed)——whitehaired, redeyed Verb noun(動詞+名詞)——driveway, breakwater(擋水板) Adverb noun(副詞+名詞)——downtown, overburden Noun verb(名詞+動詞)——toothpick, snowfall Verb adverb(動詞+副詞)——followup, kickoff Noun adjective(名詞+形容詞)——worldfamous, lifelong ing form noun(ing 名詞)——baking power, diningroom other forms(其他)——gobetween, fatherinlaw Features of pounds復(fù)合詞的特征 ?。–ompounds are written in three ways: solid(airmail) hyphenated(airconditioning) open(air force, air raid) (復(fù)合詞的詞性一般取決于復(fù)合詞最后一個成分的詞性) ?。◤?fù)合詞的意義具有習(xí)語性質(zhì),許多復(fù)合詞的意義都不是其構(gòu)成成分意義和總和) ?。◤?fù)合詞的單詞重音落在第一個構(gòu)成成分上)