【正文】 dress. Smith, Greg. Rhesus Monkeys in the Zoo. No date. Online image. Monkey Picture Gallery. 3 May 2003. . Email (or other personal munications)Author. Title of the message (if any) Email to person39。s name. Date of the message. This same format may be used for personal interviews or personal letters. These do not have titles, and the description should be appropriate. Instead of Email to John Smith, you would have Personal interview. Email to youKunka, Andrew. Re: Modernist Literature. Email to the author. 15 Nov. 2000. Email munication between two parties, not including the authorNeyhart, David. Re: Online Tutoring. Email to Joe Barbato. 1 Dec. 2000. A listserv postingAuthor. Title of Posting. Online posting. Date when material was posted (for example: 18 Mar. 1998). Name of listserv. Date of access electronic address for retrieval. Online PostingKarper, Erin. Wele! Online posting. 23 Oct. 2000. Professional Writing Bulletin Board. 12 Nov. 2000 html.
An article or publication retrieved from an electronic database
If you39。re citing an article or a publication that was originally issued in print form but that you retrieved from an online database that your library subscribes to, you should provide enough information so that the reader can locate the article either in its original print form or retrieve it from the online database (if they have access). Provide the following information in your citation:Author. Title of Article. Publication Name Volume Number (if necessary) Publication Date: page numberpage number. Database name. Service name. Library Name, City, State. Date of access electronic address of the database. Here39。s an example:Smith, Martin. World Domination for Dummies. Journal of Despotry Feb. 2000: 6672. Expanded Academic ASAP. Gale Group Databases. Purdue University Libraries, West Lafayette, IN. 19 February 2003 . Article in a reference database on CDROMWorld War II. Encarta. CDROM. Seattle: Microsoft, 1999. Article from a periodically published database on CDROMReed, William. Whites and the Entertainment Industry. Tennessee Tribune 25 Dec. 1996: 28. Ethnic NewsWatch. CDROM. Data Technologies. Feb. 1997. Other Types of Sources
The MLA Style Manual provides extensive examples of other source citations in chapter six。 The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers provides extensive examples covering a wide variety of potential sources in chapter four. If your particular case is not covered here, use the basic forms to determine the correct format, consult the MLA Handbook, visit the links in our additional resources section, talk to your instructor, or call the Writing Lab (7654943723) for help.Government publication United States Dept. of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health. Washington: GPO, 2000. PamphletOffice of the Dean of Students. Resources for Success: Learning Disabilities and Attention Deficit Disorders. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2000. Interview that you conductedPurdue, Pete. Personal Interview. 1 Dec. 2000. A lecture or a speechTo cite a lecture or a speech, give the speaker39。s name, the title of the lecture or speech (if known) in quotation marks, the meeting and the sponsoring organization (if applicable), the location [including place and city, if available], and the date. If there is no title, use an appropriate descriptive label (., Lecture, Address, Keynote speech), neither underlined nor enclosed in quotation marks (MLA Handbook, 206).Harris, Muriel. Writing Labs: A Short History. 2003 Writing Center Conference. National Writing Centers Association. La Swank Hotel, Seattle. 28 March 2003. AdvertisementLufthansa. Advertisement. Time 20 Nov. 2000: 151. Television or radio programThe Blessing Way. The XFiles. Fox. WXIA, Atlanta. 19 Jul. 1998. Sound recordingU2. All That You Can39。t Leave Behind. Interscope, 2000. FilmThe Usual Suspects. Dir. Bryan Singer. Perf. Kevin Spacey, Gabriel Byrne, Chazz Palminteri, Stephen Baldwin, and Benecio del Toro. Polygram, 1995. TV AdvertisementStaples. Advertisement. CBS. 3 Dec. 2000. A Note on Footnotes and Endnotes
Because long explanatory notes can be distracting to readers, most academic style guidelines (including MLA and APA) remend limited use of footnotes/endnotes. An exception is Chicagostyle documentation, which relies on notes for all citations as well as explanatory notes. But even in that case, extensive discursive notes are discouraged. Proper use of notes would include:1. evaluative bibliographic ments, for example:1 See Blackmur, especially chapters three and four, for an insightful analysis of this trend. 2 On the problems related to repressed memory recovery, see Wollens pp. 120 35。 for a contrasting view, see Pyle. 2. occasional explanatory notes or other brief additional information that would seem digressive if included in the main text but might be interesting to readers, for example:3 In a 1998 interview, she reiterated this point even more strongly: I am an artist, not a politician! (Weller 124).
Footnotes in MLA format are indicated by consecutive superscript arabic numbers in the text. The notes themselves are listed by consecutive superscript arabic numbers and appear doublespaced in regular paragraph format (a new paragraph for each note) on a separate page under the word Notes (centered, in plain text without quotation marks).12