【正文】 00 are in London, including the Royal National Theatre. The Royal Shakespeare Company performs in StratforduponAvon, Shakespeare39。s birthplace, and in London. Sixtyfour panies receive subsidies from the Arts Councils. Contemporary British playwrights who have received international recognition include Harold Pinter, Alan Ayckbourn, Caryl Churchill and David Hare. The musicals of Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber, including Evita, Cats and Phantom of the Opera, have been highly successful in Britain, New York and around the world. Music There is music for every taste in Britain including opera, choral and classical orchestras pieces, rock and pop, folk and jazz, military and brass bands, acoustic and newly emerging musical collaborations such as music theatre, music video and music with live arts. In musical position, experimentation is in vogue, with posers mixing their sources: medieval modes and minimalism, quotations from Wagner and from Debussy, Indian melodies and African rhythms. Since the early 60s with the emergence of the Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and the Who, through the 70s with Genesis, Led Zeppelin and Pink Floyd and the 80s with Dire Straits and The Police and punk pioneers like The Sex Pistols and others, British bands have generated major followings worldwide representing a multimillion dollar industry. And the legacy continued into the 90 with Pop phenoms The Spice Girls and groups like Oasis, The Verve, Jamiroquai, and the list goes on. British Pop music is alive and well and will continue to be in 2022 and beyond. Britain39。s leading symphony orchestras include the London Philharmonic, the City of Birmingham Symphony, and the Ulster and the Royal Scottish Orchestras. There are also chamber orchestras such as the English Chamber Orchestra and the Academy of St. MartinintheFields. British conductors such as Sir Colin Davis, Simon Rattle and Jane Glover reach a wide audience through their recordings as well as their performances. Well known posers include Sir Michael Tippett and Sir Harrison Birtwistle, Percussionist Evelyn Glennie and violinist Nigel Kennedy are among solo performers currently enjoying great acclaim. Opera Opera is enjoying unprecedented audiences and attention in the 90s due to performances on television and well publicized mercial recordings of the classics. Royal Opera, Covent Gardens, and the English National Opera are the main London opera panies. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have their own opera panies. Scottish Opera has regular seasons at the Theatre Royal in Glasgow and tours mainly in Scotland and northern England. Welsh National Opera presents seasons in Cardiff and other cities in England. Northern Ireland Opera performs in towns and cities in Northern Ireland. Dance Audiences have a wide choice of dance in Britain including classical ballet, African people39。s Dance, physical theatre, jazz, new dance and contemporary dance. The lion39。s share of Arts Council funding for dance, about 90 percent goes to support the Royal Ballet (housed with the Royal Opera in Covent Garden), the Birmingham Royal Ballet, which tours widely in Britain and overseas。 English National Ballet, which performs in London and regionally。 Northern Ballet Theatre, based in Halifax which tours mostly in the north of England。 and Scottish Ballet based in Glasgow. Britain39。s leading contemporary dance pany, the Ballet Rambert is also subsidized by the Arts Council, as is the London Contemporary Dance Theatre which has regular seasons in London and tours. Adzido Pan African Dance Ensemble is also supported and the KOSH which bines dance, theatre and acrobatics. Recently, South Asian dance and African People39。s dance have increased in popularity. Since the 70s and the introduction of 39。animateurs39。 (usually a professionally trained dance artist who provides a range of dance activity within a specific locality) a greater public awareness of dance is evident. As a result, six new national dance agencies were established in Birmingham, Leeds, Leicester, London, Newcastle and Swindon to offer training, management support and creative opportunities for artists. These agencies either program and produce dance productions themselves or work closely in partnerships with promoters. Film British films, actors and the creative and technical services which support them are acclaimed at international film festivals. The industry also produces films for television. Their are many well known British performers, three of the best known being Sean Connery, Michael Caine and Kenh Branaugh. Museums There are about 2,500 museums and art galleries in Britain. The major national museums, many of which are in London, have worldfamous artistic, archaeological, scientific and historical collections. They include the British Museum, The Natural History Museum, the National Gallery and the Tate Gallery. Many ob Britain39。s greap private houses (some open to the public) are of prime architectural interest and also contain art treasures. Libraries Britain39。s libraries help to maintain the wealth of English literature and culture. The British Council promotes knowledge of British culture overseas and maintains libraries in many of the 95 countries where it is represented. In Britain, The British Library, Britain39。s national library is one of the world39。s three largest. Many British novelists are internationally recognized. They include the Nobel prizewinner Sir William Golding, Martin Amis, . Byatt and Jeate Winterson. Well known poets include Ted Hughes, Tony Harrison and Wendy Cope. Topics for Discussion 1. What was the British Empire? What do you know about it? In what