【正文】 Serial1/0) is down: Auth failureR2路由提示鄰居認(rèn)證失敗。7查看R2的路由表，由于認(rèn)證失敗，此時(shí)R1與R2的鄰居關(guān)系也無(wú)法維持。R2show ip eigrp 50 neighbors IPEIGRP neighbors for process 50R2配置R2的EIGRP認(rèn)證。R2R2configure terminalR2(config)key chain edurainbowR2(configkeychain)key 1R2(configkeychainkey)keystring ciscoR2(configkeychainkey)exitR2(configkeychain)exitR2(config)R2(config)interface serial 1/0R2(configif)ip authentication keychain eigrp 50 edurainbowR2(configif)ip authentication mode eigrp 50 md5R2(configif)exitR2(config)exitR2(config)當(dāng)我們?cè)赗2路由器上完成認(rèn)證的配置后，會(huì)注意到系統(tǒng)的提示信息：*Mar 14 15:46:: %DUAL5NBRCHANGE: IPEIGRP(0) 50: Neighbor (Serial1/0) is up: new adjacency新的鄰居關(guān)系被重新的建立。同時(shí)，查看R2的鄰居表，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)R1已經(jīng)成為R2的鄰居。R2show ip eigrp 50 neighbors IPEIGRP neighbors for process 50H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num0 Se1/0 11 00:01:17 28 200 0 8R1已經(jīng)成為R2的鄰居R2再次使用刷新路由表后，觀察R1與R2的路由表變化。R1show ip route , 2 subnets, 2 masksC , Serial1/1D , 00:08:41, Null0 , 2 subnets, 2 masksC , Loopback0D , 00:08:42, Null0D [90/2297856] via , 00:02:54, Serial1/1R1重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了R2的路由。R1R2show ip route , 2 subnets, 2 masksC , Serial1/0D , 00:08:28, Null0D [90/2297856] via , 00:03:44, Serial1/0R2學(xué)習(xí)到R1的路由。C , Loopback0R2實(shí)驗(yàn)完成。工大瑞普Cisco課程開(kāi)發(fā)小組CCNP Lab ManualLab 6. Understand EIGRP Query實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模豪斫釫IGRP的路由更新機(jī)制。掌握EIGRP的調(diào)試命令。掌握stub的配置及使用路由匯總限制EIGRP的查詢范圍。實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)鋱D：實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟及要求：配置各臺(tái)路由器的IP地址，并且使用Ping命令確認(rèn)各路由器的直連口的互通性。在三臺(tái)路由配置EIGRP自治系統(tǒng)編號(hào)為50。本次實(shí)驗(yàn)采用通配符掩碼配置R1的回環(huán)口。查看RR2與R3確認(rèn)EIGRP工作正常。R1show ip route eigrp , 3 subnets, 2 masksD [90/2681856] via , 00:01:20, Serial1/1D , 00:01:00, Null0 , 2 subnets, 2 masksD , 00:00:59, Null0R1R2show ip route eigrp D [90/2297856] via , 00:01:16, Serial1/0D [90/2172416] via , 00:01:21, Serial1/0 [90/2172416] via , 00:01:21, Serial1/1R2R3sh ip route eigrp , 3 subnets, 2 masksD , 00:01:30, Null0D [90/2681856] via , 00:01:36, Serial1/0D [90/156160] via , 00:01:30, FastEthernet0/0R3登錄到R2路由器，使用debug命令跟蹤EIGRP的更新。R2debug eigrp fsm 調(diào)試eigrp的dual算法EIGRP FSM Events/Actions debugging is onR2debug eigrp packets query 調(diào)試eigrp的查詢包EIGRP Packets debugging is on (QUERY)在R1路由器上使用shutdown命令，重激活loopback的接口，模擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)出錯(cuò)。R1(config)interface loopback 0R1(configif)shutdown觀察R2路由器的調(diào)試反饋。*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Received on Serial1/0 nbr *Mar 15 22:03:: AS 50, Flags 0x0, Seq 127/192 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: rcvquery: , RD is 2297856*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Find FS for dest , RD is 2297856*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: metric 4294967295/4294967295*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: metric 2300416/156160 found Dmin is 2300416*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: send REPLY(R1/n1) about ，直接回復(fù)R1。其主要是因?yàn)闀r(shí)間差的原因造成的。*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: RT installed 。*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Send update about : metric chg*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Send update about : new if*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Received QUERY 。on Serial1/1 nbr *Mar 15 22:03:: AS 50, Flags 0x0, Seq 144/194 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: rcvquery: , RD is 2300416*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Find FS for dest , RD is 2300416*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: metric 4294967295/4294967295*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: metric 4294967295/4294967295 not found 。min is 4294967295*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Peer total/stub 2/0 template/fullstub 2/0*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Dest *Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Set replystatus table. Count is 2.*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Not doing split horizon*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Going from state 1 to state 3*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial1/1 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 148148*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial1/1 nbr iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 148148*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial1/1 nbr *Mar 15 22:03:: AS 50, Flags 0x0, Seq 195/144 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 148148*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial1/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 148148*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial1/0 nbr iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 148148*Mar 15 22:03:: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial1/0 nbr *Mar 15 22:03:: AS 50, Flags 0x0, Seq 196/127 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 148148*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: rcvreply: *Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: reply count is 2*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Clearing handle 1, count now 1*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: rcvreply: *Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: reply count is 1*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Clearing handle 0, count now 0*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Freeing reply status table*Mar 15 22:03:: DUAL: Find FS for dest , RD is 4294967295 found……….根據(jù)提示，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)共有4查詢包，與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的會(huì)產(chǎn)生4個(gè)回復(fù)包。如果在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，使用EIGRP的網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以多達(dá)數(shù)十臺(tái)及數(shù)百臺(tái)路由，那么如果出現(xiàn)某個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)出錯(cuò)，則有可以引起整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)生大量的查詢回復(fù)包。所以為了避免這樣的問(wèn)題，可以使用ip summary命令或stub參數(shù)來(lái)進(jìn)行配置EIGRP，限制EIGRP的查詢范圍。登錄到R1和R3路由器上配置匯總。R1(config)interface loopback 0R1(configif)no shutdown激活loopback0的接口R1(config)interface serial 1/1R1(configif)ip summaryaddress eigrp 50 。R3(config)interface serial 1/0R3(configif)ip summaryaddress eigrp 50 。再次觀察R2與R3的路由表。R2show ip route eigrp , 3 subnets, 2 masksD [90/2684416] via , 00:15:27, Serial1/0 , 1 subnetsD [90/2297856] via , 00:00:27, Serial1/0D [90/2172416] via , 00:15:09, Serial1/0 [90/2172416] via , 00:15:09, Serial1/1R2ping Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), roundtrip min/avg/max = 48/78/104 msR2R3show ip route eigrp , 3 subnets, 2 masksD ,